RICHET CHARLES: (1850-1935) French physiologist, Nobel Prize winner for Physiology or Medicine, 1913. A.L.S., Charles Richet, one page, 8vo, Rue de l'Universite (Paris), n.d. (November 1903), to Luigi Luciani ('Cher collegue et ami'), in French. Richet expresses his regret at knowing that his correspondent's health is not satisfactory and continues 'Mais il faut esperer que bientot, pour le grand benefice de la science, de vos eleves et de vos amis, vous reviendrez a l'activite!' (Translation: 'But it is to be hoped that soon, for the great benefit of science, your pupils and your friends, you will return to the activity!), further remarking 'J'aurai, je pense, le plaisir de vous voir a Rome pour le prochain congres de psychologie' (Translation: 'I shall have, I think, the pleasure of seeing you in Rome for the next psychology congress'). With a small ink annotation signed ('L Luciani') by Luciani at the head of the page indicating that he received the letter on 12th November 1903. Some light age wear, about VGLuigi Luciani (1842-1919) Italian neuroscientist.
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NICOLLE CHARLES: (1866-1936) French bacteriologist, Nobel Prize winner for Physiology or Medicine, 1928. Manuscript D.S., C Nicolle, one page, oblong 8vo, Tunis, 16th December 1930, in French. Nicolle responds to a researcher's questionnaire entitled Enquete Mondiale ('World Enquiry') at the head, with the researcher's manuscript questions beneath, '1. Vos debuts litteraires furent-il heureux ou difficiles? 2. Des moyens d'existence (un second metier ou une fortune personelle) vous permirent-ils de vous faire un nom dans les lettres ou ne vecutes-vous que de votre plume? 3. Quel ouvrage vous fit-il le plus connaitre? Lequel considerez-vous comme votre chef d'oeuvre?' (Translation: '1. Were your literary debuts happy or difficult? 2. Did the means of existence (a second job or a personal fortune) allow you to make a name for yourself in letters, or do you only live from your pen? 3. What book did you know the most about? Which do you consider your masterpiece?). Nicolle provides his brief answers beneath, in full, '1. Je ne saurais dire. 2. etant surtout un homme de sciences. 3. On ne me l'a pas dit et je me mefie de mon jugement' (Translation: '1. I cannot say. 2. Being above all a man of science. 3. I haven't been told and I'm suspicious of my judgement'). Rare. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG
MULLER PAUL HERMANN: (1899-1965) Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize winner for Physiology or Medicine, 1948. Manuscript document, unsigned, one page, 4to, n.p., 12th July 1952, in French. Muller responds to a researcher's questionnaire entitled Enquete Mondiale - La distraction des savants (Translation: 'World Survey - The Distraction of Scientists') at the head, with the researcher's manuscripts questions beneath, '1. Etes-vous distrait? Exact a vos rendez-vous? Patient et perseverant dans vos projets? Entete dans vos recherches? 2. Pouvez-vous citer un cas personnel et frappant de distraction arrive dans le cours de votre vie? 3. Eut-il des consequences pour vous?' (Translation: '1. Are you distracted? Exact on your appointments? Patient and persevering in your projects? Stubborn in your research? 2. Can you cite a personal and striking case of distraction occurring in the course of your life? 3. Did it have consequences for you?'). Muller provides his brief answers alongside some of the questions, replying 'De temps en temp' (Translation: 'From time to time') and 'Persévérant et meme entete dans mes projets et recherches' (Translation: 'Persevering and even stubborn in my projects and research') to the first, and simply 'Non!' to the second. Some light creasing and minor age wear, mainly to the edges of the lower half of the page, otherwise VG
BOVET DANIEL: (1907-1992) Swiss-born Italian pharmacologist, Nobel Prize winner for Physiology or Medicine, 1957. D.S., Daniel Bovet, one page, 4to, n.p., 11th October 1973, in Italian. The partially printed (mimeographed) document is completed entirely in Bovet's hand and is issued by a personnel selection office with the instruction that it is 'to be filled in exactly by each member of the commission'. Bovet provides details of his qualifications from the University of Rome and the address of his workplace. Some extremely minimal, light age wear, VG
NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS: Severo Ochoa (1905-1993) Spanish physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize winner for Physiology or Medicine, 1959. Vintage signed 2.5 x 3.5 photograph of the Nobel Laureate in a head and shoulders pose. Signed in black ink with his name alone to a light area of the background; Manfred Eigen (1927-2019) German biophysical chemist, Nobel Prize winner for Chemistry, 1967. Vintage signed 4 x 5.5 photograph of Eigen in a head and shoulders pose. Signed in blue ink with his name alone to the lower white border; George Porter (1920-2002) British chemist, Nobel Prize winner for Chemistry, 1967. Vintage signed 4.5 x 5.5 photograph of Porter in a close-up head and shoulders pose. Signed in blue ink to the image with slightly inferior contrast; Jan Tinbergen (1903-1994) Dutch economist, awarded the first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, 1969. Vintage signed 2 x 3 photograph of Tinbergen in a head and shoulders pose. Signed in blue ink with his name alone to the lower border. Generally VG to about EX, 4
CASSINI JACQUES: (1677-1756) French astronomer. A.L.S., Cassini, two pages, 8vo, Paris, 31st May 1754, to a gentleman, in French. Cassini sends his correspondent a statement of engineers who are proposed to be employed along with the funds deemed necessary for the work, explaining 'Les deux etats sont entierement conformes a ceux de l'annee precedente par rapport a la depense, et il n'y a de difference que dans le choix de quelques ingenieurs, ayant juge a propos de reformer ceux du travail desquels je n'ay pas ete content et de n'admettre dorenavant que ceux qui apres avoir travaille une annee entiere a leur depens m'auront donne des preuves de leur capacite. J'espere que vous voudrez bien approuver cet arrangement qui m'a paru conforme a vos intentions et avantageux au progres de cet ouvrage de meme qu'a sa perfection' (Translation: 'The two statements are entirely in conformity with those of the preceding year in relation to the expense, and there is no difference except in the choice of a few engineers, having judged fit to reform those of whose labour I was not happy and to admit from now on only those who, after having worked for a whole year at their expense, will have given me proof of their capacity. I hope that you will agree to approve this arrangement which seemed to me to be in conformity with your intentions and advantageous to the progress of this work as well as to its perfection'), further referring to some books and court proceedings against certain engineers who refused particular orders and concluding by remarking 'On m'a apporte hier au soir la premiere epreuve de la carte des environs de Montigny que j'ai cru devoir vous envoyer afin que vous puissiez l'examiner a vos moments de loisir' (Translation: 'I was brought yesterday evening the first proof of the map of the surroundings of Montigny which I thought I should send to you so that you could examine it at your leisure'). Cassini's correspondent has penned a response, of just over ten lines dated 8th June 1754, to the upper and lower areas of the first and second pages. Some light foxing and minor age wear, largely to the edges, about VG
WEINEK LADISLAUS: (1848-1913) Austro-Hungarian astronomer. A.L.S., Prof. Dr. L. Weinek, one page, 8vo, Prague, 27th October 1885, to a Professor, on the printed stationery of the Imperial-Royal Observatory, in German. Weinek replies to his correspondent's letter and informs him 'that at that time only the optical focal lengths of the 1874 photographic lenses were determined by the Besssel-Gauss method and that the fully ready-to-print material of this determination with text and detailed drawings was sent to Professor Schonfeld in the autumn of 1881, as I recall', further remarking 'What was later sent from Leipzig to Potsdam by Professor Brums can only be insignificant since the main work was sent to Bonn by myself'. A few very light, minor stains to the edges, VG
TOMBAUGH CLYDE W.: (1906-1997) American astronomer who discovered Pluto in 1930. Booklet signed and inscribed, being a 4to printed copy of an essay (with various illustrations) entitled Reminiscences of the Discovery of Pluto, reprinted from Sky and Telescope, Volume XIX, Number 5, March 1960, and bearing the rubber stamp of the Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona. Signed and inscribed by Tombaugh in blue ink to a clear area at the head of the title page and dated 10th September 1973 in his hand. Some light overall creasing and minor age wear, about VGWhen Tombaugh discovered Pluto in 1930 it was considered to be a planet, but was reclassified in 2006 as a dwarf planet.
PARMENTIER ANTOINE-AUGUSTIN: (1737-1813) French pharmacist and agronomist, a vocal promoter of the potato as a food source for humans in France and throughout Europe. A.L.S., Parmentier, one page, 4to, Calais, 7th July 1805, to Monsieur Bruloy, chief pharmacist of the army in Boulogne, in French. Parmentier writes, in part, 'J'ai ete force mon cher Bruloy de donner en une heure au Commissaire General [Claude Petiet] l'etat des Pharmaciens attaches aux divisions du centre; vous vervez par l'etat que nous vous adressons ceux qui les composent. Je desire avoir observe a cet egard toutes les convenances et rempli vos vues' (Translation: 'I was forced, my dear Bruloy, to give the General Commissioner [Claude Petiet] in one hour the state of the pharmacists attached to the divisions of the centre; you will see by the state that we send you those who composed them. I wish to have observed in this respect all the proprieties and fulfilled your views'). With integral address leaf in Parmentier's hand. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VGClaude Petiet (1749-1806) French politician who served as Minister of War 1796-97 and in 1805 was appointed Intendant General of the Grand Armee, organising the Boulogne camp and the Austerlitz campaign.
HUBER FRANCOIS: (1750-1831) Swiss entomologist who specialised in honeybees. A fine L.S., Francois Huber, three pages, 4to, Ouchy, Lausanne, 11th June 1814, to Georges Cuvier, in French. Huber apologises for the circumstances which did not allow him to reply earlier to his correspondent's letter, adding that he is 'Penetre de reconnaissance pour la faveur que l'institut de France a deigne m'accorder ca ete pour moi un veritable vhagrin d'etre condamne au silence dans cette occasion, et de ne pouvoir vous dire combien j'en ai ete touche' (Translation: 'Penetrated with gratitude for the favour that the Institut de France has deigned to grant me, it is a real sorrow for me to be condemned to silence on this occasion, and not to be able to tell you how touched I was'). Huber further states 'Sans cesser de m'occuper de l'histoire naturelle qui a ete l'etude et le charme de toute ma vie, je me suis depuis quelques annees remis a celle des mathematiques pour essayer de lire et d'entendre les ouvrages de vos celebres collegues, et de n'etre pas entierement exclu de ce qu'il y a de plus interessant et de plus certain dans les connoissances humaines. Par le moyen de caracteres et de signes palpables que je dois au zele de mon fils pour tout ce qui peut m'etre utile je n'ai rien trouve jusqu'a present dans cette nouvelle etude, qui m'ait du faire regretter le temps que j'y ai consacre: je suis fache seulement de n'avoir pas deviue plutot, qu'une occupation ou le secours des yeux n'etais pas absolument necessaire etait precisement celle, qui pouvait le mieux me convenir. Je n'ai sans doute ni la pretention, ni le moindre espoir de faire aucune decouverte dans une route si dignement parcouvue et d'avoir jamais a moins de quelque miracle rien a apprendre a mes maitres. Mais si dans le cours de mes recherches sur les Abeilles j'ai le bonheur d'appercevoir quelque nouveau trait de leur histoire……. J'ai lu Monsieur avec le plus grand interet vos belles et etomantes recherches sur les osserments fossiles, permettez-moi de saisir cette occasion pour vous remercier du plaisir infini que j'ai pris a cette lecture et de vous prier de vouloir bien me mettre au nombre de vos plus sinceres admirateurs. Je ne finirai point cette lettre Monsieur sans vous dire combien nous avons ete reconnoissants de l'accueil plein d'indulgence et de bonte, que les savants et les naturalistes ont fait a mons fils, pendant son sejour a Paris, ses parents en conserverout toujours un precieux souvenir' (Translation: 'Without ceasing to concern myself with natural history, which has been the study and the charm of my whole life, I have for some years returned to that of mathematics to try to read and hear the works of your famous colleagues, and not to be entirely excluded from what is most interesting and most certain in human knowledge. By means of characters and palpable signs which I owe to the zeal of my son for all that can be useful to me, I have found nothing up to now in this new study, which should have made me regret the time that I devoted to it: I am only sorry not to have deviated sooner, that an occupation where the aid of the eyes was not absolutely necessary was precisely that which could best suit me. I doubtless have neither the pretension nor the slightest hope of making any discovery on a road so worthily travelled and of never having anything except some miracle to teach my masters. But if in the course of my research on bees I have the good fortune to perceive some new trait in their history…….I read Sir with the greatest interest your beautiful and astonishing research on fossil bones, allow me to take this opportunity to thank you for the infinite pleasure that I took in this reading and to ask you to kindly put me among your most sincere admirers. I will not finish this letter, Sir, without telling you how grateful we were for the welcome full of indulgence and kindness which the scholars and naturalists gave my son during his stay in Paris, his parents will always keep a precious memory') and in a postscript remarks 'Lorsque la seconde edition de mon livre sur les Abeilles paraitra je vous prierai Monsieur d'en offrir un exemplaire de ma part a l'Institut et je prendrai aussi la liberte de vous offrir un en le recommandant a votre indulgence' (Translation: 'When the second edition of my book on bees appears, I will ask you, Sir, to offer a copy from me to the Institute and I will also take the liberty of offering you one, recommending it to your indulgence'). With address panel to the verso of the final page, bearing the remnants of a red wax seal (small area of paper loss and tear where originally broken). A letter of excellent association and content, not least for its references to bees and the blindness which afflicted Huber. Some light age wear and a few minor tears to the edges, about VG
![[MINERALOGY]: A manuscript D.S. Maximinus Fuxius, in the third person, by the Benedictine monk Maximin Fluxus, director of Na](https://cdn.globalauctionplatform.com/d9f4f5d5-e853-4d8c-9ccb-b02300a8b7ae/69ced638-0e45-4ec0-b916-b02300bb2c46/468x382.jpg)
[MINERALOGY]: A manuscript D.S. Maximinus Fuxius, in the third person, by the Benedictine monk Maximin Fluxus, director of Natural History at St. Maximin's Abbey in Trier, Germany, two pages, 8vo, n.p., 7th March 1778, in Latin. Fuxius certifies that Mr. Thyrion, a professor of chemistry and member of the Academy of Sciences, was sent to him by Count de Milly-Montant, a Parisian collector, to buy German ores of silver, lead, copper and iron for the sum of 426 livres. The geologist further explains that the price was determined not only by the intrinsic value of the minerals, but also due to their scientific value and curiosity. With a further manuscript statement signed by a notary of Trier at the conclusion, attesting to Fuxius's declaration, dated October 1778 and with a blind embossed paper seal affixed alongside. With blank integral leaf. Some light overall dust staining, otherwise VG
DOLOMIEU DEODAT GRATET DE: (1750-1801) French geologist after whom the mineral and the rock dolomite were named. A supporter of Napoleon Bonaparte during the French Revolution, Dolomieu was captured and held as a prisoner of war in Italy from 1799. Following Napoleon's successful invasion of Italy, one of the terms dictated by him in the peace treaty of Florence in March 1801 was the immediate release of Dolomieu. An extremely rare autograph manuscript signed, with his initials G D D, two pages, 12mo (6.5 x 9.5 cm), n.p., n.d., in French. Dolomieu's manuscript notes, comprising thirty-seven lines written in a small, although perfectly legible, hand is entitled 'Les Erreurs reconnues sont des verites acquises' (Translation: 'The errors recognised are the truths acquired') and states, in part, 'et leur decouverte est d'autant plus utile qu'elles ont été de nature à séduire beaucoup de gens. Les erreurs vécues empechent l'esprit de s'occuper de nouvelles recherches: on croit savoir et c'est le plus grand obstacle a savoir reellement…….La verite recherchee par les hommes est comme le feu qu'ils produisent avec des matieres combustibles; plus elle s'etend, plus elle a de tendance a s'etendre de nouveau. On fait un pas vers la decouverte de la cause d'un phenomene quelconque lorsque l'on trouve que les causes auxquelles on l´attribuait n'ont aucun rapport avec lui. Comme il n'y a point d'effets sans causes, lorsqu'on decouvre un plus grand nombre de faits qui, quoique contemporain d'un phenomene, n'ont point de rapports avec lui, on se rapproche de la connaissance de la cause qui pourra l'expliquer. Cette methode d'approche de la verite, qu'on peut dire negative et d'exclusion peut reussir finalement quoiqu'elle puisse etre longue. Mais elle est essentielle a employer surtout dans les recherches geologiques' (Translation: 'and their discovery is all the more useful in that they have been of a nature to seduce many people. Errors experienced prevent the mind from dealing with new research: we think we know and this is the greatest obstacle to really knowing…….The truth sought by men is like the fire they produce with combustible materials; the more it expands, the more it tends to expand again. One takes a step toward discovering the cause of any phenomenon when one finds that the causes to which it was attributed have no connection with it. As there are no effects without causes, when we discover a greater number of facts which, although contemporaneous with a phenomenon, have no connection with it, we come closer to knowing the cause that can explain it. This method of approaching the truth, which can be said to be negative and of exclusion, can ultimately succeed, although it may take a long time. But it is essential to use especially in geological research'). An interesting and important text. Some very light, minor foxing and age wear, otherwise VG The text of Dolomieu's manuscript originates from a scientific work published in 1778-79 by Jean-Andre Deluc (1727-1817) Swiss geologist, natural philosopher and meteorologist who devised measuring instruments. Deluc's father was a supporter of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Jean-Andre also wrote of conversations he had experienced with Voltaire and Rousseau in an essay on the General Principle of Mortality which he had published in 1798.
MONGE GASPARD: (1746-1818) Comte de Péluse. French Mathematician, widely regarded as the inventor of descriptive geometry and the father of differential geometry. Monge served as Minister of the Marine 1792-93 during the French Revolution. Key figure in the foundation of the Ecole Polytechnique. Rare L.S., `Monge´, one page, folio, Rome, 10th April 1798, to the Chief Tax and Finance Officer of Italy, in French. Monge, in his capacity as Commissioner of the Executive Directory and Envoy to Rome, states in part `L´arrêté que le Citoyen Haller a pris le 4 de ce mois relativement à la Citoyenne Braschi a besoin, Citoyen, d´être soumis à l´approbation de la commission, avant de recevoir son execution ; nous vous invitons en consequence à nous remettre toutes les pieces qui ont servi au Citoyen Haller pour l´instruction de cette affaire…´ ("The decree that Citizen Haller issued on the 4th of this month in relation to Citizen Braschi needs, Citizen, to be submitted to the approval of the commission, before receiving its execution; we therefore invite you to give us all the documents that were used by Citizen Haller for the investigation of this case…") With blank leaf, only showing the sender´s post `Les Commissaires du Directoire Exécutif´ ("The Commissioners of the Executive Directory") Some light overall age wear and small areas of paper loss (largely to the blank integral leaf), the bifolium neatly laid down to restoration paper of a good standard. About G From May 1796 to October 1797 Monge was in Italy with C.L. Berthollet and some artists to select the paintings and sculptures being levied from the Italians. While there he became friendly with Napoleon Bonaparte. Upon his return to France, he was appointed as the Director of the Ecole Polytechnique, but early in 1798 he was sent to Italy on a mission that ended in the establishment of the short-lived Roman republic.
GAUSS CARL FRIEDRICH: (1777-1855) German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields in mathematics and science. A.N.S., Gauss, one page, folio, n.p., (Gottingen), n.d. (August 1829), in German. Gauss's four-line note appears at the foot of a manuscript letter signed by an unidentified individual, dated at Gottingen, 18th August 1829, submitting a patent prepared by the student Menze for review. Gauss observes 'I remark that to my knowledge there is no Schlusselburg in the Hannoverian [territories]. Schlusselburg at the [river] Weser is Prussian'. A further, shorter note signed by an unidentified individual appears beneath and states that Schlusselburg is located in Westphalia. With blank integral leaf. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG
GALTON FRANCIS: (1822-1911) English polymath, a proponent of social Darwinism, eugenics and scientific racism. A.L.S., Francis Galton, three pages, 8vo, Field Side, Grasmere, near Windermere (Cumbria), 17th August 1866, to Revd. Joseph Crompton. Galton states 'It will be quite sufficient that you should let me have the documents of which you speak, at Nottingham' and continues to inform his correspondent 'There seems no doubt but that the Association will elect to go to Dundee in 1867 and there is considerable probability that either Norwich or Exeter will be the alternative for 1868', further remarking 'Let me call your attention to the importance of the Norwich deputation being able to give (a) full & reliable account of the accommodation they can offer in the way of section rooms and especially of that afforded to their largest room, or rooms, for the General meeting & the soirees. There is considerable apprehension that a meeting at Norwich would be a small one. Have you any facts that point to a more favourable conclusion' and concluding 'Lastly, have you enlisted the sympathy of Dr Hooker in your behalf. His advocacy if he afforded it, would be a very powerful help to you (I believe I am right in supposing that he is intimately connected with Norwich)'. Some very light age wear, a few minor stains, and very slight traces of former mounting to the verso, otherwise VGJoseph Crompton (1813-1878) English clergyman, founder of the 'Free Christian Church' and rector of St. Lawrence church in Norfolk.Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) British botanist and explorer, director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, and Charles Darwin's closest friend. Hooker acted as President of the British Association at its Norwich meeting of 1868, when his address was remarkable for its championship of Darwinian theories. The British Science Association, as it is known today, is a learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science.
LANGEVIN PAUL: (1872-1946) French physicist. A.L.S., P Langevin, one page, 8vo, Rue Vauquelin, Paris, 12th January 1934, to a gentleman, on the printed stationery of the Ecole Municipale de Physique et de Chimie, in French. Langevin writes 'Je ne puis qu'approuver votre desir d'information objective sur la Russie sovietique, et je m'associe volontiers a l'initiative que vous voulez prendre sans pouvoir d'ailleurs y apporter plus que cette adhesion au titre qui vous paraitra le plus convenable. Le temps que je consacre deja au Comite pour les relations scientifiques avec l'U.R.S.S. d'une part, et au Cercle de la Russie neuve, d'autre part, depasse deja ce que mes occupations me permettent de faire dans ce sens' (Translation: 'I can only approve of your desire for objective information on Soviet Russia, and I gladly associate myself with the initiative that you want to take, without being able to contribute more to it than this adhesion to the title which seems most suitable to you. The time I already devote to the Committee for Scientific Relations with the U.S.S.R. on the one hand, and at the Circle of New Russia on the other hand, already exceeds what my occupations allow me to do in this sense'). Some light age wear and minor staining to the upper right corner, otherwise VG
PHILIPE GERARD: (1922-1959) French actor. A scarce vintage signed 5 x 7 photograph of Philipe standing in a half-length pose. Photograph by Raymond Voinquel. Signed by Philipe in fountain pen ink with his name alone to the image. Signed photographs of the actor are scarce as a result of his untimely death at the age of 36. Some very light, minimal staining and age wear, only very slightly affecting the signature. About VG
PASTEUR LOUIS: (1822-1895) French chemist and microbiologist, renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination and pasteurisation. A.L.S., L. Pasteur, one page, 8vo, Paris, 10th April 1882, to a gentleman, in French. Pasteur writes, in part, 'Je vous remercie de votre lettre et de votre dépêche de ce matin. Vous aurez la complaisance de me dire si les deux moutons morts a Forfry annoncés par votre dépêche, font partie des 3 mauvais qui ont reçu d'emblée le vaccin spécial ou des 45 qui ont reçu antérieurement le 1er vaccin' (Translation: 'I thank you for your letter and your telegram this morning. You will have the kindness to tell me if the two dead sheep at Forfry announced by your telegram, are part of the 3 ill ones who immediately received the special vaccine or of the 45 who have previously received the 1st vaccine') and in a postscript remarks 'Retenez bien que le 7 avril vous avez inoculé chez M. Narest ; le 8 avril, chez Mr Longuet ; le 9 avril chez ? - je ne sais pas encore. Ne confondez pas les résultats dans ces trois cas-là' (Translation: 'Remember that on 7th April you inoculated at Mr. Narest's; on 8th April at Mr. Longuet's; on 9th April at? - I do not know yet. Do not confuse the results in these three cases'). A few very light, minor creases and one small tear to the centre of the lower edge, otherwise VGPasteur had been trying to develop the anthrax vaccine since 1877, shortly after Robert Koch's discovery of the bacterium, but it was not until 21st March 1881 that he announced the successful vaccination of sheep, and a public experiment was conducted a few months later in May. All of the vaccinated sheep survived, while unvaccinated ones died before the public viewers, and Pasteur's report to the French Academy of Sciences in June concluded '[by] looking at everything from the scientific point of view, the development of a vaccination against anthrax constitutes significant progress beyond the first vaccine developed by Jenner, since the latter had never been obtained experimentally'.
DEBIERNE ANDRE-LOUIS: (1874-1949) French chemist, often considered the discoverer of the element actinium. Manuscript D.S., A. Debierne (twice), one page, 4to, n.p., 9th April 1948, in French. Debierne responds to a researcher's questionnaire entitled Enquete Mondiale ('World Enquiry') at the head, with the researcher's manuscript questions beneath, '1. Vos debuts scientifiques furent-il heureux ou difficiles? 2. Des moyens d'existence (un second metier ou une fortune personelle) vous permirent-ils de vous faire un nom dans la science ou ne vecutes-vous que de votre travail de laboratoire? 3. Quel ouvrage (ou quelle decouverte) vous fit-il le plus connaitre? Lequel considerez-vous comme votre chef d'oeuvre?' (Translation: '1. Were your scientific debuts happy or difficult? 2. Did the means of existence (a second job or a personal fortune) allow you to make a name for yourself in science, or do you only live from your laboratory work? 3. What work (or which discovery) made you most well-known? Which do you consider your masterpiece?). Debierne provides his answers beneath, explaining that his first scientific research was conducted with Charles Friedel at the Sorbonne and following this 'Pierre Curie m'a demande d'etudier la preparation du Radium……et je suis reste son collaborateur et celui de Madame Curie......La vie pendant mon enfance avait ete tres difficile et mes etudes ont toujours ete faits dans des conditions peu favorables. Mes travaux principaux ont ete faits sur la Radioactivite et mon nom a ete mis en evidence par la decouverte de l'actinium, nouvel element radioactif, qui a donne son nom a la famille de l'actinium suite d'elements analogue a celle du Radium et du Thorium' (Translation: 'Pierre Curie asked me to study the preparation of Radium…….and I remained his collaborator and that of Madame Curie…….Life during my childhood had been difficult and my studies were always done in unfavourable conditions. My main work was done on Radioactivity and my name was highlighted by the discovery of actinium, a new radioactive element, which gave its name to the family of actinium, a series of elements similar to that of radium and thorium'). Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG
JUNG CARL: (1875-1961) Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. T.L.S., C. G. Jung, one page, oblong 8vo, Kusnacht, Zurich, 4th August 1945, to Fritz Berner, in German. Jung thanks his friend for their letter and birthday greetings and continues to inform him that 'My thoughts have now been largely summarised in a book that Mrs. Dr. J. Jacobi compiled and which was published by Rascher in Zurich under the title "Psychological Considerations"', further remarking 'It can give you roughly an idea of my views'. Some light overall age wear and minor creasing and a few small tears to the edges, otherwise about VGJolande Jacobi (1890-1973) Swiss psychologist, remembered for her work with Carl Jung and for her writings on Jungian psychology.
HEDIN SVEN: (1865-1952) Swedish geographer, topographer & explorer. Vintage signed sepia postcard photograph of Hedin in a head and shoulders pose and with a lit cigarette in one hand. Signed in dark fountain pen ink at the base of the image and dated 1929 in his hand. A couple of light, minor marks to the upper left corner, otherwise VG
CHARCOT JEAN-BAPTISTE: (1867-1936) French scientist and polar explorer. A good L.S., J. Charcot, three pages, 8vo, Rue de l'Universite (Paris), 8th March 1903, to a gentleman, in French. Charcot announces that the departure date of his expedition is getting closer and his precious time is absorbed with numerous preparations, continuing to explain that he is also obliged to organise a subscription in order to raise the 70,000 francs needed to pay for the rest of the equipment, and therefore makes a proposal, 'Je suis je vous l'assure, tout dispose a faire une conference dans votre ville; mais je voudrais que vous me rendiez le service de preparer le resultat de cette conference en faisant une tres grande publicite en annoncant que en plus du recit de mon dernier voyage, je tracerai le programme de mon expedition prochaine, et qu'enfin au cours de cette conference il sera fait une souscription sur laquelle tous doivent tenir a honneur de s'inscrire afin d'aider de leur effort personnel la premiere Expedition Arctique francaise. Vous avez recu cette semaine quelques imprimes expliquant mon but exact et mes desiderata. Avec ces renseiguements, vous pourrez facilement sonder vos amis et me dire approximativement l'effort que pourra fournir votre ville. Je compte Monsieur sur votre devoue concours et sur celui de vos honores collegues. Votre cite est assez riche pour pouvoir me donner un puissant coup d'epaule. Le quart d'heure de Rabelais s'approche......Excusez la brutalite de ma franchise et veuillez me dire au plus tot si ma proposition vous agree' (Translation: 'I am, I assure you, quite prepared to hold a conference in your town; but I would like you to do me the service of preparing the result of this conference by making a very big publicity by announcing that in addition to the story of my last trip, I will outline the programme of my next expedition, and that finally during this conference, a subscription will be made, on which all must make it a point of honour to register in order to help the first French Arctic Expedition with their personal effort. You have received this week some printed matter explaining my exact goal and my wishes. With this information, you can easily poll your friends and tell me approximately how much effort your city can provide. I am counting, Sir, on your devoted assistance and on that of your honoured colleagues. Your city is rich enough to lend me a mighty helping hand. The fifteen minutes of Rabelais is approaching……Excuse the brutality of my frankness and please tell me as soon as possible if my proposal agrees with you'). A letter of fine content. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VGCharcot led the first French Antarctic Expedition aboard the ship Francais from 1903-05 during which time they explored the west coast of Graham Land portion of the Antarctic Peninsula. The expedition reached Adelaide Island in 1905 and took pictures of the Palmer Archipelago and Loubet Coast.
SCOTT ROBERT FALCON: (1868-1912) British Antarctic explorer. A very fine, rare vintage signed sepia 7 x 10 photograph, the photogravure image depicting Scott standing in a half- length pose, c.1900. Photograph by J. Thomson of London and bearing his blind embossed Royal Warrant to the lower photographer's mount. Signed ('Con') by Scott with his family name in dark fountain pen ink to a light area of the image. Some light age wear and very minor mottling to the photographer's mount and very slightly irregularly trimmed to the left and right edges, about VG
FARMAN HENRI: (1874-1958) French pioneer aviator and aircraft designer. Vintage signed postcard photograph, the image depicting Farman piloting his Voisin 1907 biplane across land at Issy-les-Moulineaux during a historic flight on 26th October 1907. Signed ('H Farman') in purple fountain pen ink with his name alone to the base of the image. Addressed in an unidentified hand to the verso and postmarked 20th November 1907. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VGOn 26th October 1907 at Issy-les-Moulineaux, Farman made several flights of 363, 403 and 771 metres in his Voisin aircraft, powered by a V8 Antoinette motor. The aviator also started to turn the plane in the air on this date and the distance of 771 metres was completed in 52 seconds. It was the longest flight in the world that year, and won Farman the Ernest Archdeacon Cup.
LINDBERGH CHARLES: (1902-1974) American aviator who made the first solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic from Paris to New York in the Spirit of St. Louis, May 1927. A good vintage signed sepia 6.5 x 8.5 photograph of Lindbergh standing in a three-quarter length pose with his custom-built monoplane the Spirit of St. Louis in the immediate background. Signed ('C. A. Lindbergh') in fountain pen ink to the image and dated 27th March 1928 in his hand, less than a year after having made his historic flight. The conclusion of his surname runs across a slightly darker area although remains legible. Some light, minor surface creasing and two areas of loss to the white borders in the upper and lower left corners, otherwise VG
ARMSTRONG NEIL: (1930-2012) American astronaut, Commander of Apollo XI, the first man to walk on the moon (1969). A good signed colour 8 x 10 photograph, the original NASA image depicting Armstrong standing in a three-quarter length pose wearing his white spacesuit and with a large image of the moon in the immediate background. Signed in blue ink with his name alone to a light area of the image. Together with an original NASA colour 10 x 8 photograph of the Apollo XI crew members, comprising Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins, the image depicting them standing and seated together in three-quarter length poses wearing their white spacesuits, bearing autopen signatures of each. Also including a two-page 4to printed biographical data sheet relating to Armstrong (December 1971) and a folio printed brochure entitled The First Lunar Landing - As Told by The Astronauts, being the text of a post-flight press conference, with many colour illustrations, produced by NASA and published by the United States Government Printing Office, 1970. Signed photographs of Armstrong without personal inscriptions are scarce and particularly desirable. Some very light, extremely minor uniform vertical marks to Armstrong's photograph, only visible in parts at a certain angle. VG, 4
LOVELL JAMES: (1928- ) American astronaut, commander of the Apollo XIII lunar mission, 1970. Signed colour 8 x 10 photograph, the official NASA image depicting Lovell standing in a half-length pose, wearing his spacesuit, and with a globe of the moon at his side. A colourful starry galaxy can be seen in the immediate background. Signed by Lovell in blue ink to a light area at the centre of the image, adding this mission names Gemini 7, 12, Apollo 8, 13 in his hand beneath his signature. With a small authentication sticker neatly affixed to the lower right corner. About EX
MARLBOROUGH DUKE OF: (1650-1722) John Churchill. English soldier and statesman, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces 1690-91, 1702-08. L.S., Le Pr. et duc de Marlborough, three pages, 4to, Vienna, 22nd November 1705, to Johann Wilhelm II, in French. The Duke informs his correspondent that he has not failed to obey his orders 'en representant a l'Empereur et a ses minstres, tout ce qu'elle m'a fait l'honeur de me charger' (Translation: 'by representing to the Emperor and his ministers all that he has done me the honour to entrust to me') and continues 'Je dois aussi lui informer que l'Empereur fait beaucoup de fonds sure les six battaillons qu'elle espene que votre Altesse Electorale voudra bien lui fournir pour augmenter son armee en Italie, et pour les quelles elle offre mille recrues a vingt ecus par homme……J'ose aussi me flatter que le zele que Votre Altesse Electorale fait paraitre dans toutes les occasions pour le brien de la cause commune le pousseva a nous accorder ce secours' (Translation: 'I must also inform you that the Emperor is making a great deal of money from the six battalions which he hopes your Electoral Highness will be good enough to provide to increase his army in Italy, and for which you are offering a thousand recruits at twenty crowns per man……I also dare to flatter myself that the zeal that Your Electoral Highness shows on all occasions for the sake of the common cause prompted him to grant us this help'). With some very light, extremely minor age wear and one small, light circular stain, only very slightly affecting the text, VGJohann Wilhelm II (1658-1716) Elector Palatine 1690-1716.The present letter was written during the Spanish War of Succession (1701-15) which saw Marlborough participate in a number of important battles including the Battle of Blenheim (1704), the Battle of Elixheim (1705) and the Battle of Oudenarde (1708).
NAPOLEON I: (1769-1821) Emperor of France 1804-14, 1815. An excellent military content L.S., `Nap´, three pages, 4to, gilt edges, Trianon, 10th August 1810, to the Duke de Feltre, in French. The letter is dictated to and in the hand of Meneval. Napoleon demonstrates in this letter his skills on military strategy, planning and reorganizing his troops intending to reinforce his battalions in Spain, stating in part `Monsieur le duc de Feltre, faites-moi connaitre si l´on pourrait former à Turin un regiment de marche pour l´armée de Catalogne qui serait composé de 200 hommes du 1er regiment d´infanterie légère - de 300 hommes du 3º idem - de 200 hommes du 2eme de ligne….´ (Translation: ` Monsieur le duc de Feltre, let me know if we could form in Turin a march regiment for the Catalonia army which would be composed by 200 men from the first light infantry regiment - by 300 men of the third idem, by 200 men of the second…´) further adding `Le 16º qui est à Toulon pourrait envoyer 500 hommes à son 4º bataillon à l´armée de Catalogne, ce qui ferait pour cette armée un secours de 2000 hommes. Envoyez-moi un projet d´organisation de ce regiment et faites-moi connaitre quand il sera prêt´ (Translation: `The 16th regiment at Toulon could supply 500 men to the 4th battalion of the Catalonia army, which would give a grant of 2000 men for this army. Send me an organization project for this regiment and let me know when it will be ready´) Napoleon further suggests several ways of reinforcing the army in Catalonia and in Spain, stating in part `On complèterait ces battaillons avec ce qu´il y aurait de disponible aux 4º bataillons dont les dépôts sont en France et qui ont leurs bataillons de guerre en Hollande, en Allemagne et sur les côtes; et si l´on parvenait à les completer ce serait une force de 3 à 4000 hommes qui, avec les bataillons de marche ci-dessus demandés, formerait une division de 8000 hommes…´ (Translation: `We would complete these battalions with what would be available in the 4th battalions which warehouses are in France and which war battalions are in Holland, in Germany and on the coasts; and if we manage to complete them it will be a military presence of 3 to 4000 men who, together with the requested march battalions mentioned above, would make all together a division of 8000 men…) Before concluding Napoleon explains to the Duke de Feltre the advantages of such changes, saying `Cela aura l´avantage 1º de fournir 4000 hommes de renfort pour l´armée de Catalogne et 8000 hommes pour l´armée d´Espagne; 2º de diminuer le nombre des hommes presents sous les armes des regiments qui sont sur le pied de paix, c´est à dire des régiments qui sont sur les côtes de France, en Allemagne, en Hollande, etc.., ce qui diminuera la dépense´ (Translation: `This will have the advantage 1º of providing 4000 reinforcements for the army of Catalonia and 8000 men for the army of Spain; 2º to reduce the number of men present under the arms of regiments which are under peace status, that is to say regiments which are on the coasts of France, in Germany, in Holland, etc., which will reduce the expenses´) A letter of very interesting military content. Accompanied by a small 12mo holograph receipt, with traces of having been pinned to the bottom left corner. VG Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke (1765-1818) Duc de Feltre and Minister of War under Napoleon. Later Marshal of France in 1816, one of six created under King Louis XVIII from 1815-24Claude François de Méneval (1778-1850) Baron of the Empire. Memoirist of the 19th century. Napoleon´s private secretary and his closest collaborator.
SMITH WILLIAM SIDNEY: (1764-1840) British Admiral and intelligence officer who served in the American and French revolutionary wars and the Napoleonic Wars. A.L.S., with his initials W S S, one page, 8vo, n.p. (Paris), n.d. ('Lundi au soir'; 18th October 1818), to Chevalier Jullien, in French. Smith thanks his correspondent for their invitation and adds that he is very sorry not to be able to take advantage of it, remarking 'l'Eveque Luzerne et le Chevalier de St. Clair sont aussi engages. J'aurais ete tres content de rencontrer l'estimable amiral Bergeret' (Translation: 'Bishop Luzerne and the Knight of St. Clair are also engaged. I would have been very happy to meet the estimable Admiral Bergeret'). With integral address leaf in Smith's hand. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VGCesar Guillaume La Luzerne (1738-1821) Roman Catholic cardinal, a minor statesman of the French Revolution and an important figure of the Bourbon Restoration.Jacques Bergeret (1771-1857) French Admiral who was captured by the British on the French frigate Virginie in April 1796. Bergeret was brought to England and after two years was sent on parole to Paris to negotiate his own exchange for William Sidney Smith, himself held in the Temple prison in Paris at the time. The exchange was refused and Bergeret returned to London. Smith later escaped and upon his return to England Bergeret was released, the British government considering the prisoner exchange as completed. During his later years in Paris Smith amused himself with a fictious order of 'Knights Liberators', which he had founded and of which he was president. The main aim of the organisation was the liberation of Christian slaves from the Barbary pirates, although any efforts appear to have been limited to correspondence.
KITCHENER HERBERT: (1850-1916) 1st Earl Kitchener. Irish-born British Field Marshal and colonial administrator. An extremely rare and highly unusual large vintage signed 21.5 x 16.5 sepia photograph by Kitchener and six of the seven members of his mission to Japan comprising Henry Rawlinson (1864-1925; 1st Baron Rawlinson, British General), William Lambton (1863-1936; British Major-General), Leopold Greville (1882-1928; Lord Brooke, 6th Earl of Warwick, British Brigadier General), Tsuneyoshi Murata (1838-1921; Japanese Major, inventor of the Murata rifle), Nagayuki Asano (1864-1947; Japanese head of the Asano clan which ruled over Hiroshima Domain) and Lieutenant Colonel Yoshida. The image, which also features Captain Oswald Fitzgerald (1875-1916; British military officer with the 18th Bengal Lancers and Kitchener's 'constant and inseparable companion' whom he appointed his aide-de-camp), depicts Kitchener and the other officers standing together in full-length poses, each wearing their uniforms and medals, in the grounds of the Shiba Palace, Tokyo, in November 1909. Photograph by Shibata of Tokyo. Signed by the six in dark fountain pen inks to a light area at the base of the image, some adding their ranks alongside their signatures. Some light age wear and a few minor stains and scuffs, most evident to the photographer's mount. About VG Kitchener served as Commander-in-Chief, India, from 1902-09 and had been promoted to the highest army rank of Field Marshal in September 1909. As part of a tour to Australia and New Zealand Kitchener visited China and Japan and it was at the latter that he and his staff were treated as official guests of the nation; a palace at Tokyo was set aside for their use, a ceremonial reception was accorded to them and an invitation to attend the Imperial Manoeuvres was pressed on them. It was on the occasion of the Imperial Grand Japanese Manoeuvres that the present photograph was taken.
LAWRENCE T. E.: (1888-1935) British army officer, archaeologist, diplomat and writer, renowned for his role in the Arab Revolt (1916-18) and the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1915-18) against the Ottoman Empire during World War I. An excellent A.L.S., T E Shaw, one page, folio, Karachi, India, 5th January 1927, to an unidentified correspondent (although evidently a writer whom Lawrence held in some esteem). Lawrence announces, 'I have sworn a great oath never to use or countenance the use of the name "Lawrence", as referring to me, again, in public or private', continuing 'So that would settle the question of my introducing your book, I'm afraid' and explaining 'Of course I write, or rather I try to write, occasionally: unsigned articles, or articles signed by virgin names. They are worth two guineas a thousand words, which I am told is a better rate than usual. They cost me more than that, in trouble, even at my R.A.F. rate of 3/6 a day! And no publisher would be moved to publish your work, because it had an unknown man's introduction before it.' Shaw, however, offers his advice and a further clarification of his decision to his correspondent, 'But why should you think an introduction necessary?......Probably the right man will take what you have written on its merits, and that should be much more gratifying than to be helped. I did twice, in the old days, help people by introducing their books: but one, Richard Garnett, was dead, and that pardoned the offence. The other, Doughty, was a special case: I had been trying to persuade all London to reprint him, and at last one beginning-publisher said "I will, if you'll preface it" :- and what could I do? Doughty was very nice about it: but it felt like scratching one's name on Westminster Abbey. Introductions to publishers I will (and do) willingly give. Several people with good stuff have been helped by me into print. It's a matter of knowing the proper tradesmen. Have you tried Cape? He is enterprising, and the best producer of commercial books in London (for format). If you will send me a sample of your stuff I'll see that it reaches his reader (Edward Garnett, a critic of genius) with my opinion. I have no doubt that it's the right stuff: and it should be exactly right for the particular public. If Cape says "NO", I'd suggest Faber and Gwyer for second string: but Cape an easy first. Secker is too difficult: and the big men too staid'. A rare letter of fine content in which Lawrence affirms his desire for anonymity and proves himself to be a good guide in the intricacies behind the scenes of publishing. Some very light creasing and a few minor tape stains to the lower central area of the letter, only very minimally affecting a few words of text and part of the signature, otherwise about VGFollowing his legendary exploits in Arabia, Lawrence had become a household name by the early 1920s and enlisted in the Royal Air Force in August 1922 as an aircraftman under the name John Hume Ross. However, less than a year later, his identity was exposed, and he was forced out of the RAF in February 1923. Changing his name once again, to T. E. Shaw, he repeatedly petitioned to re-join the RAF and was finally readmitted in August 1925. Lawrence's Seven Pillars of Wisdom was published in December 1926 and the renewed publicity it brought resulted in his assignment to bases as Karachi, from where the present letter was written, and Miramshah in British India, where he remained until the end of 1928. Herbert Jonathan Cape (1879-1960) British publisher who founded the London publishing house of Jonathan Cape in 1921, remaining at the head of the firm until 1960. Cape established a reputation for high quality design and production and published a range of English-language authors including Robert Frost, Ian Fleming, James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.Edward Garnett (1868-1937) English writer, critic and literary editor who was instrumental in the publication of D. H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers. Edward Garnett was the son of Richard Garnett (1895-1906) English scholar, librarian, biographer and poet, who is also referenced in the present letter.
‘Russia is in a dreadful state just now and the revolution has played the devil with the army’ WAVELL ARCHIBALD: (1883-1950) British Field Marshal who served in both World War I and World War II, later becoming the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (1943-47). A.L.S., A. P. Wavell, four pages, 8vo, Cranborne, Salisbury, 16th June 1912, to Sergeant Major Johnstone. Wavell sends his congratulations to his correspondent on their promotion, and also thanks him for their letter and photographs of the regiment at the Durbar, commenting 'I heard the battalion did splendidly at Delhi and saw it for myself in the Durbar cinematograph pictures in a theatre in London, The regiment and particularly the guard of honour came out very well, and received a lot of applause from the audience. They looked extraordinarily smart and handled their arms wonderfully well' and also writing of his own work at the War Office ('It doesn't suit me very well living in London, doing office work, and getting little exercise') and previous post in Russia, 'I had a fairly good time in Russia, it is a very interesting country but it was such hard work learning the language…..that I got very tired of it. The best fun I had was 10 days manoeuvres with a Russian corps. Their men are very good, fine physique, well disciplined and very good marchers but stupid and uneducated. The officers are not very good, though very nice people'. Together with a second A.L.S., A. P. Wavell, three pages, 8vo, Cranborne, Salisbury, 18th June 1917, to Johnstone. Wavell reports on his recent military activities, 'They wired from Mesopotamia last October to ask for me to go out there to the battalion and I was very anxious to get back, but they wouldn't let me go from France. I was not far off from Mesopotamia however a short time ago, as I was sent out to the Caucasus last November as military attaché to the Russian army there…..I didn't want to go at all and was very glad to get back. Russia is in a dreadful state just now and the revolution has played the devil with the army', adding that he expects to return to France shortly, and would like to get command of a battalion, and also briefly referring to mutual comrades. Two letters of good content. Some light age wear and a few neat splits at the edges of folds, otherwise about VG, 2 In 1911 Wavell spent a year as a military observer with the Russian Army and in 1912 became a General Staff Officer in the Russian section of the War Office. After visiting manoeuvres at Kiev in the summer of 1913, Wavell was arrested at the Russo-Polish border as a suspected spy, following a search of his Moscow hotel room by the secret police, but managed to remove from his papers an incriminating document listing information wanted by the War Office. In October 1916 Wavell was made an acting Lieutenant-Colonel and assigned as liaison officer to the Russian Army in the Caucasus. In June 1917 he was promoted to brevet Lieutenant-Colonel and continued to work as liaison officer with the Egyptian Expeditionary Force headquarters.
NEUFCHATEAU NICOLAS FRANCOIS DE: (1750-1828) French statesman, poet and agricultural scientist who, during the French Revolution, was elected deputy supplant to the National Assembly and charged with the organisation of the Vosges Department. Neufchateau also served as President of the Legislative Assembly from December 1791 to January 1792. D.S., Francois (de Neufchateau), one page, 4to, Epinal, 31st December 1792, in French. The manuscript document consists of three statements, the first signed by Jean Bernard, a farmer in Punerot, who provided a horse and transport to assist in the delivery of army supplies, explaining that the horse died (as certified by the Captain and Commander of the battalion) whilst in the care of a ploughman, Nicolas Godard, and seeking a compensation payment of one hundred and twenty six pounds, that being the value of the horse according to a report drawn up by the municipal officers of Punerot. The second statement, signed by Barret, Gerardin and Panichot, appears in the upper left margin and represents the judgement of the District Directory, recommending that, according to the provisions of the law of 29th April, the petitioner should be paid the sum of one hundred and twenty six pounds by the public treasury as compensation for his horse which perished whilst in the service of the Republic. At the foot of the page appears the final statement signed by Neufchateau, explaining that he has considered the petition and the opinion of the District Directory and confirms that the Directory of the Department of Vosges will send to the Minister of War a 'priere de prendre la reclamation du petition naire en consideration pour lui procurer le paiement des 126 faisant le prix du cheval perdu au service de la republique' (Translation: 'request to take the petitioner's claim into consideration to procure for him the payment of the 126 representing the price of the horse lost in the service of the republic'). Very slightly irregularly trimmed edges and some light age wear, otherwise VG
JENNINGS CHARLES EDWARD: (1751-1799) Brave Kilmaine. Irish soldier, an active supporter of the French Revolution who served as a brigade and division commander under Napoleon. D.S., Jennings Kilmaine, one page, folio, n.p., n.d. (June 1793), in French. The main body of the document is represented by a L.S. by the financial commissioner of the northern army, performing the functions of chief financial officer of Ardennes, dated 17th June 1793, and certifies that the war commissioner Feres has been employed in the army since the beginning of November 1792 and that 'il a toujours donne des preuves d'un civisme non equivogue, qu'il a constament reste fidele a son poste et n'a pas quitte un seul instant l'armee…..[et]….. il a toujours montre le plus grand attachement pour la cause de la liberte, et pour les interets de la Republique' (Translation: 'he has always given evidence of unequivocal good citizenship, that he has consistently remained faithful to his post and has not left the army for a single moment……[and]……..he has always shown the greatest attachment for the cause of freedom, and for the interests of the Republic'). At the foot of the letter Jennings, in his capacity as General of Division, has added his own manuscript statement, in full, 'Je cerifie que le Citoyen Feres a rempli avec beaucoup de zele et d'intelligence les devoirs de sa charge depuis qu'il sert sous mes ordres' (Translation: 'I certify that Citizen Feres has fulfilled with great zeal and intelligence the duties of his office since he has served under my command'). Some light creasing and minor age wear, VG
![[REIGN OF TERROR]: BILLAUD-VARENNE JACQUES-NICOLAS (1756-1819) French politician and lawyer, one of the key architects of the](https://cdn.globalauctionplatform.com/d9f4f5d5-e853-4d8c-9ccb-b02300a8b7ae/c130aa35-bb5d-4a51-a6be-b02300bb6415/468x382.jpg)
[REIGN OF TERROR]: BILLAUD-VARENNE JACQUES-NICOLAS (1756-1819) French politician and lawyer, one of the key architects of the Reign of Terror and a militant member of the Committee of Public Safety & CARNOT LAZARE (1753-1823) French politician, mathematician and physicist, a member of the Committee of Public Safety and 'Organiser of Victory' in the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. D.S., Billaud Varenne and Carnot, one page, 4to, Paris, 19th November 1793, in French. The manuscript document, issued in the name of the members of the Committee of Public Safety, is addressed to the Minister of War and states, in full, 'Nous vous faisons passer, Citoyen Ministre, une denonciation contre le General Beffroy, envoyee au procureur general du Departement de la Vendee et qui nous a ete adressee par votre collegue Maignen' (Translation: 'We send you, Citizen Minister, a denunciation against General Beffroy, sent to the Attorney General of the Department of Vendee and which was addressed to us by your colleague Maignen'). Some very light, minor staining to the edges and a few spots of foxing, otherwise VGJean Baptiste Noel Bouchotte (1754-1840) French politician and military officer who served as Minister of War 1793-94. Louis Paul de Beffroy (1737-1802) French Brigadier General who served during the French Revolution and who was suspended from duties on 30th September 1793 following the Battle of Chantonnay.
MERLIN DE DOUAI PHILIPPE-ANTOINE: (1754-1838) French politician and lawyer who served as Minister of Justice 1795-96, 1796-97. L.S., Merlin, two pages, small 4to, Paris, 15th April 1797, to the director and jury of the district of Courtray, on the printed stationery of the Criminal Bureau, in French. Merlin de Douai states that he has been informed that the accomplices of Francois Fallambier have been transferred to Courtray, noting that 'ce n'est qu'a l'aide de la surveillance la plus active et la plus suive qu'on est parvenu a empecher l'evasion de ces prevenus qui pendant leur sejours dans la prison de Bethune l'avaient presque demolie et qu'il est a craindre que ces individus ne parviennent enfin a s'echapper si l'on n'apporte a leur garde la plus grande des precautions' (Translation: 'it was only with the aid of the most active and the most consistent supervision that we managed to prevent the escape of these defendants who during their stay in the prison of Bethune had almost demolished it and that it is to be feared that these individuals will finally manage to escape if the greatest precautions are not taken') and further urging his correspondent to liaise with the commissioner of the Executive Directory to take appropriate measures to prevent an event which would spread consternation in neighbouring districts and also instructing him to continue with his investigation into Fallambier and his accomplices. To the third page appears a manuscript response to Merlin de Douai, the author stating that he would have liked to have had the opportunity to study the trial of Salenbier and his many accomplices, but is unable to do so at present as he is recovering in bed and will not be able to start the trial, believing it to be harmful to the public to start such a case and not be able to follow it up. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG
BERNADOTTE JEAN: (1763-1844) French Marshal of the Empire who served during the Napoleonic Wars, later becoming Charles XIV John, King of Sweden and Norway from 1818-44. A.L.S., J Bernadotte, one page, folio, n.p. (Headquarters), 20th September 1795, to Adjutant General [Francois] Mireur, in French. Bernadotte instructs his correspondent to go tomorrow, at 3 o'clock precisely, to a village in order to take command of the vanguard of the division, explaining 'Tu ordonnerais aux troupes sous tes ordres composees du 2nd Regiment d'hussards, du 12e de chasseurs des 2nd Bont. de la 71e & du 2d Bataillon de la 21e demi-brigade d'infanterie legere de prendre les armes a quatre heures precises du matin' (Translation: 'You would order the troops under your command composed of the 2nd Regiment of Hussars, the 12th of Chasseure of the 2nd Bont. Of the 71st and 2nd Battalion of the 21st Light Infantry Demi-Brigade to take up arms at four o'clock sharp in the morning') and further stating 'Aussitot qu'il sera jour, tu pousserais une reconnaissance avec deux escadrons dont l'un d'hussards et l'autre de chasseurs jusqu'ai village de Lauttzosey ou tu t'arreteras. Tu pousseras ensuite un detachement qui se portera sur la chaussee de cassel & l'eclairera. L'injonction de prendre les armes tous les matins a quatre heures aura lieu jusqu'a nouvel ordre' (Translation: 'As soon as it is day, you will carry out a reconnaissance with two squadrons, one of Hussars and the other of Chasseurs, as far as the village of Lauttzosey where you will stop. You will then push a detachment which will go to the Chaussee de Cassel and light it up. The injunction to take up arms every morning at four o'clock will take place until further notice'). Some age wear and irregular edges and some light staining to parts of the text caused by old tape affixed to the verso to reinforce some of the folds. FRFrancois Mireur (1770-1798) French General who served under Bernadotte and later fought in the Italian and Egyptian Campaigns of Napoleon, meeting his death in the latter at the young age of 28.
MASSENA ANDRE: (1758-1817) Prince of Essling, Duke of Rivoli. French military commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, one of the original eighteen Marshals of the Empire created by Napoleon I. D.S., Massena, three pages, 4to, n.p., 24th March 1796, in French. The manuscript document relates to Lieutenant Jacques Elliot and provides certified details of his military service and campaigns. Signed by Massena at the conclusion of the second page in his capacity as Commander of the Vanguard of the Italian Army and countersigned by various members of the administrative council of the 70 Demi-Brigade including Amedee Emmanuel Francois Laharpe (1754-1796) Swiss military officer who served as a volunteer in the French Army during the French Revolutionary Wars, rising to the rank of General of the Revolutionary Army and leading a division in Italy under Napoleon Bonaparte; and Jean Joseph Magdeleine Pijon (1758-1799) French General of the French Revolutionary Wars who commanded a Brigade in Napoleon Bonaparte's French Army of Italy. The third page of the document is devoted to a statement on the health of Elliot. Some very light, minimal age wear, VG
BOURRIENNE LOUIS ANTOINE FAUVELET DE: (1769-1834) French diplomat, remembered for his close relationship with Napoleon Bonaparte, of whom he wrote in detail in his celebrated memoirs. A.L.S., Fauvelet Bourrienne, one page, 8vo, Paris, 21st February n.y. (1800?), to an unidentified correspondent, in French. Bourrienne informs his correspondent that their petition has again been returned to the Ministry of Marine, adding that they should have received a letter in April from the Secretary of the Consuls and that Captain Fain will provide positive information. Bourrienne concludes his letter by remarking 'Je ne concois rien a votre affaire' (Translation: 'I don't understand your business'). Some light age wear and minor staining, G
RUTH BABE: (1895-1948) American baseball player who achieved fame with the New York Yankees. Black fountain pen ink signature ('Babe Ruth') to a Bank of Mexico un peso bank note, the short snorter also dated 30th May 1946 by Ruth. Some light overall age wear, about VGOn 30th May 1946 Ruth, the 'Sultan of Swat', was in attendance at the Parque Delta in Mexico to watch the baseball match between Azules de Veracruz and Alijadores de Tampico. At the invitation of Jorge Pasquel, then president of the Mexican Baseball League, Ruth was invited to give a batting exhibition on the pitch and achieved what has been unofficially recorded as the 715th home run in the player's history.
BERNADOTTE JEAN-BAPTISTE: (1763-1844) French military commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, one of the original eighteen Marshals of the Empire created by Napoleon I. Bernadotte later became King Charles XIV John of Sweden and Norway 1818-44. D.S., J: Bernadotte, two pages, large folio, Rennes, 27th October 1801, in French. The manuscript document, issued by the 82 Demi-Brigade, is a memorandum of proposal for the retirement pay in favour of Lieutenant Francois Moniot 'hors d'etat de continuer son service par suite d'une blessure recue a la jambe droite a l'affaire de Savene' (Translation: 'unable to continue his service following an injury to the right leg received in the Savene affair') and provides details of his military service and campaigns from the age of 18 years in 1776, as well as details of his health following a medical examination. Signed by Bernadotte at the conclusion, adding one line of text in his hand, 'Vu et approuve par le General en Chef de l'armee de s'ouest' (Translation: 'Seen and approved by the General-in-Chief of the Western Army'). Also bearing the countersignatures of various members of the administrative council of the 82 Demi-Brigade. Some light overall age wear and a few small, neat tears and splits to the edges, about VGThe Battle of Savenay took place on 23rd December 1793 and marked the end of the Viree de Galerne operational phase of the first war in the Vendee after the French Revolution. The Republicans suffered thirty fatalities at the Battle and two hundred officers were wounded.
BERTHIER LOUIS-ALEXANDRE: (1753-1815) French Marshal of the Empire who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars and who was chief of staff to Napoleon Bonaparte. L.S., Ml. Berthier, one page, folio, Paris, 5th February 1805, to 'Monsieur le Prefet du Departement de l'Ourte' [i.e. Ourthe, Liege, Belgium], in French. Berthier writes in his capacity as Minister of War and states, in full, 'La reclamation qui vous a ete adressee, Monsieur, par un conscrit designe pour le quart de supplement des voltigeurs, n'est point admissable, parce que le conscrit n'a pas ete mis en activite. Le remboursement de l'indemnite n'est du qu'aux voltigeurs sous les drapeaux' (Translation: 'The complaint which was addressed to you, Sir, by a conscript designated for the quarter of supplement of the Voltigeurs, is not admissible, because the conscript was not placed on active duty. The reimbursement of the indemnity is only due to the Voltigeurs under the flags'). With several ink annotations to the left margin and blank integral leaf. Some light age wear and minor staining to the edges, otherwise VGBerthier served as Minister of War from 1799-1800 and 1800-07.The Voltigeurs were French military skirmish units created by Napoleon in 1804, replacing the second company of fusiliers in each existing infantry battalion.
FOUCHE JOSEPH: (1759-1820) French statesman and revolutionary, a subordinate of Napoleon who served as Minister of Police 1799-1810, March-June & July-September 1815. L.S., Fouche, one page, folio, Paris, 1st June 1806, to an unidentified correspondent ('V[otre] A[ltesse] S[erenissime]), in French. Fouche refers to some documents relating to the 3rd Regiment Battalion Latour d'Auvergne and states, in part, 'La declaration des officiers explique d'une maniere claire et precise les transactions pecuniaires qui ont eu malheuresement lieu......Il me pavait pas que le Major se soit accunement mele de ces affaires d'argent. Les declarations que vont fournir les deux autres bataillons aclieveront d'eclaircir cette affaire' (Translation: 'The statement of the officers explains in a clear and precise manner the pecuniary transactions which unfortunately took place……I was not sorry that the Major had meddled in these money matters. The declarations that the other two battalions are going to provide will help to clarify this affair'). With a few ink annotations and a light oval red ink stamp to the margins. VG
HARDENBERG KARL AUGUST VON: (1750-1822) Prussian statesman who served as Prime Minister of Prussia 1804-06, 1807 & 1810-22. A fine, lengthy A.L.S., Hardenberg, four pages, 4to, Berlin, 25th December 1810, to the Marquis [de Bombelles], in French. Hardenberg acknowledges receipt of his correspondent's letter, and thanks the Marquis for their sentiments and friendship, further remarking 'Dans une position aussi difficile que la notre, avec des obligations enormes a remplir pour sauver l'etat, il n'est pas possible, ni d'eviter les charges et les mesures onereuses, ni de prevenir les murmures et le mecontentement. Il ne s'agit que de trouver les moindres maux d'entre ceux qui sont indispensables et certes, le sort d'un administrateur n'est pas digne d'envie, qui est destine a remplir cette tache desagreable' (Translation: 'In a position as difficult as ours, with enormous obligations to fulfil in order to save the state, it is not possible either to avoid burdensome charges and measures, or to prevent murmurings and discontent. It is only a question of finding the lesser evils of those which are indispensable and certainly, the fate of an administrator is not worthy of envy, who is destined to fulfil this unpleasant task') and continuing to reflect 'Vous n'avez pas d'idee, Monsieur le Marquis, combien mon coeur en souffre et j'ai besoin de me rappeler a toute heure, que nous ne devons ecouter que notre devoir et ne pas nous refuser a suffire a notre vocation......Qu'il y ait des plaintes ameres sur les nouveaux Edits, - je m'y suis attendu, mais on les trouvera moins onereux, on en sera plus satisfait, quand on sera a meme de juger de l'Ensemble du systeme, lorsque nombre de mesentendus seront leves et que les preventions seront refutees par l'experience; que les modifications, nullement exclues d'apres ce qu'exigent des circonstances locales ou particulieres, auront eu lieu. De toutes les provinces de la monarchie, la Silesie aura moins raison de se plaindre, que toute autre. Jusqu'a ce que tout ceci puisse avoir lieu, il faut de l'obeissance et de la confiance dans le Gouvernment..... Quant a la suppression des communautes religieuses, elle frappe a la fois celles de la religion protestante comme celles des catholiques, elle est generale et dictee par la necessite. On n'a qu'a lire fugitivement l´Edit pour se convaincre que ni l'essentiel de la religion, ni la liberte de conscience, ne peuvent en souffrir…..La meme mesure a ete prise souvent et presque generalement dans les Etats purement catholiques, les Papes meme en ont donne frequemment l'exemple. Si en l'executant, on s'est ecarte de la teneur claire de l'edit et des intentions du Roi, c'est uniquement la faute de ceux qui sont appeles par un devoir sacre a y veiller et a s'y conformer' (Translation: 'You have no idea, Monsieur le Marquis, how much my heart suffers from it and I need to remind myself at all times that we must only listen to our duty and not refuse to fulfil our vocation…..That there will be bitter complaints about the new Edicts, - I expected it, but they will be found less burdensome, we will be more satisfied, when we will be able to judge the whole of the system, when many misunderstandings will be cleared up and the prejudices will be refuted by experience; that the modifications, by no means excluded according to what local or particular circumstances require, will have taken place. Of all the provinces of the monarchy, Silesia will have less reason to complain than any other. Until all this can take place, obedience and confidence in the Government are necessary…..As for the suppression of religious communities, it strikes both those of the Protestant religion as well as those of the Catholics, it is general and dictated by necessity. We only have to read the Edict fleetingly, to convince ourselves that neither the essentials of religion, nor freedom of conscience, can suffer from it……The same measure has been taken often and almost generally in purely Catholic states, even the Popes have frequently given the example. If, in executing it, we have deviated from the clear content of the edict and from the King's intentions, it is solely the fault of those who are called by a sacred duty to watch over it and to comply with it'). Hardenberg continues to reassure his correspondent regarding some misinformation and the proposed granting of a title, 'J'estime et j'honore, Mr. de Massow. Son autorite est et sera augmentee, il est a la tete de la commission chargee de la suppression des couvents; et j'ai envie de croire qu'on vous a donne des informations fausses, Monsieur le Marquis.....Ce sont eux, que je viens egalement de charger de la recherche des faits dont vous me parlez. Quelle que soit du reste ma consideration pour Mr. de Massow, je n'ai pu proposer au Roi de lui accorder la distinction dont vous faites mention......parce qu'en general, le Roi, entre nous soit dit, n'aime pas trop a donner cette sorte de distinctions. Je n'oublierai pas d'en procurer d'autres a M. de M. quand les circonstances seront favorables, soyez-en sur' (Translation: 'I esteem and honour Mr. de Massow. His authority is and will be increased, he is at the head of the commission in charge of the suppression of the convents; and I want to believe that you have been given false information, Monsieur le Marquis…..They are the ones I have also just entrusted with the investigation of the facts you are telling me about. Whatever may be my consideration for Mr. de Massow, I could not propose to the King to grant him the distinction which you mention……because in general, the King, between us is said, does not like to give these kinds of distinctions. I will not forget to procure others for M. de M. when circumstances are favourable, be sure of that'). A letter of excellent content. Some very light, minor creasing to the edges and a couple of small tears to the upper edges (professionally repaired). About VGMarc Marie, Marquis de Bombelles (1744-1822) French diplomat and ecclesiastic who, at the time of the present letter, had become a priest in Prussian Silesia.Julius Eberhard von Massow (1750-1816) Prussian lawyer and politician, responsible for the spiritual affairs of certain Prussian provinces.
‘My mind has been made up, & a plan formed upon every point that can occur’ WELLINGTON DUKE OF: (1769-1852) Anglo-Irish Field Marshal, the Victor of Waterloo, 1815. British Prime Minister 1828-30, 1834. A good, lengthy A.L.S., Wellington, five pages, 4to, Elvas, Portugal, 29th May 1811 ('9 AM'), to General Sir Brent Spencer. Wellington thanks Spencer for the intelligence from Captain Grant 'which confirms the notion which I had that the enemy had not made any serious movement this way excepting with the Battalions of the 9th Corps' and continues to inform him that 'In respect to Almeida the Portuguese Govt. propose to repair the place entirely eventually; & in the meantime to occupy it as a port. In order to do this it will be necessary to remove the rubbish……& the Portuguese Govt. are sending men & tools &c to perform this work; & Beresford has ordered militia to occupy the place', further adding 'Although Mr. French was employed to survey & report upon the existing state of the place, & Col. Fletcher gave him an opinion which it was interested he should convey to the Portuguese engineers regarding the mode of rendering it a port for the present. I was desirous to avoid that any of the British engineers, or any of the regular troops of the army should be employed either in setting it to rights, or in occupying it, accepting the latter only till the militia garrison should arrive; and for this reason I never troubled you upon the subject, intending to write to you about it, when all should be prepared by the Portuguese authorities….' and explaining 'My reason for this was, that knowing that it might be necessary to abandon Almeida before it could be put to rights…..or that you might collect your troops……I did not want to be embarrassed by leaving regular troops to take care of Almeida, or on the other hand to incur the disgrace of abandoning an object which I had manifested an intention of occupying', continuing 'I think therefore it will be best to leave matters as they are at Almeida; keeping Park's brigade there & thereabouts till the militia will arrive to take their post; unless you should find it necessary to collect your force & withdraw…….My mind has been made up, & a plan formed upon every point that can occur; & generally speaking it is desirable that until you will hear from me you should not make any alteration in the general situation of affairs'. With blank integral leaf. A letter of good military content. Some light age wear, a few minor stains and one very small, neat split at the lower edge of a fold, VGBrent Spencer (c.1760-1828) Anglo-Irish General who served in the American Revolutionary War and French Revolutionary Wars and, during the Peninsular War, served as Wellington's second-in-command.Wellington's letter is written in the aftermath of the Siege of Almeida (July-August 1810) when the French Corps of Marshal Michel Ney captured the border fortress from Brigadier General William Cox's Portuguese garrison. The siege ended dramatically when a chance shell ignited the main gunpowder magazine, which exploded, killing 500 defenders and destroying most of the town.
PERCY PIERRE-FRANCOIS: (1754-1825) French doctor and surgeon who served as surgeon-in-chief of Napoleon's Grande Armee and invented a new kind of ambulance, known as a 'wurst', for use on the battlefield. A.L.S., Percy, one page, 4to, Paris, 4th February 1812, to His Excellency, on the printed stationery of the Departement de la Guerre, in French. Percy writes in his capacity as Inspector General of the military health service and recommends that Assistant Major Quincieux, a doctor at the faculty of medicine in Paris, be promoted to the rank of Major Surgeon 's'etant distingue dans tous les tems et dans toutes les occurences' (Translation: 'having distinguished himself at all times and in all occurences'). A note in the margin indicates that Quincieux's promotion was granted. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VGAt the time of the present letter Napoleon was making preparations for the French invasion of Russia, which commenced in June 1812 and ended with a French defeat five months later.
‘A courier has been intercepted charged with dispatches; among them is a letter from Napoleon to the Senate’ [NAPOLEONIC WARS]: DISBROWE EDWARD CROMWELL (1790-1851) British politician and diplomat attached to Sir Charles Stuart during the Peninsular War. A.L.S., with his initials ECD, four pages, folio, Prague, 20th - 23rd September 1813, to Sir Charles Stuart. The informative letter is Disbrowe's retained draft copy of a letter containing intelligence reports and states, in part, 'Bonaparte at the recommencement of hostilities conceived the army of Blucher to be the main army & accordingly advanced in person with a strong force into Lusatia & pushed that General who had boldly advanced in order to deceive him, as far back as the Katzbach. Had Schwartzenberg (sic) profited by that error & stormed Dresden with about 60,000 men whom he could have immediately collected it is probable that that city would have fallen. Time however was lost…..in order to make a coup de main with 200,000 men. B[onapart]e returned & we failed, the loss of the allies in the disgraceful retreat amounted to from 30 to 40,000 men……another cause of failure was that Barclay de Tolly refused to obey Schwartzenberg……After two disastrous attempts on Teplitz Bona[part]e in person directed a third attack on the 17th & was soon completely foiled. The Young Guard is almost completely destroyed…..It is not supposed that he has any real intention of penetrating into Bohemia but of occupying the attention of this army while he attacks Blucher or the Prince Royal though the other idea that it his intention at length to retire…..is rendered more probable by the circumstances of his withdrawing his ammunition…..The defeat of Ney by the Prince Royal is of the last importance……Of Blucher's successes you are undoubtedly informed…..the General's son, Colonel Blucher is wounded & taken prisoner. Vandamme was flogged by a Cossack for insolence to the Emperor…..& has been insulted & spit upon wherever he has made his appearance…..Vandamme is sent to Siberia by desire of the Gd. Duke Constantine…..A courier has been intercepted charged with dispatches; among them is a letter from Napoleon to the Senate in wh. he says that the Russians have advanced in such force that unless he is immediately reinforced that he must fall back to the Rhine & that the French nation must rise in mass to support him. Another document of importance is also intercepted, an answer to the declaration of war by Austria interlined by Bonaparte's own hand…..Bonaparte has denounced Vandamme as a coward, has erased his name from the List of the French Army & confiscated his possessions. His temper seems to know no bounds……..Bavaria is believed to have joined the alliance ag[ains]t France, the confirmation is momentarily expected. The Grand Army is again advancing. We must have a little patience, everything looks very promising. No battle ought to be given unless the whole of the French line can be attacked at once by the Gd. Army & those of the Prince Royal & of Blucher…..if it can be postponed until Bonaparte commences a retreat which he cannot much longer delay it is more likely to be crowned with complete success….' In a postscript Disbrowe further remarks 'I should think that Stettin cannot hold out much longer as it was nearly starved before the Armistice was signed & as the Govr. broke the Armistice he has not been supplied with the provisions stipulated for in the treaty'. A letter of interesting content, rich in its references to various individuals and places associated with the Napoleonic Wars, not least Napoleon Bonaparte himself. Some very light, minor age wear and a few stains, VGCharles Stuart (1779-1845) 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay. British diplomat who served as Ambassador to France 1815-24, 1828-30 and as Ambassador to Russia 1841-44.Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) French military commander and political leader who served as Emperor of the French 1804-14, 1815.Gebhard Lebrecht von Blucher (1742-1819) Prussian Field Marshal who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg (1771-1820) Austrian Generalissimo who was in command of the allied army that defeated Napoleon I decisively at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813.Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (1761-1818) Imperial Russian soldier who was commander-in-chief and Minister of War of the Russian Empire during Napoleon's invasion in 1812. Charles XIV John (1763-1844) Jean Bernadotte. Marshal of France who was elected as Crown Prince of Sweden in 1810 and later became King of Sweden and Norway 1818-44. Michel Ney (1769-1815) French military commander and a Marshal of the Empire. Franz Ferdinand Joachim Blucher von Wahlstatt (1778-1829) Prussian Major General, son of Gebhard Lebrecht von Blucher. Dominique Vandamme (1770-1830) French General who fought in the Napoleonic Wars and who publicly criticised Napoleon.
‘Letters….from Soult have been intercepted from which it appears that the officer is most extremely apprehensive of an immediate attack from Lord Wellington’ [NAPOLEONIC WARS]: DISBROWE EDWARD CROMWELL (1790-1851) British politician and diplomat attached to Sir Charles Stuart during the Peninsular War. A.L.S., with his initials ECD, three pages, folio, Frankfurt, 9th November 1813, to Sir Charles Stuart. The informative letter is Disbrowe's retained draft copy of a letter containing intelligence reports and states, in part, 'The Head Quarters have remained here since last Friday. The reserve of the army is concentrated in this neighbourhood. Count Walmoden (sic) was still in the vicinity of Domitz on the 2nd watching Marshal Davoust who it is reported has since retired into Holland. The Crown Prince of Sweden is marching on Hanover but he has detached Bulow……Marshal Blucher was at Limbourg yesterday & is advancing in the direction of Cologne. Marshal Schwartzenberg (sic) left this place today in order to drive the French out of Hochheim where their only Corps on this side of the Rhine is stationed. It is probable that Bonaparte did not cross that river with more than 50,000 men & according to some accounts his force did not exceed 35,000……Genl. Wade took about 7,000 prisoners…….the brunt of the affair fell on Bonaparte's old Guard which has suffered most considerably & they were certainly the finest Corps he had. He remained a day & an half here during the whole time the Armies were fighting across the river for the possession of the bridge……By intercepted letters it appears that nearly 150,000 conscripts out of the 280,000…..(are)….at the Central Depot. So that something must be done on this side immediately, but unfortunately we have so many Commanders-in-Chief that in proportion as the manoeuvres become complicated & require decision we shall probably vacillate, for besides 2 Emperors & a King we may reckon Marshals Schwartzenberg & Blucher, the Crown Prince of Sweden, Genls. Barclay de Tolly & Benningsen (sic) among that number. Letters….from Soult have been intercepted from which it appears that the officer is most extremely apprehensive of an immediate attack from Lord Wellington & he ends by saying that the longer it is delayed the less apprehensive he shall be of the result. Letters from those quarters make great complaints of the exactions & contributions Soult has levied in France. A report from Bon. Thuyunot (sic; Baron Thouvenot) Comte of Bayonne mentions “that those inhabitants who had fled in consequence of the advance of the English have returned to their habitations relying on a promise of good treatment which he adds that they certainly have met with a circumstance likely to prove very favourable to the English in case they invade France & recommends the adoption of some measures to compel the inhabitants to fly”. The communication with Ld. Wellington by spies which you hinted at in a letter to me…….has been adopted, with what success I do not know'. In a postscript Disbrowe further writes, in part, 'Witgenstein (sic) continues to watch…..Benningsen who has been joined by the Garrison of Theresienstadt (i.e. Terezin) & has undertaken the siege of Dresden….Stettin & Wittenberg will probably very soon fall…..' and also makes reference to Lord Aberdeen and others who are presently in Frankfurt. A letter of interesting content, rich in its references to various individuals and places associated with the Napoleonic Wars. Some very light, extremely minor age wear and a small, neat split at the base of the central fold, VGCharles Stuart (1779-1845) 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay. British diplomat who served as Ambassador to France 1815-24, 1828-30 and as Ambassador to Russia 1841-44.Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn (1769-1862) Austrian General of the Cavalry.Louis-Nicolas Davout (1770-1823) French military commander and Marshal of the Empire. Charles XIV John (1763-1844) Jean Bernadotte. Marshal of France who was elected as Crown Prince of Sweden in 1810 and later became King of Sweden and Norway 1818-44. Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bulow (1755-1816) Prussian General. Gebhard Lebrecht von Blucher (1742-1819) Prussian Field Marshal who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg (1771-1820) Austrian Generalissimo who was in command of the allied army that defeated Napoleon I decisively at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813.Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) French military commander and political leader who served as Emperor of the French 1804-14, 1815.Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (1761-1818) Imperial Russian soldier who was commander-in-chief and Minister of War of the Russian Empire during Napoleon's invasion in 1812. Levin August von Bennigsen (1745-1826) German General in the service of the Russian Empire. Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769-1851) 1st Duke of Dalmatia. French General and statesman, a Marshal of the Empire. Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852) 1st Duke of Wellington. Anglo-Irish soldier who is among the commanders who won and ended the Napoleonic Wars when the Seventh Coalition defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.Pierre Thouvenot (1757-1817) French General famous for his defence of Bayonne in 1814.Peter Wittgenstein (1769-1843) German Prince and Field Marshal in the Imperial Russian Army during the Napoleonic Wars.George Hamilton-Gordon (1784-1860) 4th Earl of Aberdeen. British statesman and diplomat who served as British Ambassador to Austria 1813-14 from where he organised and financed the Sixth Coalition that defeated Napoleon.
MONCEY BON-ADRIEN JEANNOT DE: (1754-1842) 1st Duke of Conegliano. French Marshal of the Empire, a prominent commander in the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. A.L.S., Le Mal. duc de Conegliano, three pages, 4to, La Vaivre, 8th June 1821, to Baulmont, in French. Moncey states that he has been lazy in not writing, and informs his friend that he has finally found a chief for his rural train, and hopes that he will benefit from it, explaining 'Il'est un frere de notre percepteur du canton de Moncey, il est ne en silegie, n'a que 26 ans, mais de la conduite de l'honnetete, quelques experiences agricoles specialement dans la tenure du betail rouge.....et il est ce qu'il me faut ici' (Translation: 'He is a brother of our collector in the canton of Moncey, he was born in Silegia, is only 26 years old, although conducts himself with honesty, some agricultural experience especially in the tenure of red cattle…..and he is what I need here'). Moncey continues to add that he has received a box containing the riding coat which was discussed in his correspondent's presence, although the shirts which were sent haven't arrived, noting that his money is almost exhausted, and also remarking 'Nous n'avons plue ni seigle, ni orge, il faut mettre de cette derniere dans le pain des gens et en donnant de la graine a mes vignerons, je leur rend le service de joindre a une mesure de froment, une mesure de seigle, a deffaut de cette denree je donnerai de l'orge; soit donc dans cet objet, soit pour l'usage dans ma maison, je viens vous prier de me faire acheter a Vesoul une bonne voiture d'orge (la derniere etait tres belle) que j'enverrai chercher' (Translation: 'We have no more rye or barley, we must put the latter in people's bread and by giving seed to my winegrowers, I render them the service of adding to a measure of wheat, a measure of rye, in the absence of this food I will give barley; either for this purpose or for use in my house. I come to ask you to buy me a good barley cart at Vesoul (the last one was very beautiful) which I will send for'). Some light overall age wear, VG
![Churchill attempts the censorship of Sherwoodon matters ‘disparaging to me personally or to my son’ [CHURCHILL WINSTON S.]: (](https://cdn.globalauctionplatform.com/d9f4f5d5-e853-4d8c-9ccb-b02300a8b7ae/99fd2a48-e788-4e86-8f0f-b02300bb90ae/468x382.jpg)
Churchill attempts the censorship of Sherwoodon matters ‘disparaging to me personally or to my son’ [CHURCHILL WINSTON S.]: (1874-1965) British Prime Minister 1940-45, 1951-55. Nobel Prize winner for Literature, 1953. SHERWOOD ROBERT (1896-1955) American playwright and screenwriter who served as a speechwriter for Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II. Sherwood recounted the experience in his Pulitzer Prize winning book Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History (1948). A fascinating archive of telegrams and letters between Sherwood and Lord Beaverbrook, including (in chronological order) - (i) Original typed telegram (received copy) from Sherwood, one page, oblong 8vo, New York, 11th June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, on the printed stationery of Canadian Pacific Telegraphs, stating, in part, 'Very anxious talk to you about urgent cable from eminent friend [Winston S. Churchill] in London raising furious questions about my book', and asking if he can talk to Beaverbrook the following morning. (ii) Original typed telegram (received copy) from Sherwood, one page, 4to, New York, 12th June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, on the printed stationery of Canadian National Telegraphs, stating, in part, 'Following is the text I referred to Quote It would not be right for you to publish a detailed account of my Conferences in Moscow of August 1942. Harry [Hopkins] was not present Your story is only based on the report of Averell [Harriman] a copy of which was found among Harrys confidential papers Stop This Government should certainly be consulted before any such disclosures were made Stop Pray let me know whether you have already obtained consent of the President and State Department as well as that of Everell (sic) to the publication of these secret discussions Unquote……Should greatly appreciate your views on the quoted portion of the message'. (iii) Original typed telegram (received copy) from Sherwood, two pages, 4to, New York, 16th June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, on the printed stationery of Canadian National Telegraphs, again relaying a message from Churchill, in part, 'Last night I received a straight message cable….from Kent as follows Quote [I] have further considered your text and propose to submit it to H. M. Government Stop I do not think they will agree to the disclosures of the conference of August Nineteen Forty Two I also object to this Stop With regards to Hopkins diary concerning [Anthony] Eden conversations with him it would be improper to publish these without Eden's consent Stop It does not rest with me to give you any permission to publish quotations from the various telegrams quoted from me to Roosevelt Hopkins and Stalin Stop These must belong to H. M. Government Stop Finally I append in my following cable notes on matters of secondary importance some of which are merely disparaging to me personally or to my son others which are prejudicial to Anglo American interests at the present time Stop Many of these are not founded on facts Stop I feel confident that for your own reputation you will delay publication till these issues have been satisfactorily dealt with Stop The present text would certainly lead to much painful controversy both official and personal…..', Sherwood concluding by informing Beaverbrook that he is seeking legal advice before replying 'to this amazing message'. (iv) T.L.S., Bob, two pages, 4to, Sutton Place (New York), 16th June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, marked Personal and Confidential. Sherwood refers to his telegram and Churchill's message to him and adds that somebody had tried to telephone him at 1.00am British time ('So perhaps there was an attempt made to telephone me from Chartwell before the cable was despatched') and further remarking 'I am completely at a loss to understand what is “disparaging” to WSC personally but the reference to “my son” refers undoubtedly to something written by Harry at Casablanca, - a reference to Randolph in a conversation with WSC….That is the kind of thing that I would have omitted had I been asked to do so in the usual, courteous manner', also asking for Beaverbrook's recollections of talks with Harry Hopkins in Washington in July 1944, relative to a lend lease to Great Britain following V-E Day, 'Since Harry's efforts as regards Phase Two were of tremendous importance in the light of events following Roosevelt's death, I should certainly like to have more enlightenment on this subject', and concluding by remarking that a first installment of the Hopkins material has appeared in The Sunday Express and that 'It occurs to me as remotely possible that this…..may have had something to do with the amazingly intemperate and ill-mannered outburst from Chartwell'. (v) Original typed telegram (received copy) from Sherwood, one page, 4to, New York, 18th June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, on the printed stationery of Canadian National Telegraphs. Sherwood informs Beaverbrook that he has received two more communications from Churchill, which he proceeds to quote from, in part, 'I have not yet received an answer from you to my latest cable which is of an urgent character. In the meantime quite apart from our personal correspondence His Majesty's Government tells me that they have read the first installments of your work appearing in The Sunday Express and they note much confidential material is being used They are therefore making inquiries…..as to whether the United States government have been consulted and what the book contains', and also adds that he would very much welcome a telephone conversation with Beaverbrook on the subject. (vi) Original contemporary typed copy of a telegram from Sherwood, one page, oblong 8vo, n.p. (New York), n.d. (21st June 1948), to Winston S. Churchill. Sherwood states that his 'detailed comments on your specific points' are being sent to Churchill via air mail, although in the meantime clarifies that he will omit the references to Randolph Churchill, as well as Churchill's own attitude toward press conferences and also Eden's comments on the reception of speeches, adding 'As to Stalin statement quoted by Willkie I of course agree that the statement was a falsehood and this is exposed and refuted in my book……However I shall be careful to insure this is entirely clear' and concluding by congratulating Churchill on the reviews of The Gathering Storm. (vii) T.L.S., Bob, one page, 4to, Sutton Place (New York), 23rd June 1948, to Lord Beaverbrook, sending the copy of the final cable to Churchill ('I have had no reply to this to date') and also referring to quotations he will be making from two letters written by Beaverbrook to Harry Hopkins in October and November 1944.Together with two other related pieces. A remarkable grouping of extraordinary content relating to Churchill's attempted censorship, on both a political and personal level, of Robert Sherwood. File holes to the left edges of each document, only very slightly affecting a few words of text, and with some light overall age wear, generally about VG, 11OWING TO LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY THE SALEROOM THE COMPLETE DESCRIPTION FOR THIS LOT CAN NOT BE DISPLAYED. PLEASE REFER TO IAA EUROPE FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.
MONTGOMERY B.L.: (1887-1976) British Field Marshal of World War II. Vintage signed 8.5 x 6.5 photograph of Montgomery seated outdoors in a full-length pose, wearing his uniform and beret, at the centre of a group consisting of seven other men, one of them Lieutenant General Sir Brian Horrocks (1895-1985), and most of the others civic dignitaries. Photograph by Kemsley Newspapers Ltd of Manchester and bearing their credit stamp to the verso. Signed ('Montgomery of Alamein, Field-Marshal') by Montgomery in bold blue fountain pen ink to a light area at the base of the image and dated April 1947 in his hand. About EX
MONTGOMERY B. L.: (1887-1976) British Field Marshal of World War II. Vintage signed 4 x 5.5 photograph of Montgomery standing outdoors in a three-quarter length pose, in Gstaad, accompanied by several other gentleman, one of them presumably Paul Loosi, the president of the Gstaad Ski Club and director of tourism in Gstaad. Signed ('Montgomery of Alamein F.M.') by Montgomery in bold blue fountain pen ink to a clear area at the head of the image. Together with an A.L.S. by John Hopkins, a member of Montgomery's staff, one page, 4to, Paris, 15th July 1954, to [Paul] Loosi, stating, in full, 'Herewith the photograph you sent the Field Marshal for signature. You will see that he has duly signed it. I hope that all goes well with you, and that Gstaad is looking as lovely as ever'. Also including a T.L.S. by Major Noel Chavasse, A.D.C. to Montgomery, one page, 8vo, Whitehall, 13th March 1947, to Paul Loosi, on the printed stationery of The War Office. Chavasse states that he has given the Membership Card and badges to Montgomery and continues to remark 'England is at the moment a very dismal picture after Switzerland. The snow is at long last disappearing but it is still very cold, and even while it was here it was not the snow to ski on'. Accompanied by the original envelope. Further including five envelopes hand addressed by Montgomery to Paul Loosi in Gstaad, one signed ('Field-Marshal Montgomery') by Montgomery to the verso, postmarked between 1948-51. Some light age wear and a few tears to the envelopes, the photograph and letters VG, 8
MONTGOMERY B. L.: (1887-1976) British Field Marshal of World War II. Vintage signed 5.5 x 3.5 photograph depicting Montgomery, wearing his beret, standing in a three-quarter length pose alongside Brian Horrocks. Signed ('B. L. Montgomery, Field-Marshal') in bold black fountain pen ink to a light area at the base of the image. The official War Office photograph is dated 27th February 1945 to the verso and is further annotated in ink to the verso indicating that the image was captured in the Reich Wald and that one of the men in the background is Montgomery's ADC. Some traces of former mounting to the verso, and with a crease to the lower left corner, only slightly touching the signature. About VG
TUCK ROBERT STANFORD: (1916-1987) British Wing Commander, fighter pilot, flying ace and test pilot who participated in the Battle of Britain during World War II. Selection of signed printed images of various sizes (11 x 9 and smaller), evidently neatly removed from books or magazines, and one signed colour postcard photograph, the different images depicting Hawker Hurricane aircraft in flight, Tuck in various poses in his uniform, others showing him with fellow members of 257 Squadron etc. All are signed by Tuck in black ink, mostly with his name alone, and to clear areas of the images. A few light, minor creases, generally VG, 9
BADER DOUGLAS: (1910-1982) British World War II Ace (22.5 victories), recognised for his important role during the Battle of Britain. Signed First Day of Issue cover commemorating the 75th Founding Anniversary of Veterans of Foreign Wars 1899-1974, with a related postage stamp, cancelled at Washington DC, 11th March 1974. Signed by Bader in black ink with his name alone to a clear area. Together with Cecil Harcourt (1892-1959) British Admiral of World War II who served as the de facto Governor of Hong Kong as commander-in-chief and head of the military administration 1945-46. Autograph statement signed, Cecil Harcourt, Vice Admiral, one page, 8vo, Chesham Street, London, 30th January 1948, being a letter of testimonial for Lieutenant P. J. W. Cruttenden, the man who pulled Douglas Bader free from his crashed aircraft in the 1931 flying accident which cost Bader his legs. Harcourt states, in full, 'Lieutenant P. J. W. Cruttenden, RNVR served under my command from January to December 1947 as Senior Pilot of the Fleet Requirement Unit at Malta. Not only is he a very experienced and reliable aviator, but he was also a very good influence in the Squadron and took charge well. He is recommended for any position of responsibility and trust'. Also including two different original sepia 9 x 6.5 and 6 x 9.5 photographs, each depicting the wreckage of Bader's Bulldog Mk. IIA aircraft following his crash at Woodley Airfield on 14th December 1931. An unusual and interesting group. Some light, minimal age wear, G to generally VG, 4
HANNAH JOHN: (1921-1947) Scottish Flight Sergeant of World War II, Victoria Cross winner for his actions over Antwerp, Belgium, 15th September 1940. At the age of eighteen years, Hannah was the youngest recipient of the Victoria Cross for aerial operations and the youngest for World War II. An extremely rare A.L.S., J Hannah V.C. (Sgt)., one page, 8vo, Sergeants Mess, RAF Cottesmore, Rutland, 7th July 1941, to Raymond Blunden. Hannah apologises for not being able to oblige his correspondent with a photograph, explaining 'I have had so many requests I have run out of supplies and can't get any more owing to rationing of certain substances'. Autographs of Hannah are extremely rare in any form as a result of his untimely death at the age of 25. Some light creasing and minor age wear to the corners, otherwise VG
GIBSON GUY: (1918-1944) British airman of World War II, Wing Commander of 617 Squadron. Victoria Cross winner for his actions during Operation Chastise (The Dambusters Raid) on the Mohne and Eder Dams in Germany, 16th May 1943. An excellent, rare dark fountain pen ink signature ('Guy P Gibson') on a 12mo (8 x 11 cm) page removed from an autograph album. Some very light, minor show through from the ink verse and signature to the verso, dated 25th August 1943 and in the hand of an unidentified individual (most likely a friend or relative of the album's original owner). Accompanied by a limited edition 10 x 8 monochrome print of Gibson's Lancaster by artist Robert Taylor. Matted in light grey to an overall size of 12.5 x 10.5. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG, 2
PIERREPOINT ALBERT: (1905-1992) English hangman, responsible for the execution of 200 people who had been convicted of war crimes in Germany and Austria, as well as high treason, including William Joyce (Lord Haw-Haw). Pierrepoint also executed a number of high-profile murderers including John Haigh, John Christie and Ruth Ellis. A scarce World War II date vintage signed 2.5 x 3.5 photograph, the image depicting Pierrepoint standing outdoors in a full-length pose alongside his assistant Harry Kirk at the Alameda Botanic Gardens, Signed ('A. Pierrepoint') by Pierrepoint in black fountain pen ink to the verso, further adding the name ('H. Kirk') of his assistant in his hand, as well as the place and date, Gibraltar, 11th January 1944. Some light staining to the left edge of the image, a few corner creases and light dust staining and age wear to the verso, GHarry Kirk (1894-1967) English hangman, assistant to Pierrepoint on many occasions.On 11th January 1944 Pierrepoint and Kirk carried out the executions of 23-year-old Luis Lopez Cordon Cuenca and 19-year-old Jose Martin Munoz in Gibraltar. The two Spaniards, from La Linea de la Concepcion, had been recruited by the Abwehr, the German intelligence service, and were hanged for offences of sabotage committed during World War II.
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