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[WAGNER RICHARD]: (1813-1883) German composer. The rare personal printed oblong 12mo Visiting Card of Wagner, unsigned, simply featuring his printed name to the centre and with no address indicated. One heavy vertical fold to the centre and with some other light creases and a few very small, minor stains. FR

MARCEAU MARCEL: (1923-2007) French actor and mime artist. Signed 8 x 10 photograph, the vintage image depicting Marceau seated in a half-length pose. Signed in bold blue fountain pen ink to a light area at the base of the image, also adding his character name, Bip, a small drawing of a flower, and the date 1986 in his hand. Signed photographs depicting Marceau not wearing his Bip the Clown costume are rare. VG

HENRY VIII: (1491-1547) King of England 1509-47. A good, rare D.S., Henry R, as King, at the head, one page (vellum), slim oblong 8vo (23.5 x 11 cm), given under the King's signet at Windsor Castle, 2nd January 1514. The manuscript warrant is addressed to Sir Andrew Windsor ('To our trusty and welbeloved Ser Andrew Wyndesore, knight, keper of our great wardrope') and commands him to deliver unto Lord Curson fourteen yards of crimson velvet for a gown and as much black budge as shall suffice for furring the same ('We wooll and commaunde you that unto the lorde Kurson ye deliver xiiij yerdes of Crimson velvett for a gowne and asmoche blacke boogi as schall suffice for furring of the same gowne'). With an early ninteenth century filing annotation ('60') to the upper left corner and the blank lower left corner neatly excised. Some very light, minor age wear, VGAndrew Windsor (1467-1543) 1st Baron Windsor. English peer and politician, Keeper of the Great Wardrobe 1504-43. Windsor played a significant part in King Henry VIII's military expedition to France in 1513 and was present at the Battle of the Spurs (16th August 1513) after which he was among the first to be advanced as Knights Bannerets. In 1514 Windsor attended Mary Tudor, the King's sister, on her journey to France for her marriage to King Louis XII and signed the marriage and peace treaties with France in 1518. Windsor attended the Field of the Cloth of Gold summit meeting between King Henry VIII and King Francis I in June 1520. Sir Robert Curson (c.1460-1535) Lord Curson. English soldier and courtier at the court of King Henry VIII, and also that of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. Curson was publicly proclaimed a traitor from the pulpit at Paul’s Cross on 21st October 1501, although astonishingly escaped punishment. In 1509 his annual fee was set at £400 and it remained so until 1520, when he (or his son Robert) were present at the Field of Cloth of Gold. Although he never became an English peer, his title Lord Curson appears to have been recognized at court from around 1513.

BOSCO JOHN: (1815-1888) Don Bosco. Italian Roman Catholic Priest, Educator and Writer. He developed teaching methods based on love rather than punishment, a method known as the Salesian Preventive System. Founder of the Salesians of Don Bosco. Canonized as a saint in 1934. Rare A.L.S., `Obbl.[igatissi]mo Servitore Sac. G. Bosco´, three pages, small 4to, Turin, 15th May 1870, to Countess Callori, in Italian. Bosco thanks his correspondent for her help and charity and refers to his recent trip stating `Benemerita Signora Contessa, la sua lettera mi venne a raggiungere in Mornese che é il Paradiso terrestre della Provincia Acquese - Ella abbonda in bontá e carité ed io la ringrazio. Il mio viaggio fu ottimo. Cessazione dalle ordinarie occupazioni, un po´ piu di riposo, buoni pranzi mi hanno fatto benissimo, al corpo s´intende-…´ (Translation: “Well-deserving Madam Countess, your letter reached me in Mornese which is the earthly paradise of the Acquese Province - You abound in goodness and charity and I thank you. My trip was excellent. Cessation from ordinary occupations, a little more rest, good lunches have done me very well, for the body of course -…”) Saint John Bosco further unusually recommends a relative, saying `Le mando unito un biglietto pel benevolo cav. Giacosa. E´ la prima volta che raccomando un parente; glielo avevo promesso come premio e lo fo perché lo ha guadagnato…´ (Translation: “I am also sending you a note for the kind gentleman Giacosa. It's the first time I've recommended a relative; I promised it to him as a reward and I do it because he deserved it…”) Further again, and before concluding, Bosco explains his near future travelling plan, stating `Se potró andare a Mirabello la preverró e faro certamente una stazione a sua casa – L´altro ieri si tenne seduta a Roma riguardo all chiesa di S. Giovanni della Pigna – il risultato fu per noi: forse dovró fare una corsa a Roma; oggi ho scritto per vedere se posso farne a meno a al meno differire…´ (Translation: “If I can go to Mirabello, I will anticipate it and certainly make a stop at your house - The day before yesterday there was a session in Rome regarding the church of S. Giovanni della Pigna - the result was that perhaps I will have to make a trip to Rome; I wrote today to see if I can cancel it or at least postpone it…”) Overall minor age wear, with a very small hole not affecting the text or signature and few minor foxing stains, otherwise G Countess Carlota Calori di Vignale (1827-1911) one of the most important financial benefactors of Bosco´s projects. Bosco considered Countess Callori as his second-mother.

ORDER OF MALTA - PERELLOS RAMON: (1637-1720) Spanish Knight of Aragon, who served as Prince and Grand Master of the Order of Malta for more than twenty years, from 1697 until 1720. Perellos established foreign relations between Malta and Russia for the first time, and fought against corruption within the Order. The Grand Master also improved and strengthened the coastal fortifications of Malta which was suffering multiple attacks from the Ottoman fleet, organizing himself and building a new war fleet to fight the Turks. Rare l.S. `Perellos´, one page, folio, Malta, 18th April 1703, to the Grand Prior of Aquitaine, in French. The document bears to the heading an Order of Malta ink stamp to the upper right corner, and in large bold letters, in Latin, "Mag[ist]er Hosptis et S[anc]ti sepulchri hiertem" ("The Master of the Hospital and the Holy Sepulchre"). Perellos refers to a process of accpetance of nobility, and states in part `Venerable tres cher et bien aimé Religieux; Nous aiant esté fait instance, qu´il nous plût recevoir au nombre des pages qui sont destinés pour Notre Service Noble, René Vincent de Messenie, fils de noble Louis du même nom et de Dame Caterine de Coué de Lusignan, nous avons volontiers octroié cette grace qui nous oblige a vous advertir de ne faire aucune difficulté de tenir une assemblée Extraordinaire touttes et quantes fois que vous en serez requis, tant pour lui délivrer la Commission nécessaire pour pouvoir faire les preuves de sa Noblesse et légitimation....´ (Translation: "Very dear and beloved Venerable Religious; Having been requested, that we we were glad to receive among the pages which are intended for Our Noble Service, René Vincent de Messenie, son of noble Louis of the same name and Lady Caterine de Coué de Lusignan, we have gladly granted this grace which obliges us to warn you not to make any difficulty in holding an Extraordinary assembly whenever and as many times you are required to do so, both to deliver the Commission necessary to be able to demonstrate the Nobility and legitimation...") With blank address leaf. Small overall age wear, otherwise G Perello´s funerary monument is found at St. John´s Co-Cathedral in Valletta and is considered to be one of the best examples of baroque art in Malta.

LAUPEPA SUSUGA MALIETOA: (1841-1898) King (Tafa'ifa) of Samoa 1875-87, 1889-98. A rare L.S., Malietoa, two pages, folio, Mulinu'u, 9th November 1891, to Henry C. Ide, in Samoan. The King states that he is in receipt of his correspondent's letter 'informing me that you had resigned your position as United States Land Commissioner in Samoa' further acknowledging that the resignation had been accepted by the President of the United States and a successor appointed, and remarking 'I am extremely sorry that family troubles have compelled you to resign a position you are so admirably fitted for. It has been a great pleasure to me to see the work of the Commission go on so smoothly and with such fairness to all parties concerned; my people feel that in you and your colleagues they had judges that would act fairly and fearlessly to all parties interested. I have no doubt your successor will be well worthy the trust his Government has placed in him and he must not think I mean otherwise'. With blank integral leaf. Accompanied by a photocopy of a complete contemporary English translation. Some slight traces of former mounting to the inner edges of the central vertical fold of the bifolium, not affecting the text or signature, and with some light creasing, otherwise VGHenry Clay Ide (1844-1921) American judge, colonial commissioner and ambassador who served as Governor-General of the Philippines 1905-06. American President Benjamin Harrison had appointed Ide to be Presidential Commissioner to Samoa in 1891 (Ide's formal title was American Land Commissioner in Samoa) as one of three representatives, along with Germany and Great Britain, responsible for adjuticating land claims by foreigners in the Islands as provided for in the Treaty of Berlin (1889). Ide only stayed in the post six months, leaving Samoa on 12th November 1891.

JANSSEN DAVID: (1931-1980) American Actor, best remembered for his portrayal of Dr. Richard Kimble in the television series The Fugitive (1963-1967). A rare signed and inscribed 8 x 10 photograph, the image showing Janssen outdoors, standing in a half-length pose, in a scene from The Fugitive series. Signed and inscribed in bold black fountain pen ink to a largely clear area of the image. VG

PROUST MARCEL: (1871-1922) French Novelist and Essayist. Best known for his major novel A la Recherche du Temps Perdu (`In search of Lost Time´). A rare and good A.L.S., `Marcel Proust´, two pages, 8vo, mourning paper, n.p., Saturday 8th, n.d., [to Gabriel Mourey], in French. Proust refers to his translation of Ruskin´s work, stating `J´ai peur qu´il n´y ait un malentendu et que les épreuves des “Trésors des Rois” n´aient été envoyées à une fausse adresse. Comme je n´ai absolument rien reçu et il me semble qu´à pareille date, le mois dernier vous me demandiez de vous renvoyer les épreuves corrigées?´ (Translation: “I am afraid that there might be a misunderstanding and that the proofs of “Of Kings´Treasures” were sent to a wrong address. As I have received absolutely nothing and if I recall well on this date last month you were asking me to send you the corrected proofs?”) Very small repaired tear to the bottom black border, not affecting the text or signature. G John Ruskin (1819-1900) English Writer and Philosopher, a Polymath of the Victorian era. Author of Of Kings´ Treasures (1865). Marcel Proust did a translation of Ruskin´s Of Kings´ Treasures into French, entitled Trésors des Rois which will be published in 1905 in the literary magazine Les Arts de la Vie directed by his correspondent Gabriel Mourey

OUSPENSKAYA MARIA: (1876-1949) Russian actress, remembered for her roles as Maleva, an old Romani fortuneteller, in the horror films The Wolf Man (1941) and Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man (1943). A good, rare vintage signed and inscribed sepia 8 x 10 photograph of the actress standing in a full-length pose alongside an arm chair. Signed in bold, dark fountain pen ink to a light area of the image. A couple of very light, extremely minor surface and corner creases, VG

BONANZA: Vintage signed and inscribed 8 x 10 photograph by both Michael Landon (Joseph 'Little Joe' Cartwright) and Dan Blocker (Eric 'Hoss' Cartwright) individually, the image showing the two actors seated together in half-length poses in costume from the American Western television series Bonanza (1959-73). Signed by both in pink ink to light areas of the background. Rare. Some slight surface and corner creasing, otherwise about VG

SELLERS PETER: (1925-1980) English comedy actor. An unusual signed and inscribed 8 x 10 photograph of Sellers in a head and shoulders pose, in costume as Gestapo agent Herr Schroeder from the British comedy film Soft Beds, Hard Battles (1974). Signed by Sellers in black ink with a lengthy inscription, evidently inspired by his character (just one of multiple roles that he played in the film) and incorporating the 'signature' of Fritz Schroeder alongside a swastika symbol, concluding '....and the man of a thousand idiots, Peter Sellers'. A rare image to find signed, particularly with such an inscription. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG

DOLLFUSS ENGELBERT: (1892-1934) Austrian politician who served as Chancellor of Austria 1932-34. Assassinated at the age of 41 as part of a failed coup attempt by Nazi agents. A rare vintage signed sepia postcard photograph of Dollfuss standing in a half-length pose at his desk and holding some papers in his hands. Signed in fountain pen ink to a clear area of the image, across the papers in his hand, to create the impression of him reading his own signature. Together with a vintage unsigned sepia postcard photograph of Dollfuss in a head and shoulders pose. VG, 2

DIETRICH MARLENE: (1901-1992) German-born American actress. A.N.S., Marlene, to the recto of her personal printed small oblong 12mo Visiting Card, featuring her printed name to the centre (lightly struck through in ink), n.p., n.d., in full, 'Thank you again for last night!'. An attractive example and quite rare in this form. About EX

FOUCAULD CHARLES DE: (1858-1916) Foucauld was a former cavalry Officer in the French army, he would later become an Explorer, and finally a Catholic Priest. Foucauld lived as a hermit, among the Tuareg in the Algerian Sahara. In 1916 Foucauld was assassinated and is considered by the Catholic Church a martyr. The Little Brothers of Jesus were found after him. An excellent and rare A.L.S., `Fr[ere] Charles de Jésus´, one page, 8vo, `Beni-Abbes (extreme Sud Oranais) Algerie´, Algeria, 10th March 1905, to his congregation superior, in French. To the upper left corner, Foucauld annotates "IESUS CARITAS´, adding a sketch of a cross above a heart. To a cleanly written letter, Foucauld states in part `I dare writing to you again to beg you to send me by post-mail the complete series of your ten volumes, Attente de Jésus, Jesus enfant, etc.. I also take the liberty of asking you to be kind and send to me "Marie d´apres l´Evangile" when the book will be printed.´ Foucauld further explains that he will pay for the books over two payments, and before concluding states `Thanking you for all the good you bring to my soul with your books, I kneel at your feet, supplicating your blessing and to implore Jesus for my conversion.´ Extremely small age wear, otherwise G to VG In 2020, Pope Francis authorized the processing for his canonization.

PHILIP II: (1527-1598) King of Spain 1556-98. During his marriage to Queen Mary I of England, he was King of England and Ireland 1554-58. Rare L.S., `Yo El Rey´, as King, one page, 4to, Aranjuez, 29th of January 1574, to the Duke of Parma, in old Castilian-Spanish. The document bears at the heading a cross, and beneath the written title heading "Don Phelippe by the grace of god, King of Spain and of the Two Sicilies". The King sends his respects to his correspondent and refers to the death of the Princess of Portugal few months earlier, his sister, stating `Il[ustrisi]mo Duque nuestro muy caro hermano. Juan Dominico de Lorsa me dio vuestra carta del XV de Octubre; y por ella entendí lo mucho que… sentido la muerte de la Ser[enisi]ma Princesa de Portugal mi hermana, lo qual creo yo muy bien, y vos podeis creer que la voluntad que yo os tengo es y ha de ser siempre muy buena…´) (Translation: "Illustrious Duke, our very dear brother, Juan Dominico de Lorsa gave me your letter dated 15th October, by which I understood how much…… meant the death of the Princess of Portugal my sister, which I appreciate, and you can trust my will and the faith I have on you and which will always be so…" Countersigned at the base by Antonio Perez. With address leaf bearing a Royal paper seal affixed in very fine condition. Small overall age wear and creasing, otherwise G Ottavio Farnese (1524-1586) Duke of Parma and Piacenza 1547-86. His father was the son of Pope Paul III, and father to Cardinal Ranuccio Farnese. Ottavio, aged only 14, married Margaret of Austria, the illegitimate daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, while Margaret only 15, had recently widowed by the death of Alessandro de´Medici. Joanna of Austria (1535-1573) Princess of Portugal by her marriage when she was 16 to her even younger husband Joao Manuel, Prince of Portugal, who was 14. She was widowed two years after, the same year she gave birth to King Sebastian of Portugal. That same year Joanna returned to Spain at Charles V's request, her father, leaving her son in the care of her mother-in-law. She never saw her son again. Joanna served as regent of Spain to her brother Philip II of Spain during his trips to England to marry Mary I from 1554 to 1556, and 1556 to 1559. Antonio Pérez (1534-1611) Spanish Statesman and Secretary of King Philip II of Spain. He was said to have organised the murder of Juan de Escobedo (1530-1578) Regidor and the King´s representative in Madrid. Attempts to prosecute Perez led to riots and disorder. He fled Spain after being liberated from prison by his supporters, and spent most of his remaining years in France.

OSWALD LEE HARVEY: (1939-1963) American private with the United States Marine Corps, the assassin of John F. Kennedy. A rare A.L.S., Lee, two pages (written to the first and third sides of the feint ruled bifolium), 8vo, n.p. (Russia), 30th November 1961, to his brother Robert. Oswald informs his brother that a package 'with a few little Christmas presents' has been send that day although it 'may be a little late you may not get it until about New Years', further writing 'We still haven't recived (sic) any word about our visas. Marina says that she cannot wait untill (sic) she gets to the U.S. and sees little Robert Jr. If you like, you can send me a football (they only have round one's here) just deflate it & send it to me like a letter. Also you can pick up a few diagrams of plays at any filling station and send them along also, these Russians seem interested in learning how to play, so I thought maybe you could help me out and together we'll show them a little bit of American sport. Our deal about the visas is not getting any better, and I think about New Years, I'll fly into Moscow, and go to the Embassy about it. As time goes on, our complaints, and their inactivity, will bring things to a head, and one side or the other will break' and concluding 'We sent you a can of a kind of Russian candy, called "KHAIIVA", it's made from grain and sugar, so when you'll open the package you'll know its candy. I eat alot (sic) of it, if you all like it, will send some more'. VGProvenance: The present letter was included in the Warren Commission as Exhibit No. 308 (see pages 849-850 of Volume XVI of the Warren Commission Hearings). Lee Harvey Oswald had travelled to the Soviet Union in October 1959 and almost immediately after arriving expressed his desire to become a Soviet citizen, claiming that he was a communist. His application for citizenship was refused on 21st October, the day his visa was due to expire, and he was informed that he had to leave the Soviet Union that evening. Oswald's departure was delayed due to a self-inflicted injury and the Soviets kept him under psychiatric observation in a Moscow hospital for a week. In January 1960 Oswald was sent to Minsk where he was given employment as a lathe operator. A year later Oswald was beginning to reconsider his decision (although he had never formally renounced his U.S. citizenship) and wrote to the Embassy of the United States in Moscow requesting the return of his American passport. In March 1961 Oswald met Marina Prusakova, a pharmacology student, and they married six weeks later. On 24th May 1962 the Oswalds applied at the US Embassy in Moscow for documents that enabled Marina to immigrate to the United States. The couple and their infant daughter left for the United States on 1st June and soon settled in the Dallas area.

CHRISTIE AGATHA: (1890-1976) English crime writer. A good, extremely rare vintage signed 6.5 x 8.5 photograph of the young writer in a head and shoulders pose wearing a fur stole. Photograph by Kay Vaughan of Dover Street, London, and bearing her (slightly obscured) credit stamps to the verso. Signed by Christie in dark fountain pen ink with her name alone to a light area of the image. A desirable signed photograph of the 'Queen of Crime', dating from the 1930s. Some surface and corner creasing and with some heavy traces of former mounting to the verso, GAn appealing signed image of Christie, the extreme rarity of which may be explained by the writer's shyness and dislike for public appearances.

KHALIFA II: (1879-1960) Sir Khalifa II bin Harub Al-Busaidi. Sultan of Zanzibar 1911-60. A rare fountain pen ink signature of the Sultan, in Arabic, on an 8vo sheet of feint ruled stationery, with five Zanzibarian postage stamps affixed above the signature and an A.N.S. by Lieutenant Colonel J. C. Alexander, Private Secretary to the Sultan, at the foot of the page, dated at The Palace, Zanzibar, 5th August 1959, and stating, in full, 'Above is His Highness' signature. He always signs in Arabic script'. Lightly laid down at the upper edge to a slightly larger card and with some light overall creasing, otherwise about VG

SADE MARQUIS DE: (1740-1814) Donatien Alphonse François de Sade. French Writer, Nobleman and Revolutionary Politician. Best-known for his erotic works and sexual fantasies with violence and lack of morality. Author of The 120 Days of Sodom. Sade spent thirty-two years of his life imprisoned and most of his works were written while incarcerated. The word sadism was coined from his name. Rare and lengthy A.L.S., `Sade´, two pages, small 4to, n.p., n.d. [1800], to citizen Dumurier, a Lawyer, in French. Sade sends an interesting content letter, furious for the unfavourable court sentence received in a trial against his bricklayer, whom he calls rascal and thief, and in his usual fine writing, states in part `Je savais bien, Monsieur, que ce maçon favorisé de tout le monde gagnerait son procès. C´est une ligue dont il faut que je sois la victime... Allons Monsieur, je me soumettrai puisqu´il faut. L´homme attaqué dans une forêt doit plier les épaules et donner sa bourse, je la donne, mais prends en même temps un vigoureux parti pour que pareille chose ne m´arrive. Et comme vous n´êtes pas, Monsieur, de la bande de ceux qui m´attaquent dans la forêt mais qu´au contraire j´ai droit et lieu de vous regarder comme mon défenseur (que par unique délicatesse je ne voulais pas employer cette fois.ci) je vous prie seulement et uniquement, Monsieur, d´obtenir de Cartouche maçon, de ce coquin dont je me souviendrai longtemps, ainsi que de son notaire, je vous pri, dis-je, d´obtenir de lui de n´être payé que dans un terme, moitié en 1801 et moitié en 1802´ (Translation: "I knew well, Sir, that this bricklayer favored by everyone would win his case. It's a league in which I must be the victim... Come on Sir, I will submit since I have to. The man attacked in a forest must bend his shoulders and give his purse, I give it, but at the same time take a strong stand so that such a thing does not happen to me. And as you are not, Sir, from the group of those who attack me in the forest but on the contrary I have the right and reason to consider you as my defender (that only for delicacy I did not want to use this time) I beg you only, Sir, to obtain from Highwayman mason, from this rascal who I will remember for a long time, as well as from his notary, I beg you, I say, to obtain from him to be paid only in one term, half in 1801 and half in 1802") Sade was re-arrested in 1801 for his pornographic novels and was eventually incarcerated in the Charenton insane asylum where he died in 1814. With blank address leaf. G to VG

STANISLAVSKI KONSTANTIN: (1863-1938) Russian Theatre Director. Stanislavski was widely recognized as an outstanding actor, and the multiple productions that he directed garnered him a reputation as one of the leading theatre directors of his generation. His principal fame and influence, rests on his system of actor training, preparation, and rehearsal technique. A rare signed and inscribed postcard photograph, `K. Stanislavski´, in Cyrillic, dated in his hand in 1913. The image shows Stanislavski in a head and shoulders pose. Signed and inscribed to Mme. O.I. Sokolova in bold black fountain pen ink. Stamped to the verso. One horizontal light crease and a very small corner crease to the upper left corner. Two small stains not affecting the text or signature. About G

SUCRE ANTONIO JOSE DE: (1795-1830) Venezuelan independence Leader and Hero. Statesman and General, also known as the ''Grand Marshal of Ayacucho''. One of Simon Bolivar's closest friends. President of Bolivia 1825-28 and President of Peru 1823. Assassinated. An excellent and rare L.S., `A.J de Sucre´, two pages, 4to, Quito, 13th August 1822, to the Minister of the Superior Court of Justice, in Spanish. The letter bears to the heading the printed text ''Republica de Colombia – Departamento de Quito” (“Republic of Colombia – Quito department”). By the present document Sucre, on behalf of H.E. Simon Bolivar, and the Colombian government, provisionally expel and put on trial a court clerk, Manuel Calixto, accused of suspicious political behaviour, stating in part `Son terminantes los decretos del Gobierno para que ningún empleo público sea desempeñado por los notoriamente desafectos a nuestro Sistema, en cumplimiento del cual, y de las repetidas ordines que me ha comunicado S.E. el Libertador… se servirá disponer con los demás Ministros de la Corte Superior si el escribano Manuel Calixto ha tenido una conducta política sospechosa… sea excluido del oficio que ejerce, procediendo en este punto con arreglo a la ley…´ (Translation: “The Government's decrees are strict so that no public employment is carried out by those notoriously disaffected to our System, in compliance with which, and with the repeated orders that H.E. the Liberator has communicated to me.... It will be necessary to decide with the other Ministers of the Superior Court if the notary Manuel Calixto has had suspicious political behaviour... be excluded from the office that he exercises, proceeding on this point in accordance with the law...”) Sucre before concluding reminds that those who act against the interest of the republic can be sentenced to expulsion from the territory. The letter bears to the left border of the two pages, two hand written annotations by court clerks, the first referring to Calixto´s refusal to recognize and accept the Court that judges him. Overall age wear and staining, with partial repair to edges, none affecting the signature. About G After Colombia had been liberated from the Spanish, Simon Bolivar sent Sucre to the Quito region (at today´s date Ecuador) where he would won on 24th May 1822 the brilliant and key victory of Pichincha near Quito. At Pichincha, patriot forces under Antonio Jose Sucre routed the Spanish royalists and freed the territory that was to become Ecuador.The present letter is dated less than three months after the famous battle of Pichincha.

PAVLICHENKO LYUDMILA: (1916-1974) Soviet sniper in the Red Army during World War II. Pavlichenko is credited with killing 309 enemy combatants, likely placing her within the top five snipers of all time. A rare vintage war date signed and inscribed 3 x 5 photograph of Pavlichenko, the image depicting Lady Death in a head and shoulders pose wearing her uniform and several medals. Signed in purple fountain pen ink to the verso with an inscription in Cyrillic, 'To a true friend and a wonderful comrade Grisha Kozlovsky....' and dated at Moscow, 30th March 1943 in her hand. Some light, minimal traces of former mounting to the upper edge of the verso, not affecting the inscription or signature. About VG

KAFKA FRANZ: (1883-1924) Austro-Hungarian-born Czechoslovakian novelist and short-story writer. An extremely rare A.L.S., with his initial K, as is usually encountered, three pages, 8vo, n.p. (Prague), n.d. (1921/22), to Robert [Klopstock], in German. Kafka writes in bold pencil and informs his friend that he had been at Munzer’s with Felix the previous evening, remarking ‘The result is small compared to the hopes: a free place in the cafeteria, which gives the right to daily (supposedly very good…..) lunch and dinner and also about 150K per month from an American association. That’s all, maybe something else will happen when you’re here, but for now only the two things above are certain’, and adding that he had heard that qualified doctors had been happy with similar accommodation. Kafka also reports that Munzer was very friendly, thanks to Felix, and explains that he will make further enquiries to find somewhere for Klopstock to live, but that the summer semester will be starting soon. Kafka also makes reference to medical matters, stating ‘The visit to Munzer was even bleaker from a medical perspective……Their ignorance became terribly clear in the conversation……I’ll tell you about it later. I have been suffering from insomnia and its consequences for some time’. Autograph letters of Kafka are highly desirable and extremely rare as a result of his tragically untimely death at the age of 40, having suffered from laryngeal tuberculosis. Some minor age wear, two very minor, light stains to the right edge of the final page, and a few of the edges slightly irregularly torn, not affecting the text or signature, G Robert Klopstock (1899-1972) Hungarian physician and lung surgeon, a close friend of Franz Kafka from 1920-24. Both Klopstock and Kafka were treated for tuberculosis and the former was present at the writer’s death bed at the Kierling Sanatorium in Vienna on 3rd June 1924. Klopstock himself managed to overcome the disease and went on to continue a successful medical career in America. Egmont Munzer (1865-1924) Professor of Medicine at the German University in Prague.

MENGS ANTON RAPHAEL: (1728-1779) German Painter. In 1754, at the early age of 26, he was appointed Director of the Vatican painting school. Mengs became one of the precursors to Neoclassical painting which replaced Rococo as the dominant painting style in Europe in the second half of the 18th century. Rare A.L.S., `Antonio Rafaele Mengs´, one page, small 4to, Madrid, 19th August 1776, to a Roman correspondent, in Italian. A cleanly written letter by Mengs, stating in part `Le ringrazio infinitamente della memoria che ha di me, solamente mi dispiace non poterle mostrare la mia gratitudine con inpiegarmi in cosa che le fosse di alcuna utilita, non ostante le assicuro che non perdero di vista ogni favorevole occasione di poterle servire a V. S.´ (Translation: "I thank you infinitely for the memory you have of me, I only regret not being able to show my gratitude by engaging in something that would be of any use to you, nevertheless I assure you that I will not lose sight of every favorable opportunity to be able to serve Your Excellency") Further, Mengs refers to his prompt return to Rome and to the King´s aproval of this trip which he is waiting for, saying `Spero fra poche mesi torniare a Roma, ben che ancora non ho la licenza per dispacio, ma spero che S.M. non retirera la Sua Real Parola...´ (Translation: "I hope to return to Rome in a few months, although I still don't have the license due to dispatch, but I hope that His Majesty will not withdraw His Royal Word...") Before concluding Mengs sends his regards to several personalities as well as to his Roman benefactor and relatives, stating in part `Se acaso havesse occasione di vedere S. E. il Sign Cardinale Archinto la prego porgerle li miei Osequiosi Complimenti, come ancora al Sign. Marquese Coligola...´ (Translation: "If by chance you have the opportunity to see His Excellency Cardinal Archinto, I beg you to extend my obsequious compliments, as also to Marquis Coligola...") Small overall creasing, otherwiseabout VGCharles III of Spain (1716-1788) King of Spain 1759-88 as King Charles III, previously King Charles VII of Naples and Sicily 1734-59. Charles resided in Naples for nineteen years and gained valuable experience as Ruler before becoming King of the Spanish Empire. Charles III is widely regarded as the most successful European ruler of his generation.Giovanni Archinto (1736-1779) Italian Cardinal, nephew of Cardinal Alberico Archinto (1698-1758). ​ Although Mengs spent most of his life in Rome, on two occasions he accepted invitations from Charles III, King of Spain, to go to Madird. First in 1761 when he produced some of his best work, most notably the ceiling of the banqueting hall of the Royal Palace of Madrid. After the completion of this work in 1777, Mengs returned to Rome, where he died two years later, in poor circumstances, leaving twenty children, seven of whom were pensioned by the King of Spain

NEMIROVSKY IRENE: (1903-1942) Russian-born novelist in the French language. A rare A.L.S., Irene Nemirovsky, to two sides of a printed correspondence card, Avenue Daniel-Lesueur, Paris, 6th February 1930, to a gentleman, in French. Nemirovsky thanks her correspondent for their charming letter and the accompanying books, adding that she was very touched by their thought of her, and further remarking 'Malheureusement, pour l'adaption theatrale de mon roman, je ne peux pas vous donner la reponse favorable que je souhaiterais. En effet, cette adaptation est cedee depuis quelque temps deja et la piece sera vraisemblement jouee a Paris la saison prochaine' (Translation: 'Unfortunately, as far as the stage adaptation of my novel is concerned, I am unable to give you the favourable response I would like. In fact, this adaptation has been sold for some time now and the play will probably be performed in Paris next season'). Autograph letters of Nemirovsky are rare owing to her appalling murder in Auschwitz concentration camp at the age of 39. VGNemirovsky may refer to an adaptation of her first novel, David Golder, which had been published in 1929 and had won instant acclaim for the twenty-six year old author. In 1930 the novel was made into a film of the same title, directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Harry Baur in the title role. Nemirovsky's novella Le Bal was also published at around the same date and made into a film in 1931.

GLAZUNOV ALEXANDER: (1865-1936) Russian Composer and music Teacher. He was the direct successor of most of the Group of five Russian composer´s legacy. Director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory 1905-28, he left the Soviet Union in 1928 and never returned. His best-known student was Dmitri Shostakovich. A rare and excellent A.M.Q.S., Alexander Glazounov, one page, removed from an autograph album, oblong 4to, London, 9th January 1929, dated in his hand. Glazounov has cleanly penned a three bars musical quotation, unidentified, adding to the heading the musical tempo `Allegro´. VG

DARWELL JANE: (1879-1967) American actress, Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actress in 1940 for her role as Ma Joad in The Grapes of Wrath. A good, rare vintage signed and inscribed sepia 8 x 10 photograph of Darwell in a half-length pose in costume as Martha Lind from the American drama film Star for a Night (1936). Signed by Darwell in bold, dark fountain pen ink to a clear area of the background, 'In appreciation of your letter, and with best wishes, Mr. Halstead, Jane Darwell'. A few very light, minor surface and corner creases, about VG

ALEXANDER I OF RUSSIA: (1777-1825) Emperor of Russia 1801-25. Rare A.L.S., Alexandre, two pages, 4to, Veliki Locnik, 11th September, [1804/05], to an unidentified correspondent, in French. The Tsar states in part `I am quite crossed learning that the day before my departure you came to see me at home while I was away. I was hoping to see you the day after..´ further saying `..I write to you these lines to tell you that when you will dispatch the Siniatin squadron under Admiral Teth, and once you consider that for the best of the service and duty you should be close to me, I authorize you to join me, at your ease regarding the time you will do so and the time you will spend close to me.´ Paper bearing a J. Honig & Zoonen watermark. With blank integral leaf. Folded. VG

STALIN JOSEPH: (1878-1953) Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924-53 as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922-52) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941-53). A good vintage signed colour 8.5 x 10.5 print by Stalin, the image being a reproduction of a colour pencil portrait by the artist Kapnob (1946; printed 1947) depicting the Soviet leader in a head and shoulders pose wearing his uniform and medals. Signed ('J. Stalin', in Cyrillic) by Stalin in dark fountain pen ink with his name alone to a light area at the base. A rare and appealing signed portrait. Neatly mounted to card, evidently for the purposes of previous framing, and with some very light, minimal age wear to the left margin. About VG

JOHN ELTON: (1947- ) British singer and pianist, Academy Award winner. A signed Limited Edition United Kingdom box set for Two Rooms (1991), issued to celebrate the songs of Elton John and Bernie Taupin and including a 16-track CD album (with picture sleeve insert) featuring songs performed by the Beach Boys, Jon Bon Jovi, The Who, Eric Clapton, Kate Bush, Sting, Rod Stewart and George Michael, a VHS video featuring Phil Collins, Roger Daltrey, Sinead O’Connor, Tina Turner, Neil Young and others, as well as rare Elton John performance footage, and a hardback edition of Two Rooms by Elton John and Bernie Taupin, First Edition published by Boxtree Ltd., London, 1991, with many illustrations and accompanied by the dust jacket. All are contained in the original illustrated card box signed to the front lid by Elton John with his name alone in black ink to a clear area. Some age wear and minor scuffing to the exterior and with the small original price label affixed to one corner. About VG

DUNN JAMES: (1905-1967) American actor, Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actor in 1945 for his role as Johnny Nolan in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. A good, rare vintage signed sepia 7.5 x 9.5 photograph of Dunn in a smiling head and shoulders pose. Signed in fountain pen ink to the image, his forename partially across a darker area, and dated 1932 in his hand. About EX

WALKER ROBERT: (1918-1951) American actor who portrayed the villain Bruno Antony in Alfred Hitchcock's American psychological thriller film noir Strangers on a Train (1951). A good, rare vintage signed and inscribed 8 x 10 photograph, the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer publicity portrait depicting Walker in a head and shoulders pose. Signed ('To Ziggy, Bob Walker') in bold blue fountain pen ink to a light area of the image. Autographs of Walker are rare as a result of his untimely death at the age of 32. VG

LENIN VLADIMIR: (1870-1924) Russian revolutionary and politician who served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia 1917-24 and of the Soviet Union 1922-24 & TSIURUPA ALEXANDER (1870-1928) Bolshevik leader and Soviet politician who served as People's Commissar for Food of the RSFSR 1918-21. A rare D.S. by both Lenin ('V Ulyanov (Lenin)') and Tsiurupa ('A Tsyurupa') individually, one page, folio, Kremlin, Moscow, 20th June 1919, with the stamped heading of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic Workers and Peasants Defence Council, in Cyrillic. The typed document is addressed to Narkomprod (People's Commissariat for Food Supplies) of Crimea and states, in part, 'Considering the severity of the food situation in Russia, and the enormous shortages of food for children, especially for sick children, I suggest that all canned fruits available in Crimea, as well as cheese, should be earmarked solely for feeding sick children in Northern Russia. Products should be sent to Komprod's address'. Signed at the conclusion by Lenin in his capacity as Chairman of the Defence Council and by Tsiurupa in his capacity as People's Commissar for Food Supplies, alongside an official circular purple ink stamp. Some very light, extremely minimal age wear, VGThe People's Commissariat for Food Supplies (also known by it's abbreviation Narkomprod) was originally founded in 1917 and was the ministry of the Russian SFSR in charge of food supplies and industrial goods.Lenin and Tsiurupa signed the present document at a significant time during the Russian Civil War (1917-23) throughout which Crimea changed hands numerous times. Whilst it was governed by the Bolsheviks in June 1919, it would not be long before it became the stronghold of the anti-Bolshevik White Army under the command of General Anton Denikin. It is therefore possible that Lenin and Tsiurupa, aware of the situation facing Crimea, were attempting to get as much food as they could out of the area before it was too late.

[HENDRIX JIMI]: (1942-1970) American rock guitarist and singer. A pair of funky red corduroy ribbed bell bottom trousers owned and worn by Jimi Hendrix in 1968, with a zip fastener and elasticated waist band, and two small inside pockets, measuring approximately 38” in length and 11” wide at the base. A wonderful and desirable piece of memorabilia associated with one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century, who was also noted for his fashion sense, typifying the 1960s and counter-culture movement. Some light age wear, VG Provenance: The present trousers were previously sold by Bonhams in their sale of Film Entertainment and Autographs, Psychedelic and Underground Posters, Rock and Pop, Rare Records on 21st, 22nd & 23rd March 1995 (Lot 2472). Their catalogue, a copy of which is included in the present lot, stated that the trousers were worn by Hendrix ‘in 1968 Civic Auditorium, Bakersfield, California, Oct. 26, seen on camera by Ron Rafaelli, photographer with Jimi at this time’.

JOPLIN JANIS: (1943-1970) American singer and songwriter. A vintage printed folio (approx. 30 x 30 cm) souvenir programme for the Texas International Pop Festival held at Lewsville, Texas, from 30th August - 1st September 1969, signed and inscribed ('To George, Love, Janis Joplin xxo') by Joplin in bold black ink to a clear area of an inside page featuring her image and brief printed biography, further adding a small sketch of a love heart in her hand beneath her signature. Rare. Some very light creasing and minor age wear, VGThe Texas International Pop Festival took place two weeks after Woodstock and Joplin performed on the first day, Saturday, 30th August 1969. Other artists and bands that appeared at the festival included B. B. King, Led Zeppelin, Johnny Winter and Sly and the Family Stone.

ELISABETH OF VALOIS: (1545-1568) Also known as Elisabeth of France. Queen of Spain 1559-68 as third spouse of King Philip II of Spain. She was the eldest daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine de´Medici. Elisabeth died at the very early age of 23. A very rare Autograph letter signed by the Queen, to her mother. A.L.S., `Elisabeth´, one page, folio, n.p., n.d., to the Queen of France and her mother Catherine de´Medici, in old French. Elisabeth asks for an important favour, stating in part `Madame, j'ai su le bien et faveur qu'il vous a plu faire…de certain arrêt duquel il se soit peiné bien fort, moyennant laquelle révision et fasse lui de justifier son innocence qui est cause que de nouveau je redoive vous supplier faire…il a souffert de dommage en sa personne et biens par la malice de ses ennemis. J'ai prié dieu madame qu'il vous tienne en santé très heureuse et longue vie. Votre très humble et très obéissante fille´ (Translation: "Madame, I have learned the good favour you have been kind to do... of certain judgment which he has suffered himself very much, in return for which revision and make him justify his innocence which is the cause that again I must beg you to do… he suffered damage to his person and properties by the malice of his enemies. I prayed to God madam that he keep you very healthy and long life. Your very humble and very obedient daughter") With address leaf stating `A la Reyne, Madame et mère´ (Translation: "To the Queen, Madame and mother") A very rare latter of good association. Overall age wear, with foxing and creases, mostly to edges. About G King Philip II of Spain was very attached to Elisabeth of France, staying close by her side even when she was ill with smallpox. Both were very close to their two daughters, buying them dolls and toys and both rejoiced at the birth of Isabella as if it had been the birth of a son. Elisabeth had another miscarriage on 3 October 1568, and died the same day, along with her new-born infant daughter. After the death of Elisabeth, Catherine de´Medici offered her younger daughter Margaret as a bride for Philip II, but the King declined the offer

HULL JOSEPHINE: (1886-1957) American actress, Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actress in 1950 for her role as Veta Louise Simmons in Harvey. A rare vintage signed and inscribed 3.5 x 5.5 photograph of Hull in a head and shoulders pose. Photograph by Moss of New York. Signed by the actress in bold, dark fountain pen ink to a largely light area of the image. Accompanied by the original envelope hand addressed by Hull and signed by her with her surname only in the return address panel, care of the Belasco Theatre, to the verso. Post marked at New York, 16th March 1954. About EXAt the time of signing the present photograph Hull was appearing in The Solid Gold Cadillac (1954-55) which was to be her last Broadway play.

SOBHUZA II: (1899-1982) King of Swaziland 1899-1982, at 82 years and 254 days the longest verifiable reign of any monarch in recorded history. A rare T.L.S., Sobhuza II, as iNgwenyama, one page, folio, Kwaluseni, 24th December 1963, to R. E. Donaldson-Rawlins, on printed stationery featuring an image of a lion at the head. The King states that he had wished to write to his correspondent earlier, in order 'to thank you most fervently for the entertainment you accorded me when I visited your District in South Swaziland recently', although explaining that 'other pressing and urgent matters have hitherto precluded the execution of this earnest desire' and continuing 'Even though somewhat belated I cannot resist the urge in me to congratulate you and your staff on the thought and understanding that went to the preparations for this visit which was a complete success', further thanking Donaldson-Rawlins for some photographs which will serve as a living memory of the occasion, 'I am placing one of them in my house at Shiselweni and as sure as I am that it will grace the walls I shall always love to see it. It is one of the first decorations to hang in that house'. The King concludes by sending seasonal greetings and his best wishes for the New Year. Together with the King's official Christmas greetings card, unsigned, the folding 8vo card featuring a colour image to the inside of a young Swati lady and with a printed greeting in both Swazi and English. With the gold embossed coat of arms of Swaziland to the front cover. VG, 2As well as being a well-known collector of autographs, publishing two books on the subject, Ray Rawlins (1917-1979) worked in the Colonial Service from 1945 and served for thirteen years in Swaziland, retiring as District Commissioner of the South in 1964. The present lot is accompanied by two notes by Rawlins relating to King Sobhuza II, and the letter and Christmas card were previously sold in the auction of Rawlins' collection conducted by Sotheby's in London on 2nd, 3rd & 4th June 1980 (part of lot 295).

NAPOLEON I: (1769-1821) Emperor of France 1804-14, 1815. An extremely rare Letter, bearing six autograph lines in the hand of Napoleon at the conclusion, four pages, folio, n.p., n.d., in French. Napoleon. The document, being a decree, and stating at the heading `Napoleon, Empereur des Français, Roi d´Italie, décrète´ (Translation: “Napoleon, Emperor of the French, King of Italie, decrees”), lists fourty-one Imperial Guard officers´ names, with their ranks, their new rank appointment and the location they have been assigned to, Lille, Metz, Grenoble, Versailles, etc… The last three lines of the document are boldly crossed by Napoleon with a bold black ink line, disagreeing with its content which was `Tous ces officiers seront envoyés en France pour être employés à l´instruction des conscrits de l´an 1808 et répartis dans les cinq divisions´ (Translation “All these officers will be sent to France to be employed in the instruction of the conscripts of the year 1808 and distributed among the five divisions”), and instead Napoleon orders, and annotates at the base in very bold black ink `Diviser tout cela en 5. Les 1ers pour la première légion se rendront à Lille – Les 2º à Metz – Les 3º à Versaille – Les 4º à Rennes – Les 5º à Grenoble´ (Translation: “Divide all this in 5 parts. The first for the first legion will be sent to Lille – The second to Metz – The third to Versailles, The fourth to Rennes and the fifth to Grenoble”) Small overall age wear and creasing, mostly to edges, with few minor tears to the bottom edge, none affecting Napoleon´s annotations. G

PART ARVO: (1935- ) Estonian Composer. Part´s music is largely inspired by Gregorian chant. He invented a compositional technique called ''Tintinnabuli''. Part has been the most performed living composer of the last decade. Rare signed 7 x 5 photograph, the attractive image showing Part in a close-up portrait pose, holding and watching a small bell in his hands. Signed in bold blue ink to a largely clear area of the image, also adding a short autograph musical quote, which he entitles "Fratres" above his signature to the upper part of the photograph. EXFratres ("Brothers" in Latin), 1977, is a musical work by Part exemplifying his titinnabuly style of composition. The composition has been described as a "mesmerizing set of variations on a six-bar theme combining frantic activity and sublime stillness that encapsulates Part's observation that 'the instant and eternity are struggling within us'"

BIZET GEORGES: (1838-1875) French Composer. A rare and brief A.L.S., Georges Bizet, one page, 8vo, n.p. [Paris], n.d. [1866-67], to a friend [Jules Adenis], in French. Bizet sends a short but very important message to Adenis, his librettist, stating ´Finally… here it is!....´ Bizet refers to the completion of his opera La Jolie Fille de Perth (1867), after the novel The Fair Maid of Perth (1828) by Scottish author Walter Scott. Further saying `I had to leave for.., but I have received a dispatch, it is postponed until next week. My best regards from your devoted collaborator.´ Extremely small overall minor age wear, otherwise VG Jules Adenis (1823-1900) French Dramatist and opera Librettist. Bizet´s librettists for his opera La Jolie Fille de Perth were Jules Adenis and Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges (1799-1875). The libretto took time to convince the young composer and its conclusion took longer than expected. The opera ended having the highest premiere´s success Bizet ever lived.

THOMAS DYLAN: (1914-1953) Welsh poet. An exceptional autograph manuscript, unsigned, of the poem To Others Than You, three pages (separate leaves, written to the rectos only), 8vo, Laugharne, 5th June 1939. The working manuscript, with a number of corrections and deletions, comprises several versions of the poem and offers a unique insight into Thomas's creative process before deciding on the final form of the poem. The drafts are simply entitled Poem and the first variant begins with the line 'Friend my enemy I call you out', which Thomas retains in the final version, although continues with several significant differences, in part, 'You with a dud bad dud coin in your socket/ Try not to pass it palm it/ Who tries to palm its gleam on me the glint on me/ were once my golden friend…..whose/ your pursed eye has a bad coin in it/ My enemies, my friends, my friends/ (refrain:) My friends are enemies on stilts’ and also includes several lines which did not appear in the final text (‘You with a swan-enamouring voice/ that calls but dogs to heel’). The second page of the manuscript shows that Thomas had almost reached the final version of the short poem, however he still reorganises some lines, indicated with an arrow and parenthesis, to ensure balance and rhythm, and to the third page Thomas, having satisfied himself with the work, writes the poem out in a version identical to that which would appear in print (although still without the title To Others Than You; beneath his title Poem Thomas crosses through one line, ‘My friends are enemies’, which may have been, in the spirit of the poem, an incipit) – Friend by enemy I call you out.You with a bad coin in your socket, You my friend there with a winning air Who palmed the lie on me when you looked Brassily at my shyest secret, Enticed with twinkling bits of the eye Till the sweet tooth of my love bit dry, Rasped at last, and I stumbled and sucked, Whom now I conjure to stand as thief In the memory worked by mirrors, With unforgettably smiling act, Quickness of hand in the velvet glove And my whole heart under your hammer, Were once such a creature, so gay and frank A desireless familiar I never thought to utter or think While you displaced a truth in the air,That though I loved them for their faults As much as for their good, My friends were enemies on stilts With their heads in a cunning cloud.A wonderful and rare autograph manuscript. Some very light, extremely minor age wear, minimal areas of paper loss to the upper left edges of each page and the final page with a slight paperclip rust stain to the upper right corner. VGTo Others Than You was published in 1946 as part of the volume of poems by Dylan Thomas entitled Death and Entrances. One of the best-known collections of Thomas’s poems, many of the pieces dealt with the effects of World War II which had ended a year earlier.

DIAGHILEV SERGEI: (1872-1929) Russian ballet impresario, founder of the Ballets Russes. A.N.S., with his monogram SD, one page, small 8vo, London, n.d. (circa 1925), to Boris Kochno, on the printed stationery of the Savoy Hotel, in Cyrillic. Diaghilev asks for his nose clip to be sent to him. Accompanied by the original envelope hand addressed by Diaghilev to Kochno in Room 351. Further including an amusing original newspaper clipping apparently included alongside the original message, being an image of a kitten feeding herself milk from a baby's bottle, with the caption beneath 'Dining in Comfort - A "Daily Express" reader's happy snapshot of a motherless kitten who is quite content to be bottle-fed'. Rare. Some very light, minor age wear, and the left edge of the stationery very slightly irregular, otherwise VGBoris Kochno (1904-1990) Russian poet, dancer and librettist who became Diaghilev’s secretary in 1920, and was eventually his main collaborator. The two men were also lovers for a brief period.

EDWARD VIII: (1894-1972) King of the United Kingdom January - December 1936. Later Duke of Windsor. A good, large D.S., Edward R I, as King, at the head, one page, large oblong folio, Court at Saint James's, 30th March 1936. The partially printed document, completed in manuscript, is addressed to Maurice Downer and appoints him to be an officer in the Royal Air Force from the 19th September 1935, and states, in part, 'You are therefore carefully and diligently to discharge your Duty as such in the Rank of Flying Officer or in such higher Rank as We may from time to time hereafter be pleased to promote or appoint you to, of which a notification will be made in the London Gazette, and you are at all times to exercise and well discipline in their Duties both the inferior Officers and Airmen serving under you and use your best endeavours to keep them in good Order and Discipline'. With the facsimile signatures of Air Chief Marshal Sir Frederick William Bowhill (1880-1960) and Sir Christopher Bullock (1891-1972) at the foot, alongside a circular blind embossed seal. Documents signed by King Edward VIII as King are rare and desirable. Some light overall foxing and minor age wear, about VG

BARTOK BELA: (1881-1945) Hungarian Composer. A very fine and rare Autograph Musical Quote by Bartok, one page, oblong 9 x 5, score paper, October 1907. Bartok has carefully penned an unidentified lengthy ten bars of music on two staves in dark pencil. To the heading a young Bartok annotates the musical tempo `con molto espressione amoroso". With annotation in pencil to the heading in another hand. G to VG

NGOR HAING S.: (1940-1996) Cambodian-American physician and actor, Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actor in 1984 for his role as Dith Pran in The Killing Fields. A rare signed 8 x 10 photograph of Ngor in a head and shoulders pose in costume as Khoy Thuon from the action film Fortunes of War (1994). Signed by Ngor in bold black ink to a light area of the image and dated 27th June 1994 in his hand. Autographs of Ngor are rare as a result of his murder at the age of 55. EX

GANDHI MAHATMA: (1869-1948) Indian political and spiritual leader during the Indian independence movement. A fine, rare vintage signed sepia 6 x 4.5 photograph of Gandhi, the iconic image depicting him seated outdoors, cross-legged in a full-length pose on a rug, wearing his familiar white loin cloth (dhoti) and with a Khadi shawl over his shoulders and arms, accompanied by a number of his disciples who are seated in the immediate background. Photograph by Balvant of Raipur and Ahmedabad, and with his typescript credit and caption ‘Mahatmaji’s latest picture in his characteristic Budhist (sic) posture of sitting’ to the verso. Further dated 13th May 1931 in blue indelible pencil to the verso, which also features the blue ink signature of V. Kalyanam, Gandhi’s personal secretary. Signed (‘M K Gandhi’) by Gandhi in blue fountain pen ink with his name alone to a light area at the base of the image. Signed photographs of Gandhi have always been rare and remain highly desirable. Some very light, minimal age wear and with a couple of very minor, insignificant surface creases. VGOn 15th May 1931, just a matter of days after the present photograph was taken, Gandhi announced that he would attend the second Round Table Conference on Indian independence in London. In all, three Round Table Conferences would be held between 1930-32, with Gandhi only attending the second. Indeed, in December 1929 Gandhi had refused to be present at the London meetings and, in accordance with the law, the Viceroy arrested Gandhi and sent him to prison. However, Gandhi’s presence would prove vital to the success of the peace conferences, and he was the only representative of the Indian National Congress at the second Round Table conference which opened at the St. James Palace in London on 7th September 1931. Kalyanam (1922-2021) Indian freedom fighter who served as Mahatma Gandhi’s personal secretary during the last few years of Gandhi’s life (1943-48). Kalyanam was standing just behind Gandhi when the latter was shot and was the first to inform Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabhbhai Patel of Gandhi’s death. The presence of Kalyanam’s signature on the present photograph indicates that it originated from his personal archives.

LEGENDRE ADRIEN-MARIE: (1752-1833) French mathematician who made numerous contributions to mathematics. A fine, rare A.L.S., Legendre, two pages, small 4to, Paris, 19th December 1817, to the members of the Royal Commission of Public Instruction, in French. Legendre writes following an ordinance of the King relating to the pensions of former members of the Council of the university, stating that he has received their extract of the ordinance and remarking 'Puisqu'une ordonnance du Roy etoit necessaire pour rendre special le tire de chaque pension, peut etre auriez-vous pu profiter de cette circonstance, Messieurs, pour solliciter en notre faveur une interpretation de l'ordonnance du 17 fevrier 1815, qu'eut designe nos pensions par le meme mot dont M. de Fontanes a si heureusement profite, pour empecher que sa pension de 30,000 fr. fut reduite comme les notres a 6000' (Translation: 'Since an ordinance from the King was necessary to make the drawing of each special pension, perhaps you could have taken advantage of this circumstance, gentlemen, to solicit in our favour an interpretation of the ordinance of 17th February 1815, which would have been designated by the same word which M. de Fontanes so happily took advantage of to prevent his pension of 30,000 francs being reduced like ours to 6000') and concluding 'Nous aurions aussi connu le pouvoir d'un mot mis a sa place, et en mon particulier je n'aurois pas ete aussi rudement froisse de l'application rigoureuse de la loi du dernier Budget' (Translation: 'We would also have known the power of a word put in its place, and in my particular case I would not have been so rudely offended by the rigorous application of the law of the last Budget'). With integral address leaf in Legendre's hand. A few contemporary ink annotations in an unidentified hand appear at the head of the first page. VGLouis-Marcelin de Fontanes (1757-1821) Marquis de Fontanes. French poet and politician, commissioned by Napoleon to write a eulogy on George Washington. Fontanes was the lover of Napoleon's sister, Elisa Bonaparte, for several years and the liaison assured him of his fortune. In 1808 Napoleon appointed Fontanes as Grand Master of the University of Paris, a post he held until 1815. Fontanes was accused of servility to Napoleon, although did consistently support religious and monarchical principles and it was therefore easy to foresee the joy with which Fontanes greeted the return of King Louis XVIII at the Restoration. The King rewarded him with a seat in the Chamber of Peers and also made him a Marquis on 31st August 1817. He had already been a Count since 1808 by the grace of the Emperor.

LE CORBUSIER: (1887-1965) Charles-Edouard Jeanneret. Swiss-French architect, designer and urban planner, a pioneer of modern architecture. An exceptional typescript MS, Le Corbusier, ten pages (separate leaves, typed to the rectos only), 4to, Paris, 1st March 1938 (although the place and date struck through in ink by Le Corbusier), in French. The working manuscript, with many holograph corrections, is titled Un Homme Chez Lui ('A Man at Home') and states, in part, 'C'est ici que la notion de liberte prend toute sa force. Au sein de cette organisation saine de la vie des hommes reunis en societe: "La Ville Radieuse", commandee par une discipline acceptee avec joie, la cellule d'habitation s'ouvre derriere une porte de logis. Et ici, la clef tournee, un homme est chez lui. Il est entre. Que fera-t-il? Ce qu'il voudra! Ce qu'il pourra.......Et il sera maitre de son destin, un un sens limite, bien entendu: celui de la libre expression de son imagination. Et nous trouverons alors, au pied du mur, ce terrible "Francais individualiste" dont les mechantes langues et les decides-a-rien-faire levent les fantomes innombrables a chacune de nos propisitions. J'avais mis en exergue a mon rapport sur l'urbanisation de la Ville de Moscou, en 1930, ceci: Je place comme pierre angulaire de toute urbanisation moderne le respect sacrede la liberte individuelle. On m'en avait voulu. Mais qu'importe!.......Cette gageure qui fut proposee dans "Urbanisme" en 1924 elle a ete meme: "La Ville Radieuse". Il existe desormais une doctrine d'equipement des villes dont la clef de voute est: soleil, espace, verdure, en chaque logis. En chaque logis! Voici donc ce que la societe moderne peut apporter a chacun de ses membres, par l'enterprise des grands travaux de readaptation des villes aux besoins d'une conscience nouvelle.......Une telle transformation dans la coupe du logis est une veritable revolution architecturale. Le logis devient une petite maison. Et que m'importe que ces petites maisons soient a dix, rangees les unes au-dessus des autres et qu'elles s'alignent innombrablement au long d'une "rue interienne": l'homme est entre chez lui, il a ferme la porte. Il a recu le choc de set amenagement architectural: grand et puis intime, et tout ce soleil, cet espace et ces verdures que cette reforme a precisement permis de capter. Je dis que cet homme desormais n'est plus jamais le chien battu qui hante les "boites locatives" de nos villes......cet homme chez lui a perdu le souvenir des lourdes tribulations que lui et sa famille ont vecu depuis toujours. Riche ou miserable, c'etait l'absence pour tous des "joies essentielles". Les "joies essentielles" sont apportees a la societe moderne par les techniques modernes, l'invitation urbanistique et la poesie de l'architecture. Ceci n'est pas d'utopie. Depuis 20 ans, des travaux limites ont ete accomplis, fixant les etapes constructives. Chez nous et ailleurs, par nous et par d'autres. Il existe deja des fragments - des jalons, des preuves - de "Ville Radieuse"......' (Translation: 'This is where the notion of freedom comes into its own. Within this healthy organisation of the life of men gathered in society: "La Ville Radieuse" (The Radiant City), governed by a discipline accepted with joy, the living cell opens behind a door of dwelling. And here, with the key turned, a man is at home. He has entered. What will he do? Whatever he wants! Whatever he can.......And he will be master of his destiny, in a limited sense, of course: that of the free expression of his imagination. And then we'll have that terrible 'individualistic Frenchman' at our heels, whose nasty tongues and decide to do nothing raise countless ghosts at every one of our proprieties. In my report on the urbanisation of the City of Moscow in 1930, I wrote the following: I place as the cornerstone of all modern urban development the sacred respect for individual freedom. People were angry with me. But never mind!.......This challenge, which was proposed in "Urbanisme" in 1924, was even called "La Ville Radieuse". There is now a doctrine for equipping towns and cities, the key to which is sun, space and greenery in every home. In every home! Here, then, is what modern society can bring to each and every one of its members, by undertaking the great work of readapting cities to the needs of a new consciousness......Such a transformation in the cross-section of the dwelling is a real architectural revolution. The dwelling becomes a small house. And it doesn't matter to me that there are ten of these little houses, arranged one above the other and lined up innumerably along an "internal street": the man has entered his home, he has closed the door. He received the shock of the architectural layout: large and then intimate, and all the sun, space and greenery that this reform made it possible to capture. I'm saying that this man will never again be the beaten dog that haunts the 'rental boxes' of our cities.......this man at home has lost all memory of the heavy tribulations that he and his family have always endured. Rich or miserable, it was the absence for all of the "essential joys". These "essential joys" are brought to modern society by modern technology, inviting urban planning and poetic architecture. This is not utopia. Over the last 20 years, a great deal of work has been done to define the constructive stages. Here and elsewhere, by us and by others. There are already fragments - milestones, proof - of the "La Ville Radieuse"......'). A rare manuscript of excellent content. A few minor tears and light creasing to the edges of some pages and the final page with a small area of paper loss to the lower left corner. GVille Radieuse (The Radiant City) was an unrealised urban design project designed by Le Corbusier in 1930. It constitutes one of the most influential and controversial urban design doctrines of European modernism.Le Corbusier's essay Un homme chez lui was published in Les Plans de Paris 1956-1922 in 1956.

GORDON DEXTER: (1923-1990) American jazz Saxophonist, Composer, and Bandleader. Gordon is widely considered one of the most influential early bepop musicians. Gordon's height was 6 feet 6 inches (198 cm), and for this reason he was also known as "Long Tall Dexter" or "Sophisticated Giant". Rare signed 7 x 5 photograph by Gordon, the image showing the iconic Saxophonist in a half-length pose, standing and performing in Holland in July 1979. Signed in March 1980 in Koln, in bold blue ink to a partially dark area to the bottom right corner of the image. G

ALEXANDER VII: (1599-1667) Pope of the Roman Catholic Church and Ruler of the Papal States 1655-67. Born Fabio Chigi, he was a member of the very rich Sienese banker family, a patron of the arts, he commissioned the colonnades and the piazza in front of St. Peter´s basilica to his preferred artist, Gianlorenzo Bernini. Alexander VII canonized St. Francis of sales in 1662, who he admired and knew during his youth. At the early age of 35 he was appointed apostolic Delegate and Inquisitor of the Holy See in Malta.Very rare letter, signed with his born name, L.S., `F. Card.[inale] Chigi´ one page, 4to, Rome, 18th February 1654, to Monsignore Ottaviano Prati, in Italian. The future Pope, he would be elected only a year later, thanks his correspondent for the good welcome given to the Duke of Terranova, as extraordinary Ambassador envoy to Rome by the King of Spain, Philip IV. Cardinal Chigi states in part `Si e udito con gusto di qua l´avviso participato da V[ostra] S.[ignoria] con la sua lettera de 14 corrente circa ilmodo del ricevimento fatto da Lei al sig.[nor] Duca di Terranova, e l´espressioni di stima, e gradimento dimostrato...´ (Translation: "We have heard with pleasure the opinion shared by Your Honorable Sir in your letter of the 14th regarding the manner of the reception given by you to the Duke of Terranova, and the expressions of esteem, and demonstrated satisfaction...") With address leaf bearing a contemporary receipt annotation and a paper seal affixed in good condition. Overall age wear with two small areas of paper loss to the edges, only affecting one letter to the heading.​ G Ottaviano Prati, Governor General of the province of Campagna from 1653.Diego Aragona Tagliavia, Duc de Terranova and Prince of Castelvetrano (1596-1663) In 1654, the year of the present letter, The Duke of Terranova played a very important role in the election of Alexander VII as Pope less than a year after, suceeding Pope Innocent X who in his later years, suffered from gout, causing him intense pain and severely restricting his movements. The eighty-year-old pontiff's health began to decline in August 1654. The Duke of Terranova succeeded in corrupting several Cardinals through pressures, pensions or various charges. Alexander VII was the chosen one by the Spanish Royal court. ​

[BATTLE OF BRITAIN]: CLOWES ARTHUR (1912-1949) British Squadron Leader, a fighter pilot and flying ace (credited with at least 10 victories) of the RAF during World War II who participated in the Battle of Britain. Portion of a D.S., A V Clowes, one page, oblong 8vo, n.p., n.d. (30th August 1940). The document was signed by Clowes whilst serving with No. 1 Squadron and originally formed part of a Combat Report, the typed text stating, in part, 'I sighted enemy.....15 leading Bombers fairly close at 11,000 ft. with twenty to thirty stragglers up to 15,000 ft and a larger number of ME 110's (50 to 60) up to 15, to 25,000 ft in no standard formation. I looped up to one ME 110 and gave him a short burst which caused the starboard engine to omit a strong streak of white smoke. I then made an astern attack on three HE 111's at 12,000 ft. The first HE 111 omitted smoke and some flames......My range in each attack was about 250 yds and bursts about two seconds each'. Autographs of Clowes are rare as a result of his death from liver cancer at the young age of 37. Some very light, extremely minor creasing, VG

CALLAS MARIA & BERNSTEIN LEONARD: Maria Callas (1923-1977) American-born Greek soprano, & Leonard Bernstein (1918-1990) American Conductor & Composer of West Side Story (1957). An excellent and rare vintage signed 4 x 6 photograph by Callas and Bernstein, the image showing Callas standing in a full length pose in costume as Amina from Vincenzo Bellini's opera La Sonnambula (1827), alongside Bernstein, standing in a full length pose, indicating something to Callas on scene during a rehearsal. Photograph by Erio Piccagliani for Teatro Alla Scala, Milan. Individually signed ('Maria Callas') in bold black ink to a largely clear area of the image and `Leonard Bernstein´, in bold blue ink, to the upper clear part of the image. VG

MINEO SAL: (1939-1976) American actor, remembered for his role as John 'Plato' Crawford in Rebel Without a Cause (1955) alongside James Dean. Vintage signed and inscribed 5 x 7 photograph, the heavy cardstock image depicting Mineo in a head and shoulders pose. Signed in bold black ink to a light area of the background. Signed photographs of Mineo are rare as a result of his tragic murder at the young age of 37. One very light, extremely minor corner crease, otherwise EX

PAZ OCTAVIO: (1914-1998) Mexican poet, Nobel Prize winner for Literature, 1990. A.L.S., Octavio Paz, one page, 8vo, Mexico, 24th April 1971, to Tom Maschler. Paz thanks his correspondent for the copies of Configurations ('Yes, it is a handsome book and I like it very much') and continues to enquire about publishing two other works 'Have you decided something about Renga - in Cape Galliard? [Charles] Tomlinson has already the English translation. And the book on Levi-Strauss?'. Rare. VGTom Maschler (1933-2020) British publisher who, from 1960, was head of the publishing company Jonathan Cape for more than three decades. Maschler was also instrumental in establishing the Booker Prize in 1969.Charles Tomlinson (1927-2015) English poet, translator and academic who was one of the collaborators with Paz for the anthology Renga: A Chain of Poems (1972).

LAENNEC RENE: (1781-1826) French physician who invented the stethoscope in 1816 and pioneered its use in diagnosing various chest conditions. A rare A.L.S., Laennec, two pages, small 4to, n.p., 12th January 1811, to his father ('Mon cher papa'), in French. Laennec acknowledges that he has received his father's latest letter and box, declaring 'Je vous fais mille remerciements, vous ne pouviez me faire un present plus agreable que celui la' (Translation: 'I give you a thousand thanks, you could not give me a more pleasant present than this one'), further adding that he will have a crucifix repaired and remarking 'Cela serait deja fait sans les occupations et les embarras ou je me trouve depuis trois semaines et qui m'ont empeche egalement de vous offrir plutot les voeux que je fais pour que cette nouvelle annee soit plus heureuse pour vous et par conseequent pour nous tous que celle qui vient de s'ecouler' (Translation: 'This would already have been done without the occupations and the discomfitures in which I have been for three weeks and which have also prevented me from offering you the wishes that I am making so that this New Year will be more happy for you and consequently for all of us than the one that has just passed'), and continuing to write 'Le principal de ces embarras est le depart prochain du Cardinal pour Rennes. Il m'a propose de m'emmener avec lui jusques la. Ce projet me plait beaucoup. Je serais fort aise d'aller voir un peu s'il n'y a pas moyen de faire finir promptement l'etat de gene dans lequel je me trouve et qui m'empeche de faire mes voeux ce que je desirerais. Mais mille raisons trop longues a deduire me retiennent ici. La plus forte est la difficulte d'arracher a ceux qui me doivent de quoi faire ce voyage. Si je puis lever celle la, je romprai toutes les autres entraves. Ainsi il n'est pas impossible que j'aye sous peu le plaisir de vous embrasser. Je vous embrasse dans cette esperance et je finis promptement: car quoique je ne sache encore pas si je partirai, je fais toutes mes dispositions comme si j'en etais sur et je n'ai pas de temps a perdre.' (Translation: 'The principal of these discomfitures is the imminent departure of the Cardinal for Rennes. He offered to take me with him there….I would be very happy to go and see if there is not a way of quickly ending the state of embarrassment in which I find myself and which prevent me from fulfilling the wishes that I would like. But a thousand reasons too long to deduce keep me here. The strongest is the difficulty of snatching from those who owe me money to make this trip. If I can lift this one, I will break all the other shackles. So it is not impossible that I will shortly have the pleasure of kissing you. I embrace you in this hope….for although I do not yet know if I will leave, I am making all my arrangements as if I were sure of it and I have no time to lose'). With address panel in Laennec's hand. Autograph letters of Laennec are rare as a result of his untimely death from tuberculosis at the age of 45. A couple of very light, small circular stains (caused by the original seal) only very slightly affecting a few words of text which remain perfectly legible, otherwise VGLaennec was intensely religious and was a devout Catholic all of his life, and has been described as a sincere Christian who adhered to his religion and was a man of the greatest probity, habitually observant of his religious and social duties; all qualities which are illustrated in the present letter.

VOSKHOD 1: Vintage signed colour 3 x 5 photograph by all three crew members of the Voskhod 1 mission (1964) individually comprising Vladimir Komarov (Command Pilot), Konstantin Feoktistov (Engineer) and Boris Yegorov (Medical Doctor), the image depicting them in head and shoulders poses together, Komarov wearing his uniform. Signed by each of the cosmonauts in blue fountain pen inks to the lower white border and also dated 13th October 1964 in Feoktistov's hand, being the landing date of the mission. Autographs of Komarov are rare as a result of his tragic death at the age of 40 during the Soyuz 1 mission, thereby becoming the first human to die in a space flight. One small corner crease and a few very minor surface marks, otherwise VG

Karel de Nerée tot Babberich, Dutch 1880-1909 - Symbolist drawing of a woman; pencil on paper, signed lower right 'K de Nerée tot Babberich', 32.5 x 20.6 cm Note: the artist worked in a Symbolist style, much like his contemporaries Aubrey Beardsley and Jan Toorop. This is a brilliant and rare example of his work, due to his tragically short life. The artist never exhibited during his lifetime, but exhibitions have been held internationally since his death and works are now in important collections, including the Musee d'Orsay. His work was also included in the show 'Art Nouveau' at MoMA, New York in 1960, alongside Odilon Redon, Alphonse Mucha and Charles Rennie Mackintosh. 

A RARE SPODE GREEN TRANSFER PRINTED BIDET, AESOP'S FABLES marked; 'TE WOLF. THE LAMB AND THE GOAT' (sic) impressed No. 81, 19th century, in mahogany stand (lacking cover)

United Kingdom Henry VIII proof silver Testoon, quality retro coin with the bearded bust of Henry VIII, Rev A crowned Tudor rare with H and R (Henry Rex) high quality London Mint Certificate