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A RARE IVORY NETSUKE OF A KITSUNE (FOX) AND CUBUnsignedJapan, 18th centuryThe fox seated seated, her head turned down to the right and her brush erect as she rests one fore paw protectively on her recumbent offspring, resting and leaning against her forelimb. The curious faces carved with elongated eyes inlaid in dark horn, alert ears, and a slightly ajar mouth revealing the teeth within. Natural himotoshi.LENGTH 5.4 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and age cracks. One small chip to the vixen's ear and minor nibbling to the cubs ears.Provenance: The Gabor Wilhelm Collection, Paris.The Japanese fox (kitsune) is believed to have magical powers. It has the ability to bewitch people and cast spells upon them. Foxes were supposed to live to a great age and to be able to assume human form on reaching one hundred, when they might appear in the guise of a priest or a woman. Possession by a fox (kitsune-tsuki) was a nervous disorder once common in Japan. The person possessed hears and understands everything that the fox inside says, or thinks, and the two often engage in a loud and violent dispute, the fox speaking in a voice altogether different from that of the individual. The spirits of the dead ride upon foxes, and they are said to haunt graves; they are also responsible for the foxfire (kitsune-bi) or will-o'-the wisp.Museum comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a fox with ball, likely by the same artist or studio, formerly in the Trumpf collection and now in the Linden Museum Stuttgart, inventory number OA 19067.Auction comparison: Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a fox and cub, likely by the same artist or studio, at Christie's, The Raymond and Frances Bushell Collection of Netsuke, Part I, 27 October 1987, London, lot 268 (sold for GBP 1,430 or approx. EUR 6,200 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing). Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a fox and cub, likely by the same artist or studio, at Sotheby's, Fine Netsuke and Ojime, 14 March 1984, London, lot 131 (sold for GBP 3,080 or approx. EUR 16,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2307513766-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

HOGYOKU: AN IVORY MANJU NETSUKE OF TWO MANZAI DANCERSBy Ikkeisai Hogyoku, signed Ikkeisai Hogyoku 一鶏齋 法玉Japan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved in shishiaibori (sunken relief) with two manzai dancers preforming their whimsical dance, one holding a fan in front of his face, while the hunched, senile boke beats his tsuzumi hand drum. The reverse finely stained and incised in katakiri and ke-bori with a sanbo stand and teapot. A central himotoshi to the underside, the cord attachment within. Signed IKKEISAI HOGYOKU – a talented manju maker from the Hojitsu school.DIAMETER 5 cmCondition: Very good condition with only very minor wear and slight warping as is to be expected. Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Manzai is a traditional style of comedy in Japanese culture involving two performers, one being a 'straight' man (tsukkomi) and a 'funny' man (boke). Their performances were originally for the New Year festival with the earliest mention of manzai performers dating to the Heian period. While their performances were traditional, poets like Takarai Kikaku mocked them. In a Haiku, Kikaku wrote, 'The New Year Dancers / Never miss a single step / Millet for the crane.' While other poets like Yosa Buson wrote, 'Yes, New Year's dancers / Pounding good and properly / The dirt in Kyoto.' The latter can be said of the dancers depicted on the present lot.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0073).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A TALL IVORY NETSUKE OF SEIOBOUnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Published & Exhibited: Association Franco-Japonaise, Netsuke Sagemono, Paris, 2019, p. 66, no. 111.A remarkably large and fine ivory netsuke of Seiobo, the Queen Mother of the West, holding a peach branch in one hand, the other enveloped by her sleeve. She is dressed in a flowing robe with billowing sleeves, incised at the hem with scrolling foliage, her coiffure finely carved with the hair piled up high and in loops. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the back, the larger hole generously excavated in the shape of a gourd. The ivory bearing a gorgeously lustrous, deep-yellow patina.HEIGHT 14 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and age cracks. An old, smoothened chip to the edge of the top bun.Provenance: Rolf Schmoll, November 1994. Ex-collection Guy de Lasteyrie, acquired from the above. De Lasteyrie is a member of the Lasteyrie du Saillant family and is considered among the leading French collectors of netsuke.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of Seiobo, 18th century, 12.5 cm tall, at Lempertz, The Papp Collection of Netsuke, 16 June 2018, Cologne lot 1002, (sold for EUR 4,464).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2207506628-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

OKAKOTO: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A DUTCHMAN WITH CHILDBy Yamaguchi Okakoto, signed Okakoto 岡言Japan, Kyoto, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Powerfully carved as a Dutchman with typically exaggerated facial features, holding a Chinese trumpet (lapa) in one hand and supporting a boy on his shoulders with the other. The mischievous boy attempting to clamber on to the foreigner's shoulder, pulling on his curly lozenge wig in his pursuit to scale the tall man. The two figures are dressed in voluminous robes, incised with various decorative motifs; the foreigner's coat further detailed down the center with dark horn-inlaid buttons. Generously excavated, asymmetrical himotoshi to the back and signed OKAKOTO within the typical rectangular reserve.HEIGHT 5.8 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor typical wear and a plugged nerve channel to the robe.Provenance: Ex-collection Guy de Lasteyrie, acquired from the above. De Lasteyrie is a member of the Lasteyrie du Saillant family and is considered among the leading French collectors of netsuke.In the Edo period, Dutch merchants were the only Europeans admitted to Japan, where they were confined to the island of Deshima. Interestingly, the lapa (trumpet) in this Dutchman's hand is also foreign, being of Chinese origin.Okakoto was an important member of the Kyoto school, a pupil of Yamaguchi Okatomo, and teacher to Okatori. The subject of the Dutchman was rarely treated by this school.Auction comparison: Compare a closely related marine ivory netsuke of a Dutchman with child, by Okakoto, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 29 October 2021, Vienna, lot 42 (sold for EUR 2,781). Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2207507621-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MASAKAZU: A LARGE AND IMPRESSIVE OSAKA SCHOOL IVORY NETSUKE OF AN OCTOPUS WITH CLAMSBy Masakazu, signed Masakazu 正一Japan, Osaka, early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The remarkably large ivory intricately carved, yet still retaining its compact and functional form, depicting a mighty octopus enclosing a large fish with is tentacles, all while straining to open the jaws of two hamaguri clams, revealing their fleshy interior. The scales of the fish and the octopus' suckers are superbly detailed. Natural himotoshi and signed to one clam MASAKAZU.LENGTH 7.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and natural age cracks.The combination of octopus and clam has a hidden erotic meaning (shunga). Museum comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of an octopus with clams in a basket, signed Iekazu, dated 19th century, on display in the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, accession number B70Y1297.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0103).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

TSUNEKAZU: AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A MONKEY EATING A PEACHBy Tsunekazu, signed Tsunekazu 常一Japan, Tokyo, second half of the 19th centuryFinely stained and carved as a seated monkey, dressed in a haori jacket incised with a diapered ground, taking a bite out of a succulent peach still attached to a leafy branch, all while clasping another ripe peach in his hand. The naturalistically carved monkey with finely incised and stained fur, a short stubby tail, inlaid eyes, and a large mouth which is wide open as it devours the peach with pleasure. Natural himotoshi and signed within an oval reserve TSUNEKAZU.HEIGHT 4.1 cmCondition: Good condition with minor surface wear. Minor nibbling to the hem of the jacket and the edge of one foot. One inlaid pupil with a small loss.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2307517142-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE INLAID IVORY MANJU NETSUKE OF KACHO-GA TYPEUnsignedJapan, Tokyo, late 19th century, Meiji period (1868-1912)The two-part ivory manju netsuke superbly inlaid in Shibayama-style with shakudo, coral, green-stained horn, tortoiseshell, mother-of-pearl, and horn with a black crow flying towards a leafy branch bearing two ripe persimmons. The feathers of the crow are finely incised, its wings detailed in gold zogan. The verso with a wisteria vine, its blossoms inlaid in mother-of-pearl. The back with a central floral himotoshi, the cord attachment within.DIAMETER 4.4 cmCondition: Good condition with minor wear. One coral inlay replaced.This motif is known as kacho-ga 花鳥画, meaning 'birds and flowers,' and it was introduced to Japan from China during the 14th century around the Muromachi period (1336-1573). The motif was extremely popular in China, but it developed its own distinct style in Japan over the centuries.Museum comparison:Compare a related ivory manju netsuke with similar inlays depicting a goose with chrysanthemums and a swallow next to a wisteria vine on the verso, unsigned, dated 19th century, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (The MET), accession number 10.211.1276.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000020-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

NIKITA STRUKOV: BEAVERBy Nikita Strukov, signed with the artist's mark 古丁 北卯Russia, 21st centuryFinely carved from walrus tusk to depict a beaver sitting on its haunches, munching on a twig. The rodent inquisitively smells the air above, rising ever so gently, its ears perked, as it looks out for potential danger, Its thick tail swept to one side. The eyes of the beaver double-inlaid in pale translucent and dark horn, the branch inlaid in stained bone, and the fur markings masterfully incised, with alternating stained and polished areas. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the underside and signed with the artist's kanji characters.HEIGHT 3.5 cmCondition: Excellent condition with minor surface wear.This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MITSUTOSHI: AN AMUSING IVORY NETSUKE OF SHOKI AND ONIBy Mitsutoshi, signed Mitsutoshi 光俊Japan, Tokyo, Meiji period (1868-1912)Expressively carved and stained depicting the pot-bellied demon queller standing alert, one hand holding the hem of his voluminous robe, the other tightly clasped around the hilt of his sword, as he suspects movement to the top of his head. As usual, a mischievous oni is shown clambering on top of his hat, staying low, trying to avoid detection. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the back and signed underneath MITSUTOSHI.HEIGHT 5.8 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0074).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

KIKUGAWA RYUKOKU: AN INLAID IVORY MANJU NETSUKE OF A TENNINBy Kikugawa Ryukoku, signed Kikugawa Ryukoku saku 菊川流谷作Japan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Of circular form, the thick manju netsuke finely carved in shishiaibori with a graceful tennin (apsara) floating in the milky-white ivory sky, one hand holding a lotus form scepter, draped in an ornate robe decorated with finely incised scrolling motifs, adorned with a wind charm pendant inlaid with mother-of-pearl, malachite, gilt metal, and coral. The reserve with scrolling clouds in relief against a thatched ground. The cord attachment through the eyelet peg housed inside the central himotoshi. Signed to the back within a raised reserve KIKUGAWA RYUKOKU saku [made by Kikugawa Ryukoku].DIAMETER 6.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor expected surface wear.Provenance: From an Italian private collection, the back with a label Inscribed with an inventory number, 'F 231.'Literature comparison:For a closely related ivory manju netsuke of a tennin flying with a lotus flower in her right hand, by Kikugawa Ryukoku, see Coullery, Marie-Therese / Newstead, Martin S. (1977) The Baur Collection, p. 83, C 105.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number IT/CE/2023/BG/01089). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

SUZUKI KOSAI: AN INLAID IVORY MANJU NETSUKE OF A RAKANBy Suzuki Kosai, signed Suzuki Kosai 寿々木孝斎 with kakihanJapan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The two-part manju netsuke finely carved in shishiaibori (sunken relief) with an image of a meditative rakan bearing a powerfully crafted, stern-faced expression with gold lacquered eyes, holding a hossu (Buddhist fly whisk), and wearing an elaborate set of earrings inlaid in metal, coral, malachite, and mother-of-pearl, all framed by a halo. The reverse is finely incised with a nyoi sceptre and a scroll. Central himotoshi through the back, the cord attachment within, and signed SUZUKI KOSAI with the artist's kakihan.DIAMETER 4.6 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear. One tiny nick to the interior rim.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related inlaid ivory manju netsuke of a rakan, by the same artist, illustrated in Lazarnick, George (1981) Netsuke & Inro Artists, and How to Read Their Signatures (LNIA), Vol. 1, p. 670.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0066). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MINKOKU III: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A TENNINBy Shuyusai Minkoku (Minkoku III), signed Minkoku 民谷Japan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The angelic maiden carved in flight with a charming smile, her neatly incised and stained hair elegantly arranged and held by a chrysanthemum tiara. She is holding a large lotus bud over her shoulder like a scepter. As she flies, her robe flutters in the wind, a soft scarf encircling her head and flowing back towards her feet. Her robe is neatly incised with floral and karakusa designs. Two pierced himotoshi and the signature within a rounded reserve MINKOKU underneath.LENGTH 3.8 cmCondition: Excellent condition, the inked details remarkably well preserved.Provenance: Old Viennese private collection.Literature comparison:For another example of the subject by Minkoku, see Meinertzhagen, Frederick / Lazarnick, George (1986) MCI, Part A, p. 519.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a tennin by Minkoku, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 25 September 2020, Vienna, lot 155 (sold for EUR 5,056).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0097).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MORITA SOKO: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE DEPICTING THREE ACTORSBy Morita Soko (1879-1942), signed Soko 藻己 to 刀Japan, Tokyo, early 20th centuryA remarkably detailed and finely stained ivory netsuke depicting a trio of masked actors, one seated holding out his arm as another grips his wrist while raising his left hand, the third half-kneeling behind, wearing a fox mask, and tempting the other two with a tokkuri (sake flask). The robes of each are finely detailed and inked with various motifs including brocade motifs, spiderwebs, and magical tama pearls. Natural himotoshi formed by the tangle of limbs and robes. Signed on a rectangular reserve SOKO to [carved by Soko].LENGTH 3.4 cmCondition: Excellent condition.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Morita Soko (1879-1942) was, together with Ouchi Gyokuso (1879-1944), the most important pupil of Miyazaki Joso (1835-1910), the founder of the important So school in Tokyo.Literature comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of a fox dancer by Miyazaki Joso, illustrated in Hurtig, Bernard (1976) What's New at the Auctions, INCS 4/3, p. 9, no. 60.Auction comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke by the same artist of Nasakeji opening the treasure box, signed Soko to, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 16 April 2021, Vienna, lot 243 (sold for EUR 9,150).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0075).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

TOMOMASA: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A REPENTANT ONIBy Tomomasa, signed Tomomasa 友正Japan, Edo/Tokyo, second half of 19th centuryIntricately carved and stained as an oni holding two small mokugyo and beating them with a mallet. The demonic figure, now converted to Buddhism, is shown with his mouth opened, chanting a sutra, his fangs showing, the eyes inlaid. Dressed in shabby, ill-fitting garbs falling loosely on his muscular frame, the oni's long curly hair falling down his shoulders covered partially by a headscarf through which peer two horns, a parasol to his back, and suspending from his belt is a tabako-ire set with a double-gourd netsuke and a kiseruzutsu. The 'natural' himotoshi through the gap between the arm and mokugyo tassel. Signed to the underside of the robe TOMOMASA.HEIGHT 6.1 cmCondition: A small chip to one toe, and tiny smoothed chips to the tips of the horns, the base of the drumstick possibly with a tiny loss to the edge. Otherwise good condition with minor wear.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Auction comparison: Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of an oni, depicted in a similar position and by Tomomasa, at Sotheby's, Netsuke, Inro, Lacquer, 6 November 1980, New York, lot 49.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0063).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

CHIKURIN: AN UNUSUAL IVORY NETSUKE OF A RAT CATCHERBy Chikurin, signed Chikurin 竹林Japan, probably Edo (Tokyo), second half of 19th centuryLying prone, the master rat catcher resting his head lazily in his hand, wearing only a loin cloth, reaching back lackadaisically to grab the tail of a large rat, which attempts to sneak onto his back. His eyes look up and away as he releases a sigh of boredom, sporting a confident grin. Unlike depictions of other rat catchers, who are more often than not caricatured with agonized and frustrated expressions, this hero appears to be unchallenged by his task. The hair on his legs, chest, and the stubble on his chin as well as the rat's fur are neatly incised and inked. Asymmetrical himotoshi and signed to the underside CHIKURIN.LENGTH 4.8 cmCondition: Very good condition with only minor surface wear.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0064). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE IVORY NETSUKE OF A DUTCHMAN AND MONKEYUnsignedJapan, Kyoto, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The Dutchman carved standing on his toes somewhat awkwardly as he cheekily looks to the left, holding the brim of his hat and a monkey close to his chest, as if he has stolen the simian. Good, functional himotoshi to the back; the ivory bearing a superb, yellowish patina.HEIGHT 7.3 cmCondition: Good condition with old wear and age cracks. Some rubbing and wear to incised details.Provenance: From the collection of Dr. Ferdinand and Dr. Gudrun Thaler-Szulyovsky, acquired at Galerie Zacke in 1988 for 19,000 Austrian Schillings, and thence by descent in the same family. The couple, who had both been practicing law, met in 1967 through their mutual passion for art. Together they built a substantial and diverse art collection over many decades.This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

ANDO RYOKUZAN: A FINE LACQUERED IVORY NETSUKE OF TWO CHESTNUTSBy Ando Ryokuzan (1885-1959), signed Ryokuzan 緑山Japan, Tokyo, c. 1920The two chestnuts masterfully stained and skillfully carved to deceive the eye (trompe-l'œil) as a pair of chestnuts, the ivory body coated in a clear lacquer finish to give the nuts its characteristic luster, and the top of the shell worked with a coarse patch realistically depicting where the cluster was attached to the cupule. Himotoshi to the base through the side and signed underneath RYOKUZAN.LENGTH 3.9 cmCondition: Very good condition with only minimal wear to the lacquer finish.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Known examples of Ryokuzan's chestnut are usually roasted or burnt, making the present netsuke a rare exception.Ando Ryokuzan (1885-1959) was born in Asakusa and is best known for creating superrealistic ivory carvings, painstakingly colored to suit the subject matter, using vegetables, fruits, plants, and animals as his subjects. However, little is known about his production activities, and it is said that his techniques and coloring methods were kept secret. He took no apprentices and worked alone, and his son did not take over the family business, therefore, his unique tusk carving and production techniques were likely cut off after only one generation.Literature comparison:For a closely related heavily stained and lacquered ivory chestnut netsuke, signed Ryokuzan, see INSJ, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 30.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0078).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IVORY NETSUKE OF CHOKARO SENNINUnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Boldly carved as Chokaro sennin standing on one foot, the other resting against his ankle, his head raised straining against the weight of the large gourd shaped vessel (hyotan) resting on his shoulders and issuing a voluminous horse's tail which is withdrawing into the gourd. The immortal is dressed in an artemisia leaf robe, the bearded sennin with an amused expression as he grins a toothy smile, all whilst stroking the tail. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the back and through the sleeve. The ivory with a smooth naturally grown honey-yellow patina.HEIGHT 7.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and natural age cracks.Provenance: Malcolm Fairley, London. A British private collection, acquired from the above. French private collection, acquired from the above.Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number 22NL308317/20).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IMPORTANT SET WITH TWELVE INRO DEPICTING THE JUNISHI (ZODIAC)The inro by Yamaguchi Shojosai, the ojime and netsuke by Shigeaki, each inro, ojime, and netsuke signed by the artistJapan, 20th centuryEach of the twelve inro in this complete set bears the artist signature of Yamaguchi Shojosai (1900-1978), also known under his artist name Rosho, on the underside of the lowest compartment. All twelve are four-case inro and show fine hira- and takamaki-e painting on gold, black and red lacquer grounds. Each inro has been carefully restringed and comes with its matching ivory netsuke and ojime, all dating from the early 20th century and signed Shigeaki in an oval, rectangular or gourd-shaped reserve.HEIGHT 9 cm (each inro)Condition: Superb condition with only very minor wear and traces of use. Some of the netsuke and ojime have old age cracks. An absolute rarity in this sublime and original state of preservation!Provenance: From an old and important British private collection. Christie's, Fine Inro from a Private Collection Part I, 15 March 1977, London, lots 91-102. Zacke, Fine Japanese and Netsuke Art, 22 June 2019, Vienna, lot 129 (sold for EUR 35,392). A private collection, acquired from the above.Yamaguchi Shojosai was a remarkable lacquerer who worked in various studios in Tokyo, Kyoto and Niigata. He contracted polio when he was four years old and used a crutch for walking from then on. He began his lacquer studies when he was 14 and devoted his life to working with lacquer and to his family. Following the death of his wife in 1952, two of his sons became lacquer craftsmen.In this precious and extremely rare set the artist has precisely captured the individual characters of the portrayed animals, therewith masterfully highlighting the various virtues coming with each zodiac sign.The Japanese Zodiac, referred to as Junishi, comprises the following twelve animals: rat (nezumi), ox (ushi), tiger (tora), rabbit (usagi), goat (hitsuji), horse (uma), snake (hebi), dragon (tatsu), monkey (saru), rooster (tori), dog (inu) and boar (inoshishi).Auction comparison:Compare a closely related four-case inro with a design of monkeys, by Yamaguchi Shojosai, at Bonhams, The Last Treasures from the Edward Wrangham Collection, 19 July 2021, London, lot 142 (sold for GBP 3,187).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0049).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE MARINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A RECLINING GOATUnsignedJapan, Kyoto, c. 1800, Edo period (1615-1868)Of compact form, the tusk carved as a recumbent goat with its head turned to the side, the forelegs tucked under, and the shaggy coat finely engraved with accentuated lines. The face with its characteristically long snout, scrolling beard, eyes to the sides with pupils inlaid in dark horn, and curling horns to the top. The animal's inherent strength and toughness are perfectly expressed, inspiring those born under the sign of hitsuji (Year of the Ram) to overcome any difficulty with strength and perseverance. Two himotoshi through the underside. The netsuke is carved from a section of variegating tusk, the underside with a semi-translucent yellowish hue and beautiful deep patina.LENGTH 4.4 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and natural age cracks.Provenance: Paul Moss, Sydney Moss Ltd., London. A North German collection, acquired from the above.The type of fur design and the expressive head with long snout and curved horns suggest a Kyoto studio.The goat (hitsuji) is the eighth zodiac animal and is responsible for the 6th month and the hours between 1pm and 3pm. Goats and sheep were not originally indigenous to Japan and were introduced there. Netsuke representations of these animals do not allow an exact distinction between goat and sheep or ram.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a goat (hitsuji), 18th century, at Zacke, 7th Exhibition 1988, Vienna, no. 63.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a reclining goat, mid-19th century, sold at Lempertz, Japan II-Armour, Netsuke, Inro, Sagemono incl. The Papp Collection II, 7 December 2018, Cologne, lot 480 (sold for EUR 7,500).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number 202/23HH). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

HIDEMASA: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF AN EAGLE AND NAMAZUBy Shuosai Hidemasa, signed Hidemasa 秀正Japan, Osaka, first half of 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Superbly carved in motion, depicting an eagle punching its talons into a catfish or namazu (earthquake fish) which is writhing beneath the weight of the predator. Pecking at the head of its prey as it begins to feast, the artist captures the wrinkling motion of the fish's skin as it creases from the pull of the eagle's beak. The feathers of the bird are meticulously carved and stained, the eyes of both namazu and eagle are inlaid in black wood. Excellent, asymmetrical himotoshi through the underside and signed within the typical wavy reserve HIDEMASA.LENGTH 4.3 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and expected age cracks.Legend has it that certain types of catfish (namazu) are responsible for the earthquakes that plague the islands of Japan. When aroused, these creatures would contort their bodies in such a way that gigantic tremors shook the area for miles and miles.Literature comparison:Compare a closely ivory netsuke of an eagle and namazu by the same artist, signed Hidemasa, illustrated in Meinertzhagen, Frederick / Lazarnick, George (1986) MCI, Part A, p. 145.Auction comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke by the same artist depicting an eagle and monkey, signed Hidemasa, at Christie's, Japanese and Korean Art, 16 September 2003, New York, lot 295 (sold for USD 8,963).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000017-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

FUKU: A SUPERB GOLD-INLAID RYUSA MANJU NETSUKE DEPICTING KAPPA AND LOTUSSigned Fuku 福Japan, Tokyo, Asakusa district, late 19th centuryPublished: Moss, Sydney L. (2016) Kokusai The Genius: and Stag-antler Carving in Japan, vol. II, pp. 254-255, no. 489.The ryusa manju very finely carved in openwork from a choice section of pale walrus tusk as a large, crumpled lotus leaf with several stems and buds, a further leaf in the center surrounded by scrolling tendrils, upon which two kappa are inlaid, one of them in gold and the other in bekko, the latter scooping water with a cup while the other gazes at him with a rather confused expression. The superbly carved back shows further lotus blossoms, scrolling tendrils, and a fish with gold eyes emerging from a gap. With a central himotoshi and sunken relief seal in a raised square reserve – FUKU (luck or happiness).DIAMETER 4.4 cmCondition: Excellent condition.Provenance: Ex-collection June Schuerch. With Sydney Moss Ltd., French private collection, acquired from the above. This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A JUROJIN DOLL, ATTRIBUTED TO HIDEMASAUnsigned, attributed to HidemasaJapan, Osaka, first half of 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Of compact and rounded form, the Jurojin doll enveloped in a voluminous robe with a cowl draped over his elongated head, the robe incised and inked in irregularly shaped reserves with five different designs including hanabishi, waves and asanoha. The Lucky God depicted laughing, his eyes crinkling to the corners, mouth agape and stained red, framed by ears with distended lobes, and a long and finely incised beard. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the back. Unsigned, however attributed to Hidemasa of Osaka. The beautifully stained ivory bearing a fine patina.HEIGHT 4.3 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and age cracks.Museum comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of Fukurokuju with similar features by Hidemasa, signed Hidemasa and kakihan, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (The MET), accession number 1985.399.29.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000014-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

DOSHO: A FINE IVORY OJIME DEPICTING DARUMA WITH A TANKOBUBy Dosho (1828-1884), signed Doshosai 道笑斎Japan, Osaka, c. 1860Finely carved in sunken relief (shishiaibori) with Daruma cringing in pain at the tankobu (bump) on his head, his mouth open revealing finely detailed teeth, his eyes looking up at the growth which befuddles him. His stubble finely incised, wearing a large hoop earring. Signed DOSHOSAI.HEIGHT 2.1 cm, LENGTH 2 cmCondition: Very good condition with only minor wear.Literature comparison:Compare a related ivory ojime by the same artist depicting Hotei, signed Doshosai, illustrated in Meinertzhagen, Frederick / Lazarnick, George (1986) MCI, Part A, p. 51.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 23-B-0256). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A SKULL WITH A SNAKEUnsignedJapan, 19th centuryThe morbid subject finely carved, the twisting body of the snake slithering on top of the static skull detailed with cavernous eye sockets and parietal lines, the body of the serpent naturalistically carved, varying in thickness with finely detailed scales, its eyes inlaid in dark horn. Natural himotoshi.LENGTH 4.1 cmCondition: A few age cracks with associated repairs and fills. Otherwise good condition with minor wear and traces of use.The combination of skull and snake represents the Buddhist philosophy of the impermanence of life, which can be summarized as 'Memento Mori' (latin for 'remember that you die').In Japanese Samurai culture, the influence of Zen Buddhist contemplation of death on indigenous culture can be gauged by the following quotation from the classic treatise on samurai ethics, the Hagakure:“The Way of the Samurai is, morning after morning, the practice of death, considering whether it will be here or be there, imagining the most sightly way of dying, and putting one's mind firmly in death. Although this may be a most difficult thing, if one will do it, it can be done. There is nothing that one should suppose cannot be done.”In the annual appreciation of cherry blossom and fall colors, hanami and momijigari, it was philosophized that things are most splendid at the very moment just before their fall, and to aim to live and die in a similar fashion.Museum comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of two snakes on a skull, unsigned, in the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, accession number B70Y199.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000017-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MASATOMO: AN AMUSING IVORY NETSUKE OF A SEATED MONKEY STUDYING A PEACH NETSUKEBy Masatomo, signed Masatomo 正友Japan, Tokyo, second half of 19th centuryThe finely carved ivory netsuke depicting a monkey collector with inlaid eyes of dark horn and neatly incised fur, holding glasses (now lost) in his right hand, as he studies a peach netsuke attached to a four-case inro. Natural himotoshi and signed within a polished, rectangular reserve MASATOMO.HEIGHT 4 cmCondition: Good condition with minor surface wear. The glasses lost. The tail possibly chipped and now smoothened.Literature comparison: Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a monkey studying Netsuke and Inro, by Masatami, illustrated by Symmes, E. C. (1991) Netsuke Japanese Life and Legend in Miniature, p. 57, pl. 2.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a monkey with glasses and inro, inspecting a peach netsuke, at Van Ham, Asiatische Kunst, 6 June 2015, Cologne, lot 308 (sold for EUR 4,515).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2307517142-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

GARAKU: A SUPERB IVORY NETSUKE OF A FISHER GIRL WITH GIANT AWABIBy Risuke Garaku, signed Garaku 我樂Japan, Osaka, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Published: Katchen, Arlette (2010) Netsuke 7, Vol. 1, pp. 184-185, no. K690.A superbly carved ivory netsuke of a fisher girl or ama, naked but for a skirt, leaning on a gigantic awabi shell, a small hook in her right hand. She is visibly pleased with her find, laughing and fondling the shell. The awabi is carved naturalistically, showing the typical openings and finely incised lines stained with sumi-e (ink). The underside shows a deep yellow-orange and lustrous patina, as well as the ear-shaped structure which give the awabi the nickname “ear shell”. One himotoshi underneath the fisher girl and the other larger one next to the signature within an irregular oval reserve GARAKU.LENGTH 4.9 cmCondition: Very good condition with typical wear. Some natural age cracks and wear to stained details.Provenance: Julius & Arlette Katchen collection, Paris. Then sold by Rutherston & Bandini to an English private collector. Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 16 April 2021, Vienna, lot 68 (sold for EUR 13,240). A private collection, acquired from the above.Netsuke of human figures are exceptionally rare by this Soken Kisho artist.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0080).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE IVORY AND MIXED METAL KAGAMIBUTA DEPICTING SHOKI AND ONI, MITATE OF WASOBEIUnsignedJapan, late 19th centuryThe shibuichi disc finely worked in gold, silver, and suaka (copper) takazogan with a gigantic and wild-haired Shoki holding in his hand a tiny oni, who claws at his beard. Central himotoshi to the back of the finely polished ivory bowl, the cord attachment to the back of the disc.This rare and unusual depiction appears to be a clever mitate of the legend of Wasobei (see literature comparison).DIAMETER 4.2 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor expected wear.Literature comparison:Compare a related depiction of Wasobei which likely served as the inspiration for this kagamibuta in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, accession number AK-MAK-1133.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-K-231109-662). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

GYOKUZAN: AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A SHISHIBy Gyokuzan, signed Gyokuzan 玉山Japan, Kyoto, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved, the seated lion playfully clutching a large ball with three paws, its ears drooping down, and its mouth opened exposing large fangs and holding a loose ball. The Buddhist lion's boisterous locks are finely stained and carved in large swaths of curly tufts with minute incisions, the bushy mane swept to one side on its back exposing the ribcage and muscular legs. Good and well-hollowed himotoshi to the base and back. Signed to the base of the ball within an oval reserve GYOKUZAN – this rarely encountered artist was likely a pupil of Mitsuharu of Kyoto.HEIGHT 4 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and natural age cracks.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Auction comparison: Compare a related ivory netsuke of a shishi, by Mitsuharu, at Bonhams, 12 November 2008, London, lot 422 (sold for 4,200 GBP). Compare a related ivory netsuke of a kirin, by Gyokuzan, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 28 April 2023, Vienna, lot 31 (sold for EUR 2,600).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0072).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

KOMIN: A FINE IVORY OJIME DEPICTING THE SHICHIFUKUJIN (SEVEN GODS OF FORTUNE)By Komin, signed Komin 光珉Japan, 19th centuryFinely carved in relief with the seven lucky gods, Hotei stretching next to Jurojin, who humorously pets the large forehead of Fukurokuju. Daikoku, holding his mallet, discourses with Ebisu while the goddess of knowledge and music, Benzaiten, sits next to Bishamonten, placing her hand on the warrior god's chest. The cord tunnel set with metal rims and signed within a raised oval tablet KOMIN.HEIGHT 2 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and expected age cracks.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0059). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

IKKOSAI: A POWERFUL IVORY NETSUKE OF OMORI HIKOSHICHI ENCOUNTERING THE DEMONESSBy 'Saru' Ikkosai, signed Ikkosai 一光齋Japan, Tokyo, second half of 19th centuryPublished: Giovanni Rimondi and Lukas Zacke (2019), Combien de Ikkosai, Part II. INSJ 39/3, p. 33, fig. 36.Carved in a fluid motion, the hero's right foot raised and one hand gripping the hilt of his sword with his garments and the robes of the demoness displaying the dipping and pivoting motion as the samurai turns to slay the evil creature. The musculature of his legs as well as the hands, face, and wrinkled skin of the demoness are superbly captured, her sharp fangs and claws finely detailed; their finely stained robes are decorated with kiku flowers, karakusa and stylized clouds. Two good himotoshi to the back. Signed within an oval reserve IKKOSAI.HEIGHT 7.5 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor and small chip to the horn of the demoness.Provenance: Christie's, Japanese and Korean Art, 22 September 2005, lot 308. Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary, acquired from the above.Omori Hikoshichi, a loyal vassal of Ashikaga Takauji (1305-1358), was rewarded with governorship of a large territory after his assistance in the defeat of Kusunoki Masashige (1294-1336). To celebrate his improved status, Hikohichi sponsored a large party that lasted for several days. One night while on his way to the festivities, Hikohichi came upon a beautiful girl distressed after having lost her way. Carrying her on his back for some distance, they finally came to a river. As they crossed it, Hikohichi saw the girl's face reflected in the water and he realized she had transformed herself into a terrible demon. In some versions of the story, the demon is supposed to be the daughter of Kusunoki Masashige trying to avenge her father's death. This dynamic composition captures the moment after Omori HIkoshichi realizes the true identity of the maiden when he moves to draw his sword and kills the demoness.The artist specialized in animal netsuke with only very few figural netsuke recorded. For a detailed discussion of the artist see INSJ Vol. 39, no. 3, Fall 2019, pp. 29-34.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0077).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN OSAKA SCHOOL IVORY NETSUKE OF A RAT ON A STRAW MATUnsignedJapan, Osaka, early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved as a rat (nezumi) seated on a folded straw mat, clutching a chestnut tightly with its tiny paws. The rodent further cushioned by a bed of leaves which are also enclosed within the mat. The charming rat is carved with a small, pointed snout, wide round eyes inlaid in highly polished dark horn, prominent ears, and a thick tail curling to the side. Generously excavated himotoshi underneath. The ivory bearing a fine, yellowish patina and the neatly incised hairwork is appealingly worn.LENGTH 4.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and only very few, faint natural age cracks.Literature comparison:For a closely related Osaka school ivory netsuke of a rat on a partially opened scroll, probably from the school of Garaku, see Barry Davies Oriental Art (1995) 100 Selected Pieces from the Netsuke Collection of Scott Meredith, no. 33.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000016-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

GYOKUMIN: A FINE TOKYO SCHOOL IVORY NETSUKE OF EBISU CATCHING A SEA BREAMBy Gyokumin, signed Gyokumin 玉眠Japan, Tokyo, Meiji period (1868-1912)Finely carved as Ebisu mounted on a sea bream (tai), crouching as he holds a rope, his back supported by the fish's upturned tail. The deity smiles as he looks straight ahead, his face framed by thick, pendulous earlobes. He is dressed in fine robes decorated with scrolling waves and lacquer. The amusingly flattened sea bream is finely detailed with incised scales, a mouth slightly ajar, and small round eyes. Asymmetrical, ringed himotoshi to the base and signed in a red-lacquered oval reserve GYOKUMIN.LENGTH 3.5 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear to lacquered details.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0068).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A SUPERB IVORY NETSUKE OF A DIVING GIRL, AMAUnsignedJapan, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Published: Ducros, Alain (1994) Netsuke & Sagemono, no. 67.An exquisite ivory netsuke depicting a diving/fisher girl (ama) holding an awabi shell suggestively in one hand, the other holding the cord of her straw skirt. Her long finely incised hair flows gently down her back and along one of her breasts as she looks to her left, invitingly smiling with her mouth slightly agape. Her straw skirt resembles a minogame's tail and is, like her hair, treated with sumi ink. She lifts one foot ever so gently, lending movement to the composition. The ivory is beautifully worn with a beautiful honey-golden patina. Large, asymmetrical, and generously excavated himotoshi to the reverse.HEIGHT 7 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and light age cracks.Provenance: Eskenazi, April 1986. Ex-collection Guy de Lasteyrie, acquired from the above. De Lasteyrie is a member of the Lasteyrie du Saillant family and is considered among the leading French collectors of netsuke.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of an ama, at Galerie Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 25 September 2020, Vienna, lot 28 (sold for EUR 9,480).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2207508115-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE IVORY NETSUKE OF A JAKONEKO (MUSK CAT)UnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)A finely carved, charming depiction of a jakoneko with its head raised over crossed forelimbs and curled paws. The coat incised with accentuated lines, falling in heavy tresses over its body, parted down the spine. The face with a gently turned snout, floppy ears, eyes inlaid in dark horn, and a scrolling beard. Generously excavated, asymmetrical himotoshi to the underside which shows the superbly carved paws and a gorgeous honey patina.LENGTH 5.3 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and age cracks.Provenance: Sotheby's, Fine Netsuke, Inro, and Lacquer, 6 October 1982, lot 6. The Gabor Wilhelm Collection, Paris, acquired from the above.The jakoneko or musk cat, often called a shaggy dog, is of African origin and entered Japan via India, where it became popular for its musk, used for perfumes.Museum comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of a shaggy dog, attributed to Gechu, in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), accession number AC1998.249.94.Literature comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of a shaggy dog, by Okatomo, illustrated in Barry Davies Oriental Art, The Netsuke Collection of W.G Bosshard Part 1, no. 134.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2307513760-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

HAKURYU I: A SUPERB IVORY NETSUKE OF A TIGER AND CUBBy Unsho Hakuryu I, signed Hakuryu 白龍Japan, Kyoto, early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved, the adult resting one large paw protectively over its cub and baring its very sharp teeth with the mouth wide open. The stripes are stained black, appearing like running black paint somewhat similar to the Otoman tiger's fur coats, and the eyes are inlaid in buffalo horn, those of the adult with double inlays of pale and dark horn. The eye pupils are placed typically wide apart, resulting in the idiosyncratic 'crazed' expression. Natural himotoshi and the underside with the signature HAKURYU within an oval reserve. The ivory bearing a stunning color with a fine orange-yellow patina.LENGTH 3.7 cm, HEIGHT 3 cmCondition: Good condition with minor surface wear, some loss to staining, attractively worn with a fine honey-gold patina. Old repair to the smaller tiger's paws.Provenance: Elly Nordskog Collection, sold by Sydney Moss Ltd. Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 16 April 2021, Vienna, lot 55 (sold for EUR 14,640). A private collection, acquired from the above.Literature comparison: A closely related ivory netsuke by the same carver is illustrated with a line drawing in Meinertzhagen / Lazarnick (1986) MCI, Part A, p. 120.Auction comparison: Compare a closely related ivory netsuke by the same artist at Sotheby's, Japanese and Korean Works of Art, 14 July 2005, London, lot 1090 (sold for 11,040 GBP). Also compare to a similar netsuke recently sold at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 27 March 2020, Vienna, lot 47 (sold for 15,990 EUR).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0079).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN EARLY IVORY NETSUKE OF A CHINESE IMMORTAL WITH A GOURDUnsignedJapan, first half of 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved from a section of the outer tusk, the immortal (most likely Chokaro sennin) hunched over as he embraces his magical double-gourd (hyotan). The immortal is dressed in a voluminous robe with billowing sleeves which fall and drape over his frame elegantly. Perfectly functional and generously excavated himotoshi to the back. The ivory with patches of naturally grown honey-gold patina.The curvature of the natural material, being carved from the curved outer section of the tusk, has imposed restrictions on the artist in regard to the subject matter and composition of the carving, and the artist has utilized this 'scrap material' to great effect.HEIGHT 6.1 cmCondition: Good condition with minor surface wear and very few age cracks.Provenance: Collection of Fritz Niescher, and thence by descent in the same family. Fritz Niescher (1889-1974) was a Chemnitz entrepreneur who built an impressive collection comprised of Japanese works of art and modern art. His extensive collection included works by Ernst Barlach and Otto Dix. Pieces from his collection have been part of traveling exhibits since his death, and many are housed today in the Ernst Barlach Haus in Hamburg.The horse is the familiar of Chokaro sennin, who is able to conjure the animal out of a gourd at will. The Japanese expression hyotan kara koma (lit. 'a horse in the gourd'), refers to a completely unexpected event that actually comes to pass, akin to the flight of pigs in the English-speaking world. Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-DÃœS231016-116). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A KYOTO SCHOOL IVORY NETSUKE OF A FRIGHTENED RECLINING BOARUnsignedJapan, Kyoto, late 18th-early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Expressively carved as a recumbent boar sitting on its haunches, eyes alert and looking back, the pupils inlaid in dark horn at the very corner of the eyes. The hairwork incised and stained with remarkable precision. The frightened face with a flat snout, eyes to the side, inlaid in dark horn, ears drawn back, and mouth agape revealing sharp incisors. Good, asymmetrical himotoshi through the underside, the larger hole generously excavated to accommodate the knot.LENGTH 5 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and age cracks. Tiny nicks on the snout.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related netsuke of a reclining boar, by Okatomo, illustrated in Davey, Neil K. (1974) Netsuke: A comprehensive study based on the M.T. Hindson Collection, no. 196.Auction comparison: Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a running wild boar, style of Okatomo, at Bonhams, Fine Netsuke from the Adrienne Barbanson Collection, 13 May 2013, lot 25 (sold for 16,250 GBP). Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a running wild boar, style of Okatomo, at Bonhams, Fine Netsuke from the Adrienne Barbanson Collection, 13 May 2013, lot 23 (sold for GBP 4,000).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000016-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE IVORY NETSUKE OF A DUTCHMAN WITH AN OCTOPUSUnsignedJapan, 19th centuryAmusingly carved as a panicked Dutchman standing with his hands pressed to the side of his head as he attempts to detach an octopus from his back. The cephalopod's head pressed down atop the man, its brows furrowed, the large inlaid eyes bulging, while the Dutchman's mouth is agape, his eyes glancing to the side. He is wearing the typical horn-studded coat, and a comically small pot is tucked into his waist by his side. Large himotoshi through the back.HEIGHT 8.3 cmCondition: Good condition with minor wear, expected age cracks, the feet likely repaired.Provenance: Collection of I.A. and Cecile Mann Victor. Christie's New York, 20 April 1989, lot 73. Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary, acquired from the above.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a foreigner with an octopus from the same workshop, at Christie's, Japanese Art and Design, 12 May 2010, London, lot 8 (sold for GBP 3,125).Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0067). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MINKOKU: AN IVORY NETSUKE OF TEMPLE SERVANT WITH A MOKUGYOBy Shuyusai Minkoku (Minkoku III), signed Minkoku 民谷Japan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved as a man chanting and wearing a double-dragon handled mokugyo strapped around his neck and beating it with a striker, the man elegantly dressed in voluminous robes detailed with scrolling cloud designs, smiling as his eyes crinkle with joy. Himotoshi to the back and signed to the underside of the mokugyo MINKOKU.HEIGHT 6.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear. The ivory with natural imperfections and an old fill to a crack to the back of the head.The mokugyo (literally wooden fish) is a Buddhist ritual percussion instrument.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2309200780-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

HAKURYU: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A SHISHI AND YOUNGBy Unsho Hakuryu II, signed Unsho Hakuryu 雲松 白龍Japan, Kyoto, 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The charming duo finely carved and stained, the large shishi gripping a ribbon in its mouth as it lies on its side with one paw resting on a large, smooth ball, its young clambering on top of it back, mischievously preparing to snarl. All eyes are inlaid with dark horn. The cord attachment 'natural' underneath the adult's folded leg and signed within a polished oval reserve UNSHO HAKURYU.LENGTH 4.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear and slight discoloration to the ivory.Literature comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke of a shishi and young, signed Hakuryu, illustrated in Coullery, Marie-Therese / Newstead, Martin S. (1977) The Baur Collection, p. 124-125, C 261.Auction comparison:Compare a related ivory netsuke by the same artist of a tiger with two young, signed Hakuryu, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 26 September 2020, Vienna, lot 63 (sold for EUR 8,216).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number IT/CE/2023/BG/01009). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A PEACH WITH INSECTSUnsignedJapan, late 18th to early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)A beautifully worn and compact ivory netsuke of a peach attached to the stem with a craggy branch issuing a single leaf. An unsuspecting fly sits near the leaf as a small spider approaches from the other side, ready to strike. Each insect is carved above a minutely stippled ground. The ivory bearing a rich, honey-yellow patina. The back with two generously hollowed himotoshi.LENGTH 3.9 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor wear, natural age cracks, and a nerve channel plugged between the two himotoshi. Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2309200681-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

GARAKU: AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A MONKEY WITH YOUNGBy Risuke Garaku, signed Garaku 我乐Japan, Osaka, early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The monkey outstretched as it tries to keep a peach from the prying hands of its young, the infant clambering atop its parent's hind, pleading to taste the fruit. The primates incised and inked with fine fur; their faces detailed with eyes double inlaid in silverish metal with dark horn. Generously excavated himotoshi to the underside and signed GARAKU. The ivory bearing a superb, yellowish patina.LENGTH 5 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear. One inlaid pupil of the young monkey lost.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a monkey, signed Garaku, at Christie's, Netsuke & Lacquer from the Japanese Department of Eskenazi, 17 November 1999, London, lot 72 (sold for GBP 4,830).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2301000016-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IVORY AND MIXED METAL KAGAMIBUTA OF A LONG-BROWED RAKANUnsignedJapan, late 19th centuryThe shibuichi disc finely worked in iro-e takazogan of gold, shakudo, and suaka (copper) depicting a rakan (arhat) before his alms bowl, holding his comically long eyebrows in his hands. The Buddha's disciple wears a robe draped over one shoulder, flaring upwards as if blown by the wind, his mouth opened in a gleeful expression, his eyes and jewelry inlaid in gold. The ivory bowl bearing a rich, honey-yellow patina. A central himotoshi to the underside of the bowl, the cord attachment to the back of the disc.DIAMETER 4.4 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor expected wear, slight rubbing to the gilt takazogan, an age crack to the bowl.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-K-231109-662). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE AND LARGE INLAID IVORY MANJU NETSUKE DEPICTING IRISES (SHOBU)UnsignedJapan, Tokyo, late 19th century, Meiji period (1868-1912)The large manju netsuke carved in imitation of a kagamibuta, decorated with elaborate Shibayama style inlays of green-stained horn and mother-of-pearl, as well as iro-e takamaki-e, depicting two large iris (shobu) blossoms borne on slender stalks with two further buds beside long leaves. The himotoshi formed by a metal stud with a hinged cord tie. DIAMETER 5 cmCondition: Excellent condition.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2307506906-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A COILED ONE-HORNED DRAGONUnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The dragon's sinuously winding body forming a closed manju-like composition with only the well-carved, single-horned head protruding. The ivory bearing a very good patina. Several possibilities for himotoshi through the openworked structure. LENGTH 4.5 cmCondition: Good condition with minor expected wear. A tiny repair to the edge of the chin. Beautiful, deep patina. Provenance: German private collection. Sold at Zacke, Fine Japanese Art, 4 June 2021, Vienna, lot 192. German private collection, acquired from the above.Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0051). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MASAMORI: A GOOD KYOTO SCHOOL IVORY NETSUKE OF GAMA SENNINBy Masamori, signed Masamori 正守Japan, Kyoto, late 18th to early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved as Gama sennin standing on one leg, holding a leafy peach by its branch in his left hand, the right hand holding the leg of a three-legged toad which clambers over the hermit's shoulders, the large eyes of the amphibian inlaid in lustrous black horn. The well-worn ivory bearing a stunning honey patina. Two asymmetrical himotoshi to the back, the larger one of oval shape characteristic of the Yoshinaga school, next to the signature MASAMORI within an oval reserve.HEIGHT 7.5 cmCondition: Very good condition with expected wear and age cracks, the ivory bearing a beautiful patina.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke by the same artist, signed Masamori, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 29 October 2021, Vienna, lot 44 (sold for 2,275 EUR).Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0050). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

ISHIKAWA RENSAI: A SUPERB IVORY NETSUKE OF A FISHERMAN SUBDUING A FUGU (BLOWFISH)By Ishikawa Rensai, signed Rensai 蓮齋Japan, Tokyo, Asakusa district, second half of 19th centuryPublished: Sagemonoya, Netsuke & Sagemono, p. 15, no. 61.Sydney L. Moss Ltd. (2016) Kokusai the Genius: and Stag-antler Carving in Japan, vol. III, p. 52-53, no. 357.Superbly polished, amusingly and finely carved as a fisherman on top of a giant fugu, his behind resting squarely on the fish's head, his hands grabbing the tail fin, his legs spread out as he uses all his strength to hold the fugu down, which has been considerably flattened by the man's effort, forming the oval base of the netsuke, the underside with two asymmetrical himotoshi and the rather unusual signature RENSAI in sosho script. Note the fine staining to the fugu's head and surrounding area.LENGTH 3.7 cmCondition: Excellent condition with minor wear.Provenance: With Sydney Moss Ltd., London. Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 22 April 2022, Vienna, lot 271 (sold for EUR 6,890). Austrian private collection, acquired from the above.Literature comparison: Compare a related ivory netsuke depicting a similar subject by Rensai, with similar staining to the fugu, illustrated in Sydney L. Moss Ltd. (1996) Meetings with Remarkable Netsuke, London, no. 90, and also illustrated with a line drawing in Meinertzhagen, Frederick / Lazarnick, George (1986) MCI, Part B, p. 647. Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 22-B-0213 ). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF ROSHI ATOP AN OXUnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The ox meekly standing foursquare, its nose pierced and roped, controlled by Roshi seated atop the cattle holding on to the incised rope. The old master clad in a voluminous robe with billowing sleeves, his face carved with a flowing beard, his hair tied into a topknot. The animal with its head bowed, its tail and fur finely detailed, all supported on thick, strong hooves. The ivory bearing an attractive patina and the large himotoshi found to the back and under the ox. HEIGHT 6.5 cm Condition: Good condition with minor wear, few natural age cracks, and a minor repair to the section of rope between Roshi's two hands.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Roshi, the ancient philosopher, the venerable Prince, is the founder of the Taoist system of philosophy. According to legend, Roshi's mother conceived at the sight of a falling star and carried Roshi for eighty-one years in her body. He was born with a grey beard, with a white and yellow face. He had large eyes, fine eyebrows, ragged teeth in a square mouth, a double ridge to his nose, ten toes on each foot, and ten lines in each hand, and his enormous ears had three passages each. Artistic representations, however, do not adhere to this depiction and Roshi is usually shown as an old Chinese man, seated upon an ox on which he is miraculously carried to paradise.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke, depicting Laotse seated on a bullock, illustrated in Lazarnick, George (1981) Netsuke & Inro Artists, and How to Read Their Signatures (LNIA), Vol. 1, p. 84.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of Roshi on an ox, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 3 November 2023, Vienna, lot 105 (sold for EUR 5,200).Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0070).  This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

AN IVORY NETSUKE OF A SNARLING SHISHI WITH BALLUnsignedJapan, late 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Of early triangular sankaku type, the seated shishi with a fierce expression and boldly carved with a muscular body. Its head turned back in a typical attitude as it protects a large, smooth ball with all four paws, the bulging eyes double inlaid with gilt metal and dark horn, the mouth agape in a roar revealing sharp fangs and a loose ball. The curling mane, beard, and bushy tail finely incised and inked. The back and underside with large and generously excavated himotoshi.HEIGHT 3.8 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear and age cracks.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-KR-231130-582). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

RYOZAN: AN AMUSING IVORY NETSUKE OF HOTEI WITH WRESTLING ONIBy Ryozan, signed Ryozan 良山Japan, Tokyo, second half of 19th centuryDepicting the lucky god Hotei mid-stride, balancing a pair of wrestling oni on his distended belly, one hand holding a fan, dressed in a voluminous robe with billowing sleeves, finely incised with foliate and karakusa motifs, belted at the waist, baring his chest. The deity with an amused look on his face as he watches the dwarf-like oni tussling. Well excavated himotoshi to the back and signed RYOZAN within a rectangular reserve.HEIGHT 5.5 cmCondition: Good condition with minor expected wear. Small repair to the flowing band in the back.Provenance: Collection Gabor Orszagh, Budapest, Hungary.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0058). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE HIPPOPOTAMUS TOOTH NETSUKE OF A SHISHI SCRATCHING ITSELFCircle of Garaku, unsignedJapan, Osaka, late 18th to early 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Boldly carved as a reclining Buddhist lion with boisterous curls and mane, scratching its head with its hind paw, playfully snarling, the eyes inlaid with black wood. The hairwork is minutely incised, the surface attractively worn. Large himotoshi through the underside. Unsigned, however attributed to the circle of Garaku of Osaka.LENGTH 4.4 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor typical wear.Provenance: German private collection. A copy of an appraisal identifying the present piece as carved from hippopotamus incisor, issued by Matthias Streckfuß, Berlin, accompanies this lot.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a shishi scratching itself, signed Garaku, at Bonhams, The Harriet Szechenyi Sale of Japanese Art, 8 November 2011, London, lot 20 (sold for GBP 13,750).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-KR-231129-552). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

SHOGETSU: AN AMUSING IVORY NETSUKE OF ASHINAGA AND OCTOPUSBy Shogetsu, signed Shogetsu 松月Japan, Tokyo, late 19th century, Meiji period (1868-1912)Amusingly carved as the long-legged Ashinaga gleefully laughing at the struggling octopus at his feet. In his left hand he holds a hand drum incised with a triple tomo-e crest while the right hand is clasped around a drumstick. Ashinaga is dressed in a robe decorated with dispersed swirls, too short for his long limbs, secured at the waist with a belt which suspends a small basket to store the day's catch. The struggling octopus appears to clamber up the fisherman's legs, not quite accepting defeat yet. Himotoshi to the back and signed SHOGETSU.HEIGHT 6.7 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor surface wear.Ashinaga ("long legs") is a mythical yokai who utilizes his enhanced extremities to capture creatures from the ocean.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0061). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

KAIGYOKUSAI MASATSUGU: A MASTERFUL AND IMPORTANT IVORY NETSUKE OF A RECUMBENT OXBy Kaigyokusai Masatsugu (1813-1892), signed Kaigyokusai 懐玉齋 with seal Masatsugu 正次Japan, Osaka, second half of 19th centuryThe ox (ushi) with its head turned backwards, the resulting skin folds on the neck are masterfully worked. The bulky stature of the animal is executed with a superior sense of realism, note the ridged spine, subtly incised rib cage, the tail which points downwards and swings over to the side, and the individual muscles and bones. The eyes are inlaid in pure amber with dark horn pupils. The rope halter which is attached to the ox's muzzle is very finely carved and extends into a rope which moves in sinuous lines over the body ending in a loop. The hairwork is slightly worn, revealing the beautifully gleaming, marbleized ivory underneath (Kaigyokusai only chose the best pieces of ivory for his carvings, this being pure white tokata ivory), however what remains of the hairwork is truly a spectacular sight, especially when viewed under a magnifying glass – not a single stroke is misplaced, each minutely incised line complements the other perfectly, adding to the sublime color, gleam, and overall feel of the material. The netsuke is truly a joy to handle, much owed to the compact design of the netsuke, which is ideally shaped. The legs are neatly tucked underneath the body, again extremely well-carved, and the 'natural himotoshi' is underneath the right haunch which also houses the perfectly incised signature KAIGYOKUSAI and seal MASATSUGU, both within a polished reserve.LENGTH 4.2 cmCondition: Superb condition, with associated wear to inked details.Provenance: Important Italian private collection, sold at Van Ham, Asian Art, 7 December 2017, Cologne, lot 2260 (sold for EUR 64,500). Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 16 April 2021, Vienna, lot 82 (sold for EUR 73,200). A private collection, acquired from the above.Literature comparison:Kaigyokusai carved several of this type, however each one differently. The one in the Walters Art Museum, accession no. 71.961, depicts the ox in the classic, somewhat static posture. Nevertheless, it provides an excellent comparison to the color of the ivory, carving quality, and the yellowish underside. However, the present netsuke is probably best compared to the ox in the Baur collection, Marie-Therese Coullery and Martin S. Newstead (1977) The Baur Collection, pp. 368-369, C 1175. Note the two legs folded underneath the body like in the netsuke here on offer. Also compare to the one featured on the back cover of INCS 8/4, which is stained yellow (because the material was not perfect tokata ivory, as in our example). Auction comparison:Compare to an ivory netsuke of an ox and a goat by Kaigokyusai Masatsugu, sold at Sotheby's, The Katchen Collection of Netsuke, 8 November 2005, London, lot 31 (sold for GBP 42,000).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B0083).This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A RARE IVORY NETSUKE OF A BLINDFOLDED GEISHA WITH ATTENDANTUnsignedJapan, Edo (Tokyo), mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved and depicting a very unusual subject of a geisha kneeling blindfolded, dressed in a typical kimono and balancing a chawan (teacup) and plate with both hands, while an attendant boy, whose arm is wrapped around the woman, points suggestively at the cup, perhaps due to its mushroom shape. The faces of both are gleeful, their mouths opened in wide grins. Two small himotoshi to the base. The ivory finely stained and bearing an attractive patina. HEIGHT 3.6 cmCondition: Very good condition with typical wear and natural age cracks.This rare netsuke illustrates a game played by geisha and geisha in training (maiko) in tea houses known as ochaya, where the lady entertainers would serve tea blindfolded. Various games like this were played by costumers and entertainers alike, and a few of these are illustrated on prints from the Edo period.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number DE-TÜ-0355-23). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

MITSUHIRO: A FINE IVORY NETSUKE OF A BIWA (LOQUAT)By Ohara Mitsuhiro (1810-1875), signed Mitsuhiro 光廣 with kakihanJapan, Osaka, mid-19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Naturalistically carved and finely stained to depict four loquats borne on a gnarled branch and with a half-eaten leaf, the edge of the netsuke carved to imitate a freshly cut branch. Signed MITSUHIRO with a kakihan.LENGTH 4.1 cmCondition: Very good condition, minor wear, expected age cracks.This subject was favored by Mitsuhiro due to its tactile nature. The design is recorded in Mitsuhiro / Mikoshiba, Misao (transl.) (2001) Takarabukuro: A Netsuke Artist Notebook, p. 129, no. 156, where Mitsuhiro notes: "showing a leaf and a fruit. A short branch is curved to hold a cord. Ishime finished should be used. An exact copy made to look old."Auction comparison:Compare related ivory netsuke of a fly on a biwa by Mitsuhiro, at Zacke, Fine Netsuke & Sagemono, 28 April, 2023, lot 46 (sold for EUR 2,600). Compare a related ivory netsuke of a biwa by Mitsuhiro, at Christie's, The I.A. and Cecile Mann Victor Collection of Netsuke, 20 April 1989, New York, lot 75 (sold for USD 1,400).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2309200747-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

HIDEMASA: A SUPERB AND LARGE IVORY NETSUKE OF THE BAKEMONO MIKOSHI NYUDOBy Hidemasa I, signed Hidemasa 秀正Japan, 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)The long-necked ghastly figure emerging from and towering over a streetlamp, evoking the imagery of night, its boney hands hanging over the roof of the lantern, its large bald head incised with sparse hair and detailed with protruding eyes set in a hollowed face, grinning a wide toothy grin, all flanked by large ears with pendulous lobes. The yokai ghost is dressed in a robe tied at the waist, hanging loosely on its frame with draping sleeves and revealing the emaciated chest underneath. Asymmetrical himotoshi to the back and signed to the base in cursive characters HIDEMASA. The ivory is superbly stained, as is typical for this master carver who had many followers. HEIGHT 10.3 cm Condition: Very good condition with minor wear, a small age crack to one sleeve. Mikoshi Nyudo is one of the many ghostly monsters of Japan that are generally known as bakemono or yokai. This monster is usually portrayed with a bald head and a jutting tongue. Although there are many variations of this ghost story across the different regions of Japan, the plots are roughly similar. Essentially, when a person is walking alone at night, the form of a monk suddenly appears. The ghost grows taller every time the person looks up at it and gazing at it for too long invariably results in death. The word Mikoshi 見越し means to "look over" or "tower over" and the word Nyudo 入道 is a common slang name for a priest. Literature comparison:Compare a related large ivory netsuke of Shoki and oni, signed Hidemasa and attributed to Hidemasa I, illustrated in Barry Davies Oriental Art (1990) Netsuke Classics, no. 46. Museum comparison:This rare signature variant, written in cursive sosho characters, is connected with one other larger piece, by Hidemasa, in the collection of the British Museum, museum number F.602. Compare a related wood netsuke of Mikoshi Nyudo in the British Museum, museum number 1912,1012.2.Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2305400016-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A SUPERB AND LARGE IVORY NETSUKE OF A SENNIN WITH A MONKEYUnsignedJapan, 18th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Carved standing tall with his head turned slightly to the left, dressed in a mugwort leaf cape and apron, the sennin clutches the stem of a blossoming peony in one hand, the other inelegantly holding a monkey by its leg, the puzzled primate holding tight, clutching the immortal's head with its hands and weaving the spare foot into the sennin's open hair. Generously excavated and asymmetrical himotoshi to the back. The ivory with a lustrous, naturally grown, honey-gold patina.HEIGHT 13 cmCondition: Remarkably well-preserved. Only very few age cracks and minor typical wear. Very good condition.Provenance: Klefisch, Cologne, 14 November 1987, lot 793. Ex-collection Guy de Lasteyrie, acquired from the above. De Lasteyrie is a member of the Lasteyrie du Saillant family and is considered among the leading French collectors of netsuke.Auction comparison:Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of Gamma sennin, 18th century, 14 cm tall, at Bonhams, 17 September 2013, New York, lot 2072 (sold for USD 37,500). Note the closely related manner of carving to the mugwort leaf robe, similarily scrolling belt to the front, as well as the comical way the sennin holds the animal's trailing leg. Compare a closely related ivory netsuke of a laughing sennin with a monkey, 18th century, 10.3 cm, at Lempertz, 14 June 2014, Cologne, lot 13 (sold for EUR 3,416).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2207506413-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

ANRAKU: A SUPERB IVORY NETSUKE OF HOTEIBy Shukosai Anraku(sai), signed Anraku 安樂Japan, Osaka, 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)A superbly carved and stained ivory netsuke of the pot-bellied lucky god Hotei standing laughing with his head tilted upwards, his hands linked behind his back, the sparse hair to his chin and torso minutely incised. Hotei is dressed in a loose robe delicately stippled in masterful ishime and belted at the waist, exposing his chest and distended belly. Generously excavated and asymmetrical himotoshi to the back and signed ANRAKU in boldly incised characters to the underside.HEIGHT 4.1 cmCondition: Very good condition with minor expected surface wear.Provenance: Christie's, Selected Netsuke, Ojime and Inro, Part 1, 25 October 1984, London, lot 41 (sold for GBP 3,240). Ex-collection Guy de Lasteyrie, acquired from the above. De Lasteyrie is a member of the Lasteyrie du Saillant family and is considered among the leading French collectors of netsuke.Literature comparison:This figure of Hotei, particularly the carving of the deity's linked hands, are reminiscent of Kyoto Masanao's boxwood netsuke of Hotei, 18th century, illustrated in Sagemonoya (2004) Ninety-Nine Netsuke & One Inro, p. 10-11, no. 13.Auction comparison: Anraku was a student of the famous Ohara Mitsuhiro (1810-1875) and clear parallels can be drawn between the present lot and ivory netsuke depicting Hotei by Mitsuhiro. Furthermore, both carvers excelled in the use of ishime. Compare a related ivory netsuke of Hotei in a bag by Mitsuhiro at Lempertz, The Kolodotschko Collection of Netsuke, 6 December 2014, Cologne, lot 869 (sold for EUR 18,600).Trade Certificate: The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number FR2207507622-K). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.

A FINE IVORY NETSUKE DEPICTING A PAIR OF SNAILSUnsignedJapan, 19th century, Edo period (1615-1868)Finely carved as two snails, the smaller crawling along the larger snail's shell, both with slimy bodies naturalistically rendered with crosshatch incision work, the shells subtly incised and stained. Generously excavated, asymmetrical himotoshi foot of the larger snail. Beautiful, deep honey-yellow patina to the underside.LENGTH 4.4 cmCondition: One tentacle of the smaller snail restored. Otherwise good condition with minor wear and age cracks.Provenance: Lempertz, Asian Art, 25 June 2021, Cologne, lot 906. German private collection, acquired from the above.Trade Certificate:  The trade certificate for the sale of this lot within the EU has been granted (permit number AT 24-B-0053). This item contains ivory, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and/or some types of tropical wood and is subject to CITES when exporting outside the EU. It is typically not possible to export such items outside of the EU, including to the UK. Therefore, after this item has the necessary trade certificate, it can only be shipped within the EU or picked up in our gallery in person.