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Lot 1
William the Lion (1165-1214), Crescent and Pellet coinage, Phase I, Sterling, Phase I, Perth, Folpolt, bust left with wide crown and holding sceptre with cross potent sceptre-head, le rei willam:·:, rev. folpolt de pert:, short cross pattée with crescent and pellet in each angle, 1.34g/7h (SCBI 35, 29-30; cf. B 2-4, figs. 30, 31; S 5024). Good very fine with old cabinet toning, rare £600-£800 --- Provenance: bt Seaby February 1982 Until the discovery of the Dyke Hoard in 1780, coins of the Crescent and Pellet coinage were virtually unknown. Even now, they are still scarce, the earlier type with cross potent sceptre head being considerably rarer than the later cross pommée variety. Minting at Perth may have started in the mid 1170s, after the loss of various castles to the English under the 1174 Treaty of Falaise.
Lot 100
Robert II (1371-1390), Groat, Phase 3, Dundee, mm. cross pattée, normal ‘Robert II’ head, small b behind, tressure of six arcs, trefoils in spandrels, star on sceptre-handle, line below bust, double crosslet stops, nothing after scottorvm, double saltire after dns, plain a both sides, 3.26g/7h (SCBI 35, 478; B 15, fig. 332, same dies; S 5135). Slightly small of flan, very fine, toned, very rare £1,000-£1,200 --- Provenance: bt Spink December 1974 Dundee seems to have operated as a mint for a short time only, its rare coins struck from very few dies, mostly marked with a small b behind the head. Probably struck around 1385 in the aftermath of an English invasion.
Lot 101
Robert II (1371-1390), Groat, Phase 3, Edinburgh, mm. cross pattée, normal ‘Robert II’ head, tressure of six arcs, saltires in spandrels, no star on sceptre-handle, no line below bust, double crosslet stops after robertvs, dei and gra, double saltires after rex, nothing after scottorvm, double saltire after dns, reads pectort, plain a both sides, 3.10g/11h (SCBI 35, –; B 9, fig. 334, same obv. die; S 5134). A little small of flan, about very fine, the variety very rare £300-£400 --- Provenance: Patrick Finn FPL 18, January 2000 (352) This obverse die was used at Perth with a Phase 2 reverse die. The vendor notes that specimens from this stage of the coinage are often found clipped down, possibly to match more closely the weight of the subsequent Robert III issues.
Lot 102
Robert II (1371-1390), Groat, Phase 3/2 mule, Perth, mm. cross pattée, normal ‘Robert II’ head, small b behind, tressure of six arcs, trefoils in spandrels, star on sceptre-handle, faint line below bust, double crosslet stops, nothing after scottorvm, crescent and crosslet after dns, plain a both sides, 3.66g/1h (cf. SCBI 35, 458-9; B 7, fig. 328, same obv. die; S 5137). Slightly flat in places, very fine, toned and very rare £300-£400 --- Provenance: Mrs Joan E.L. Murray Collection, Baldwin Auction 26, 9 May 2001, lot 1870; CNG e-Auction 429, 26 September 2018, lot 560; bt ABC Coins and Tokens October 2018 This is a only phase 2 obverse die with a b added behind the head recorded from the Perth mint.
Lot 103
Robert II (1371-1390), Groat, Perth, mm. cross pattée, large head similar to first intermediate bust of David II, no star on sceptre handle, tressure of six arcs, nothing in spandrels, reads seotorvm, quatrefoil stops, no stop at end of legend, crescent and crosslet after dns, 3.86g/5h (SCBI 35, 476; cf. B 14, fig. 335; cf. S 5136). Very fine, toned, very rare £500-£700 --- Provenance: bt Spink February 1982 A rare and anomalous issue which is difficult to place in the chronology of the reign. Most specimens are well struck on large round flans but all lack the star on the sceptre handle which signified the weight reduction of 1366/7. The Ashmolean specimen at 4.02g and the present one at 3.99g are at the top of the normal weight range for Robert II Groats; the Davidson specimen (DNW 60, lot 372) weighed 3.53g although still struck on a full flan.
Lot 107
Robert III (1390-1406), Heavy coinage, First issue, Groat, Edinburgh, mm. cross pattée, tressure of seven arcs, large trefoils on cusps, no stops, rev. three pellets in quarters of cross, saltire stop after dns, inner legend without stops, rs replace bs in legend both sides, 2.79g/1h (cf. SCBI 35, –; SCBI 72, 18, and B 1, fig. 337, same rev. die; S 5164A). Slightly double-struck, good very fine, toned, an early variety without stops on the obverse, unpublished £300-£400 --- Provenance: DNW Auction 65, 16 March 2005, lot 891 In his notes, the vendor points out that this is the first Scottish Groat to extend the tressure under the bust and one of only very few (early) dies that have no obverse stops. The layout of the reverse legend ending tor ms in the final quarter seems to be confined only to this tiny issue.
Lot 115
Robert III (1390-1406), Heavy coinage, Second issue, Groat, Perth, mm. cross potent, tressure of eight arcs (one very indistinct below bust), trefoils on some cusps, nothing on breast, saltire and pellet stops, rev. three pellets in quarters of cross, saltire and pellet stops after dns, tector, ms, villa and de, double saltire and pellet after p, pellet after r of perth, 2.78g/1h (SCBI 35, –; SCBI 72, 231-2, same dies; B –, fig. –; S 5170). Minor edge chip, otherwise good very fine, the variety very rare £300-£400 --- Provenance: bt ABC Coins and Tokens 2018
Lot 139
James II (1437-1460), First coinage, Groat, Fourth Fleur-de-lis issue, Edinburgh, mm. cross pattée, tressure of nine arcs with large lis on cusps, trefoils in spandrels, bust wearing mantle, pellets on crown, reads iacobvs and gracia, legend ends scotorvm, rev. three pellets in first and fourth quarters, lis in second and third quarters, nothing in centre of cross, double saltire stops both sides, 2.24g/6h (SCBI 35, 684 and B 17, fig. 508, same obv. die; SCBI 72, 615, same rev. die; S 5230). A few faint scratches on obverse, nearly very fine for issue and very rare £600-£800 --- Provenance: J. Davidson Collection, Part II, DNW Auction 60, 9-10 December 2003, lot 407 The vendor lists five criteria distinguishing the early dies of this issue - large pellets on the points of the crown, small trefoils in spandrels, small lettering of an almost uniform character and the readings gracia (in full) and scotorvm (one t).
Lot 144
James III (1460-1488), Light issue, c.1467, Groat, Edinburgh, mm. cross pattée, tressure of nine arcs, trefoils on cusps except above crown, small saltires by neck, reads d gra, legend ends scotorvm, rev. three pellets and saltire in first and fourth quarters, mullet of six points in second and third quarters, cross before vil, double saltire stops both sides, 2.63g/2h (SCBI 35, 740 and B 1, fig. 561, same dies; SCBI 72, 763, same obv. die; S 5263). Good very fine on a full flan, probably much as struck and very rare thus £1,200-£1,500 --- Provenance: from the Thurston Gardens, Innerwick (East Lothian) Hoard, 1979 (no. 58); bt D.L. Cavanagh 1983 Although there is no documentary evidence for the weight reduction of the Scottish coinage, indirect evidence would suggest c. 1467, a few years after the English initiative. The sporadic mint records show 83 lbs of silver being struck June 1467-68, after almost no production during the previous couple of years. The obverse die of the current specimen was used only at Edinburgh and is found coupled with two reverse dies, this one and another which also couples with the T and L by bust die (S 5265/5266), used at both Edinburgh and Berwick.
Lot 145
James III (1460-1488), Base silver issue, 1471-83, Groat, Edinburgh, mm. cross, tressure of eight arcs broken by bust, trefoils on cusps at sides, rev. medium large mullet of six points in first and fourth quarters, large thistle-head in second and third quarters, double saltires after bvrg, 2.15g/8h (cf. SCBI 35, 749-52; SCBI 72, 809, for same rev. reading; cf. B 8, fig. –, probably same obv. die; S 5270). Carelessly struck but good very fine or better and probably much as made, very rare thus £1,200-£1,500 --- Provenance: bt Spink December 1974 While the Penny Scots had been subject to debasement since the reign of Robert III, it is only in the 1460s that the larger coins underwent the same process. Originally interpreted as the ‘aloyt grot’ mentioned in the Act of Parliament of 6 May 1471, the internal numismatic evidence, (lettering punches, stops etc,) suggests a date at least five years later. A lighter and baser coin circulating alongside a stronger piece, and tariffed accordingly, is a concept well understood throughout much of 15th century Europe but completely alien to the English monetary system.
Lot 153
James V (1513-1542), Second coinage, Groat, Holyrood Abbey mint, type IIa (i), bust right with wide-collared mantle and single-arched crown, twelve jewels to band, annulet above r of gra, rev. shield with angled and pointed base, cross-ends A, reads edinbvrgi, double annulet stops both sides, 2.59g/9h (SCBI 35, 916, same obv. die; SCBI 58, 53; SCBI 71, 358; B 19, fig. 720, same obv. die; S 5377, this coin illustrated). Small metal flaw on shoulder, a few light surface marks, otherwise good very fine or better on a full flan, extremely rare thus £1,200-£1,500 --- Provenance: H.A. Parsons Collection, Part II, Glendining Auction, 11-13 May 1954, lot 729; R. Carlyon-Britton Collection; J.K.R. Murray Collection, Spink Auction 57, 29 April 1987, lot 172; L.M. LaRiviere Collection, Spink Auction 179, 29 March 2006, lot 89; Spink Auction 230, 15 July 2015, lot 455 Stevenson has suggested that that the Groats of type II resulted from Achesoun’s second contract in November 1526. The portrait used in the early stages of the groat coinage is notable in that it can bear no possible resemblance to the King himself, who was only 14 years old at the time.
Lot 154
James V (1513-1542), Second coinage, Groat, Holyrood Abbey mint, type IIIa (ii), bust right with wide-collared mantle and double-arched crown, nine jewels to band, strawberry-leaf decorations, trefoil of pellets behind head, rev. shield with rounded base, cross-ends D, pelleted v in oppidv, contraction after r of edinbvrgi, trefoil stops both sides, 2.63g/12h (SCBI 35, 936, same obv. die; SCBI 58, 67; SCBI 71, 372; cf. B 17, fig. 718; S 5378). Good very fine £600-£800 --- Provenance: Revd J.H. Pollexfen Collection, Sotheby Auction, 26-28 June 1900, lot 317; Lord Grantley Collection, Part V, Glendining Auction, 18-19 May 1944, lot 1754 (part); R.C. Lockett Collection, Part I, Glendining Auction, 18-19 June 1957, lot 296 [or 297?] (part); A Distinguished Collection of Scottish Coins and Medals, Spink Auction 20, 31 March 1982, lot 150 The first numismatic indication of an Edinburgh mint situated other than in Edinburgh Castle comes with the name Abbey Crowns - referring to the gold coinage of James V introduced in 1526. Their legends also refer to the Holy Cross (Rood). Holyrood Palace, as begun by James IV, was completed in 1505, though much extended during his son’s reign. The mint, apparently situated in the outer court of the palace on the south side of the Canongate, may have been established at this time. The abbey is mentioned in connection with coin dies as early as 1502 and Matthew Auchinleck, a moneyer up until 1507, was a Burgess of Canongate. [Abridged from Lord Stewartby’s article ‘Scottish Mints’ (Mint Dies and Currency pp.244-5)]
Lot 155
James V (1513-1542), Second coinage, Groat, Holyrood Abbey mint, type IIIc (i), bust right with wide-collared mantle, smooth chain and single-arched crown, seven jewels to band, strawberry-leaf decorations, nothing in field, rev. shield with rounded base, cross-ends E, pelleted v in oppidv, trefoil stops both sides, 2.73g/11h (SCBI 35, 927-8, same obv. die in a later state; cf. SCBI 58, 90-1; SCBI 71, 388; cf. B 8, fig. 712; S 5378). Light crease, very fine or better, scarce £400-£500 --- Provenance: Mark Rasmussen FPL 26, Summer 2014 (255)
Lot 156
James V (1513-1542), Second coinage, Groat, Holyrood Abbey mint, type IIIc (ii), bust right with wide-collared mantle, smooth chain and single-arched crown, seven jewels to band, strawberry-leaf decorations, two pellets in field above left shoulder, rev. shield with rounded base, cross-ends E, pelleted v in oppidv, trefoil stops both sides, 2.71g/4h (SCBI 35, 927, same obv. die; SCBI 58, 90; SCBI 71, 388 and B 8, fig. 712, same obv. die; S 5378). Good very fine with an attractive portrait £500-£700 --- Provenance: bt ABC Coins and Tokens January 2010 As in the contemporary English series, the gradual and somewhat haphazard changeover from Lombardic to Roman lettering takes place during this period. This obverse, found paired with no less than 13 reverse dies, shows the Gothic letter D for the last time as well as the two-pellet privy mark in the field.
Lot 157
James V (1513-1542), Second coinage, Groat, Holyrood Abbey mint, type IVa, bust right with wide-collared mantle, smooth chain and single-arched crown, five jewels to band, lis decorations, nothing in field, rev. shield with rounded base, cross-ends E, pelleted v in oppidv, trefoil stops both sides, 2.64g/1h (SCBI 35, –; SCBI 58, 112; SCBI 71, –; B 6, fig. 708, same dies; S 5379). Creased, good fine or better, the variety extremely rare £300-£400 --- Provenance: bt D.L. Cavanagh February 1982 This is the earlier variety of type IV, with the new portrait but retaining the trefoil stops of the previous type; only known from two obverse dies, it is very rare.
Lot 173
Charles II (1649-1685), Merk, 1665, type II, small leaved thistle below bust, 6.35g/12h (D 17; M 13; SCBI 35 –; B 2, fig. 1051, same rev. die; S 5611; KM 102.1). Good fine or better for issue £200-£260 --- Provenance: bt 2004 Although a new coinage was ordered by an Act of the Scottish Parliament passed on 12 June 1661, no coins were struck until 1664. Production of Merks seems to have been fairly limited in 1664 and 1665, amounting to little more than 2,000 pieces each year.
Lot 174
Charles II (1649-1685), Merk, 1673, leaved thistle below bust, colon after dei, 6.24g/3h (D 24; M 20; SCBI 35, 1590ff; B 11, fig. –; S 5611). Edge a little irregular in parts, very fine or better for issue, scarce £240-£300 --- Provenance: M.G. Linger Collection, CNG Mailbid Sale 88, 14 September 2011, lot 2092 The Mint Registers show that 97,921 Merks were made in (but not necessarily dated) 1673. The vendor points out the high number of dies used. He has records of 25 specimens from 13 obverse and 13 reverse dies, with only three die-linked coins among the 25.
Lot 175
Charles II (1649-1685), Merk, 1670, type II, thistle below bust, colon after dei and date, 6.51g/3h (D 21; Murray 17; SCBI 35, 1581; B 7, fig. –; S 5611). Struck from a cracked and worn obverse die, very fine, reverse better £240-£300 --- Provenance: bt March 2013 The state of the obverse die on this coin prompts the following comment from the vendor: ‘The frequency with which coins produced from cracked and damaged dies turn up in this series suggests that they were not well suited to the machinery in use, which dated from Charles I’s Third coinage’.
Lot 2
William the Lion (1165-1214), Short Cross and Stars coinage, Phase A, Sterling, Phase A, Roxburgh, Raul, bust left, le rei wilam, rev. ravl· on· roecbv, short voided cross, four stars of six points in angles, 1.43g/10h (SCBI 35, 54, same rev. die; B 5/3a and figs. 45/42A, same dies; S 5027). Nearly very fine and toned but part flat £200-£300 --- Provenance: bt Spink March 1982 It is generally assumed that the introduction of the Short Cross coinage dates from 1195 because of a reference in the contemporary Melrose Chronicle, although this is a full fifteen years after the changeover in England. Roxburgh was the most important mint at this period, with Raul responsible for more than half the entire production of Phase A.
Lot 20
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class A, mm. plain cross on obv. only, bust left with little backsweep to hair, reads alexsander and g’eia, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, reads rex· scot:torvm, 1.37g/7h (SCBI 35, 192/194 and B 6a/8b, figs. 147A/148B, same dies; S 5050). Nearly very fine, rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: bt M.R. Vosper October 2002 Class A has all the hallmarks of the early stages of a new coinage, including variations in bust and legend as can be seen on this scarce specimen. The generally high standard of production may reflect the employment of moneyers brought in from the Continent, as happened in Edward I’s recoinage some months or years before.
Lot 21
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ba, mm. cross potent, bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.38g/9h (SCBI 35, 177ff; B 3, fig. 142; S 5052). Nearly very fine, toned £80-£100 --- Provenance: Patrick Finn FPL 17, September 1999 (368)
Lot 22
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ba/M mule, mm. cross potent on obv., plain cross on rev., bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.32g/12h (cf. SCBI 35, 177; cf. B 2, fig. 142; S 5052/5053). Tiny edge chip, a few surface marks, otherwise good very fine, the mule very rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: bt August 2011 The vendor notes that this obverse die is from an unusual and extremely rare punch.
Lot 23
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ba/M mule, mm. cross potent on obv., plain cross on rev., bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.30g/1h (SCBI 35, 179/198; B 2, fig. 142, same obv. die; S 5052/5053). Slight rim loss at 7 o’clock on obverse, otherwise good very fine, the mule very rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: bt J. Phillimore May 2006
Lot 24
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Bc, mm. cross potent, bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.43g/3h (SCBI 35, 184; B 2, fig. 141; S 5052). On a full flan, good very fine and attractively toned, rare thus £200-£260 --- Provenance: from the Middridge (Co Durham) Hoard, 1974; bt Spink February 1982 This coin is from the Middridge hoard which, it is believed, was made up of two elements - a group of high grade pennies from the 1280s which seem to represent a savings hoard and a quantity of later and generally more worn coins from circulation which was added to the former at the time of concealment, c. 1310.
Lot 25
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Bd, mm. cross potent, bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.40g/11h (SCBI 35, 188; B 2, fig. 142; S 5052). Full, round, very fine and toned, rare as a true coin £150-£200 --- Provenance: bt ABC Coins and Tokens March 2004 The vendor estimates that true class Bd coins represent only one in five of coins with Bd obverses, the other 80% being Bd/M mules. This would seem to place this variety at the end of the class B sequence.
Lot 26
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Be/M mule, mm. cross potent on obv., plain cross on rev., bust left with wide, oval eyes, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.31g/7h (SCBI 35, –; B 16, 17, figs. 143-4; S 5052/5053). About very fine, the mule rare £150-£200 --- Provenance: bt ABC Coins and Tokens October 2012 Like the previous lot, the majority of class Be obverses are muled with later class M reverses.
Lot 27
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ma, mm. cross potent on obv., plain cross on rev., bust left with little backsweep to hair, pellet after gra, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.34g/4h (SCBI 35, –; B 9, fig. 150; S 5053). About very fine, the variety very rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: from the Mayfield (Sussex) Hoard 1968; bt ABC Coins and Tokens October 2008 The cross potent mintmark is unusual for class M coins and suggests that this coin belongs to an early period of the production run. It is normally found on the earlier classes A and B. The same conclusion can be drawn from the presence of the final pellet after gra.
Lot 28
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ma, mm. plain cross, bust left with little backsweep to hair, pellet before dei, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.45g/3h (SCBI 35, 195; cf. B figs. 150, 151 for rev.; S 5053). On a round flan, very fine, the variety very rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: bt October 2007 The pellet in the obverse legend points to a similar production date to the previous lot.
Lot 29
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Ma/A mule, mm. plain cross on obv. only, bust left with little backsweep to hair, pellet after alexander, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, reads rex· :scot:torvm, 1.43g/6h (SCBI 35, –; cf. B 23, fig. 153; S 5053/5050). Slightly buckled, about very fine, extremely rare, the colon stop before scot apparently unrecorded £200-£300 --- Provenance: bt October 2009 This coin again shows the transition between classes A and M, with the inclusion of punctuation in both legends.
Lot 3
William the Lion (1165-1214), Short Cross and Stars coinage, Phase B, Sterling, Phase B, no mint name, Hue Walter, crude bust left, le rei wilam, rev. hve walter :·, short voided cross, four stars of five points in angles, 1.48g/8h (cf. SCBI 35, 65; B 15, fig. 52; S 5029). About very fine £200-£260 --- Provenance: bt A.D. Hamilton July 1981 Coins of this type have a very distinctive portrait with a triple row of pellets running from the forehead to the neck. It looks so different from previous representations of the king’s hair (as well as contrasting with the beard), it may actually be intended to represent chain-mail which was often formed into a hood.
Lot 30
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb1, mm. cross potent on obv., cross pattée on rev., bust left with wider hair, small pellets on points of crown, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.36g/11h (SCBI 35, 197; B 15, fig. 157; S 5054). Very fine, the variety rare £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt in Edinburgh August 1982 The vendor points out two unusual features on this coin - the cross potent mintmark on the obverse and the small pellet decorations on the crown.
Lot 31
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb1/B mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross potent on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.39g/12h (SCBI 35, –; B 25, fig. 158; S 5054/5052). About very fine, the mule apparently extremely rare £150-£200 --- Provenance: bt in Edinburgh 1983 Mules between classes Ma and B are frequently met with - unlike Mb/B mules, which are extremely rare.
Lot 32
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb2/B mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross potent on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.39g/4h (SCBI 35, –; B 65, fig. 181; S 5054/5052). Very fine, the mule rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: bt A. Gillis August 2004 Rarer than the previous lot (according to the vendor’s records which have very many Alexander III Pennies on file)
Lot 33
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb2/R mule, mm. cross slightly fourchée on obv., cross pattée (?) on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.39g/10h (SCBI 35, 232; B 70, fig. 183; S 5054/5055A). Very fine, the variety extremely rare £150-£200 --- Provenance: stray metal detector find, found near Leicester 2010; bt ABC Coins and Tokens January 2012 Class R is a minor (and extremely rare) variety pointed out by North and Stewartby in their 1990 BNJ article ‘Single Cross Sterlings of Alexander III’.
Lot 34
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb3/E mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross potent on rev., bust left with wider hair, comma-shaped mark between e and r of alexander, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.27g/6h (SCBI 35, 242; B 71, fig. 189; S 5054/5056). Very fine, the obverse legend variety rare and unusual £100-£120 --- Provenance: bt D.L. Cavanagh September 1981
Lot 35
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mb3/D mule, mm. cross pattée on obv., plain cross on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, three mullets of six points, one star of seven points in angles, 1.26g/9h (SCBI 35, –; B 68, fig. 188; S 5054/5057). Good fine £60-£80 --- Provenance: bt D.L. Cavanagh August 1980
Lot 36
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mc1/D mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross pattée on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, two mullets of six points, two stars of seven points in angles, 1.40g/12h (SCBI 35, 282-3; B 49/68a, figs. 186/188A; S 5055/5057). Small rim chip, about very fine £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt ABC Coins and Tokens March 2004 Class Mc shows the first use of an integral crown punch as well as the appearance of a shoulder on the truncation.
Lot 37
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mc2, mm. plain cross, bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, three mullets of six points, one of five points in angles, 1.32g/10h (SCBI 35, 253; cf. B 47, fig. 185 for rev.; S 5055). Nearly very fine and toned £70-£90 --- Provenance: bt A. Gillis March 2004 Mullet of five points in the quarter beneath vm+
Lot 38
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class Mc2/D mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross potent on rev., bust left with wider hair, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.26g/1h (cf. SCBI 35, 221; B 68b, fig. 201A; S 5055/5057). Nearly very fine £70-£90 --- Provenance: DNW Auction 56, 11 December 2002, lot 266 (part)
Lot 39
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E1, mm. plain cross, lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of five points in angles, small pellets beneath sco and vm+, 1.25g/11h (SCBI 35, 250; B 34a, fig. 168A; S 5056). About very fine £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt D.L. Cavanagh April 1981
Lot 4
William the Lion (1165-1214), Short Cross and Stars coinage, Phase B, Sterling, Phase B, no mint name, Hue Walter, crude bust left, le rei wilao, rev. hve walter: (retrograde), short voided cross, four stars of five points, 1.37g/12h (cf. SCBI 35, 65; B 18 and fig. 53, same dies; S 5029). Obverse very fine, reverse nearly so, the retrograde reverse legend rare £200-£260 --- Provenance: bt A. Howitt November 2012 Coins with the distinctive retrograde legends are scarce and always have four stars of five points.
Lot 40
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E1, mm. cross pattée on obv., cross potent on rev., lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.38g/4h (SCBI 35, 204; B 37, fig. 169; S 5056). About very fine but flan slightly buckled and with a small edge chip £70-£90 --- Provenance: bt May 2005
Lot 41
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E1, mm. plain cross, lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, two mullets of six points and two stars of seven points in angles, 1.44g/9h (SCBI 35, 274; B 36/38, figs. 168/170; S 5056). Small edge nick, about very fine £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt D.L. Cavanagh August 1980
Lot 42
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E1, mm. cross pattée, lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, four stars of seven points in angles, 1.38g/8h (SCBI 35, –; B 42, fig. 172; S 5056). Very fine, toned, the 28-point reverse scarce and sought-after £150-£180 --- Provenance: from the Middridge (Co. Durham) Hoard, 1974; bt Spink February 1982 The vendor notes three coins of this variety in Middridge [nos. 266-8].
Lot 43
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E1/M mule, mm. cross pattée on obv., plain cross on rev., lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, three mullets of six points, one star of five points in angles, 1.31g/2h (SCBI 35, 259-60; B 64, fig. 177; S 5056/5055). Nearly very fine £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt S.J. Blencoe May 2008
Lot 44
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class E2, mm. cross potent, lettering with incurved uprights, bust left, rev. long cross, two mullets of six points and two of five in angles, 1.40g/9h (SCBI 35, –; B 35, fig. 167; S 5056). Small edge chip, about very fine and rare £100-£150 --- Provenance: bt M.R. Vosper March 2004 Possibly St Andrews, given that mint-signed coins of Baliol have this combination of stars and mullets totalling 22 points.
Lot 45
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterlings (2), both class E2/D mule, mm. plain cross on obv., cross pattée on rev., lettering incurved on obv., straight-sided on rev., bust left, revs. long cross, two mullets of six points and two stars of seven points in angles, 1.39g/9h, 1.34g/3h (SCBI 35, 266 and 278; B 62-3, figs. 175-6; S 5056/5057) [2]. Good fine £100-£150 --- Provenance: first bt Edinburgh Coin Shop December 1980; second bt A. Gillis May 2002
Lot 46
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class D1, mm. cross potent, straight-sided lettering, bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.40g/11h (SCBI 35, 202/201; B 55/27a, figs. 162/158A; S 5057). Nearly extremely fine but weak on face, the variety extremely rare £120-£150 --- Provenance: from the Gorefield (Cambridgeshire) Hoard, 1998; Baldwin Auction 21, 11-12 October 1999, lot unspecified; bt D.L. Cavanagh December 1999 Coins of class D1 with a 24-point reverse are not recorded by North/Stewartby in their 1990 article; however, the vendor has noted a misidentified specimen in the Ednam hoard [1406] and has a record of one other example which is damaged.
Lot 47
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class D1, mm. plain cross / cross potent, straight-sided lettering, bust left, rev. long cross, two mullets of six points, two stars of seven points in angles, 1.40g/2h (SCBI 35, 266; B 54/30a, figs. 161/160; S 5057). Small edge chip, about very fine, dark tone £80-£100 --- Provenance: bt in Edinburgh 1983 Class D appears to be the final issue of the 1280 recoinage. Judging from surviving examples, it seems to be have been produced in much reduced numbers and from fewer mints.
Lot 48
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class D2, mm. cross potent, straight-sided lettering, bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.46g/1h (SCBI 35, 200; B 27a, fig. 158A; S 5057). Better than very fine with a strong portrait £100-£120 --- Provenance: bt A. Gillis August 2001
Lot 49
Alexander III (1249-1286), Second coinage, Sterling, class D2/E mule, mm. cross potent, lettering straight-sided on obv., incurved on rev., bust left, rev. long cross, two mullets of six points and two stars of seven points in angles, 1.38g/5h (SCBI 35, 269, same obv. die; B 30/55, figs. 160/162; S 5057/5056). Very fine and toned £100-£150 --- Provenance: bt S.J. Blencoe October 2014
Lot 5
William the Lion (1165-1214), Short Cross and Stars coinage, Phase B, Sterling, Phase B, no mint name, Henri le Rus, crude bust left, triangle of pellets before chin, le rei wil[ – ], rev. svrelineh, short voided cross, two stars of six points, two of seven in angles, 1.39g/6h (Jones & Sugden dies E-8; SCBI 35, –; B –, fig. 61B, this coin; S 5031). Obverse about very fine, reverse fine or better, extremely rare and with an important provenance £300-£400 --- Provenance: R.W. Cochran-Patrick Collection; Property of a Gentleman, Christie’s Auction, 4 December 1984, lot 4; Lyon & Turnbull Auction (Edinburgh), 13 February 2008, lot 22; J. Sazama Collection, Part III, DNW Auction 101, 21 June 2012, lot 370 Henri struck a small group of coins which stand apart from those of the main moneyers - Hue, Walter and Raul. Note that the reverse legend is not truly retrograde - the letters are the right way round but placed backwards. Stylistically, they are often crude.
Lot 50
Alexander III (1249-1286), Posthumous coinage, Sterling, class J, mm. cross pattée, irregular lettering, crude bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.40g/8h (SCBI 35, 286, same obv. die/301 same rev. die [Baliol]; B 79, fig. 209, same obv. die; S 5059). Good fine or better for issue, very rare £150-£200 --- Provenance: bt Spink March 1982 This is the only obverse die of Class J and was made up from the same punches that were used for the earliest coins of John Baliol, including a distinctive mullet with a broken point [see following lot].
Lot 51
John Baliol (1292-1296), First coinage, Sterling, without mint name (probably Berwick), mm. cross pattée, small irregular lettering, crude bust left, rev. long cross, four mullets of six points in angles, 1.41g/6h (Stewartby and Holmes 13/at; SCBI 35, 300, same dies; B 1, fig. 210, same dies; S 5065). Nearly very fine for issue, rare £200-£260 --- Provenance: bt November 2004 In the opinion of the vendor ‘it seems likely that this First coinage was actually issued under Baliol, while the Second coinage is much more problematic’. The first coinage is a continuation of, and die-links with, Alexander’s type J which, like type H, was probably posthumous, being issued c. 1286-92. A mullet punch with a broken point, used on Baliol’s first coinage Sterlings (B 210A and 210B) is also found on some type J reverses [see previous lot].
Lot 52
John Baliol (1292-1296), Second coinage, Sterling, without mint name (possibly Aberdeen), larger lettering of better style, bust left, rev. long cross, two mullets and two stars of five points in angles, 1.37g/1h (Stewartby and Holmes 30/bh; SCBI 35, 306, same dies; B 18, fig. 221, same obv, die; S 5071). Good fine, toned, rare £150-£200 --- Provenance: bt June 2013 With the loss of Berwick to the English in 1296, St Andrews remained a mint in the second coinage. However it is the vendor’s belief that ‘the Second coinage resulted from a new administration, set up at the time of the guardianship of Wallace and [much of it] was issued from a northern mint, probably Aberdeen’.
Lot 53
Robert the Bruce (1306-1329), Sterling, mm. cross pattée, bust left of fine style, colon stops, rev. long cross, four mullets of five points in angles, 1.42g/1h (Holmes/Stewartby 4-u; SCBI 35, 318-320; B 1, fig. 225; S 5076). Good very fine, toned, very rare thus £1,200-£1,500 --- Provenance: bt July 2013 Hoard evidence strongly suggests that there was no coinage under Robert the Bruce until sometime shortly after the recovery of Berwick (and its operational mint) in 1318. Stylistic connections and the high standard of workmanship suggests that experienced moneyers were brought in from the Continent, probably Flanders, to produce a coinage in keeping with Bruce’s concern with the status and dignity of the Scottish crown.
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