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A folder containing WWII medals and entitled 'This Is Your Army Life 16/2/40 to 13/5/46' - pertaining to the service of Staff Sergeant Archie Gallon (S/153562) of the Royal Army Service Corps. Folder contains medals gained, awarded and commemorative. Includes British Empire Medal, 1939 - 45 Star, Africa Star, Defence Medal, 1939 - 45 War Medal (with Mentioned In Dispatches oak leaf clasp), and the Palestine Medal. Commemoratives include Battle of Britain 1939 - 1945, the Voluntary Service Medal, the General Service Cross, National Service Medal, 50th Anniversary Peace Medal and the Battle of Normandy Memorial Medal. Folder also contains various ephemera, photos and RPPC's related to S/Sgt Gallons service

A folder of WWII period Allied and other war and campaign medals mounted on card and taped over front. Including: USA Victory medal, French Croix de Guerre 1939 - 1945 with bronze palm, USA Armed Forces Expeditionary medal with Congo clasp, Army of Occupation Japan, Italian War Merit cross, Italian medal for Military Valour, Medaille de la Resistance, Medaille D'orient, Spain medal for Bravery (six day war), Italian medal for Spanish Civil War, Italian medal for Albania (1939), Italian Independence medal War of 1915 - 1918, Italian War medal 1943 - 1945, Greek medal, Turkish Star for Gallipoli Campaign N.B - The items in this Lot were from the private collection of Staff Sergeant Archie Gallon RASC (service 1939 - 1945), who amassed his collection of military medals and badges and insignia during the 1950's and 1960's. S/Sgt Gallon collected mainly original period items where possible, but we believe filled out the collection with later productions when the original item was not available. Therefore we advise careful examination of the items within this lot.

A box of Dinky army and other vehicles

German General Dr Eberhard Wageman signed 6 x 4 photo in uniform with letter and hand written compliment card. During the Second World War he served as a professional officer (from 1939 lieutenant ) and was initially employed as a train driver. During the Polish campaign , he was seriously wounded, as a result of which his left lower leg had to be amputated. In 1941 he was promoted to senior army command 18. A little later he became company commander of the 67th Infantry Regiment of the 23rd Infantry Division , which fought in the Russian campaign. In the same year he was used as a training officer at the war school in Potsdam. In 1942 he went through a commanding course in Paris. During the Battle of Stalingrad he was company commander in Panzergrenadier Regiment 103 and was flown out as a courier of the 6th Army on January 19, 1943. He was then commanded to the newly established 21st Panzer Division in Rennes. On D-Day (June 6, 1944) he was an officer on duty (OvD) with Panzerregiment 100 in the Caen area. During the boiler battle at Falaise , he was able to make his way east with several comrades. In January 1945 he was commanded to train the general staff at the war academy. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

German Field Marshall Wilhelm List signed off white card with newspaper photo of all the top brass with Hitler 1940. List (14 May 1880 – 17 August 1971) was a German field marshal during World War II who was convicted of war crimes by a US Army tribunal after the war. List commanded the 14th Army in the invasion of Poland and the 12th Army in the invasions of France, Yugoslavia and Greece. In 1941 he commanded the German forces in Southeast Europe responsible for the occupation of Greece and Yugoslavia. In July 1942 during Case Blue, the German summer offensive in Southern Russia, he was appointed commander of Army Group A, responsible for the main thrust towards the Caucasus and Baku. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

Dads Army. Actors Frank Williams (The Vicar) and Ian Lavender as Private Pike signed 8x10 photo from the comedy series Dads Army, NOTE that one signature is slightly smudged. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

Dads Army. Actor Ian Lavender as Private Pike signed 8x10 photo from the comedy series Dads Army. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

Dads Army. Actors Frank Williams (The Vicar) and Ian Lavender as Private Pike signed 8x10 photo from the comedy series Dads Army. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

Dads Army. 8x10 Dads Army comedy series photo signed by actor Frank Williams who played the Vicar. Good Condition. All autographs are genuine hand signed and come with a Certificate of Authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £4.99, EU from £6.99, Rest of World from £8.99.

WW2 Prisoner of War ephemera from Edmund W. Trimmer (7360416 Royal Army Medical Corps):- 5 Kriegsgefangenlager postcards (Dec 42-Mar 43) from Stammlager XXiD, Posnan, Poland, a Field Service postcard (1940), a leaflet covering Postal Communications with prisoners, and a P.O.W. group photograph

Dads Army 20 video boxed set

A quality Chinese 18th century polished bronze censer with twin tabbed loop handles and raised six Character mark of Xuande (1425-1435) to base on a later hardwood stand. Censer weight 1114 grams. Size 17cm width including handles, 9cm tall.  Provenance: Property of late Captain George Wraith (1913-1972) RIBA, Architect and Surveyor (Pictured). During World War II as an officer in the Royal Engineers British Army, George was an avid collector and connoisseur of art and antiques particularly Asian Works of Art. The bronze censer was acquired in an English estate Auction in the early 1950's and stored in their Family home, Lumb Hall (pictured) in Drighlington, Yorkshire. George Wraith passed away in the 1970's and thus by decent the item was passed to his wife Margaret Wraith and then to the current owner, the son of George Wraith, Patrick Wraith I.Eng. FIET. LCGI.

MILITARY MBE & MSM GROUP TO CAPTAIN W SMITH INDIAN ARMY, LATE 'THE LOYALS Geo IV Military Division M.B.E Geo V Indian General Service Medal ' Burma 1930 -32 to 3850413 A SJT W Smith Loyal R (Surname officially corrected) 1939 to 45 Star Africa Star 8th Army Clasp Defence Medal War Medal Geo IV 1937 Coronation Medal Geo IV Long Service Good Conduct 'Indian' to S - SGT W Smith I.A.C.C. Geo IV Meritorious Service Medal to 3850413 W O Cl1 W Smith M.B.E Loyals Named medals are correctly impressed ( please see notes on IGS) Swing mounted as worn Condition = GVF The group is housed in a modern frame and comes with a separate framed photograph of Smith in Captains uniform. A scrap book that Capt Smith kept is also included. Walter Smith was born on 19th February 1905. He severed in the ranks with the Loyal Regiment, seeing action in Burma in 1930 to 32 and was awarded the IGS. He was given an emergency commission with the Indian Army ( 22nd September 1945) after serving for an extended period with the Indian Army. He was awarded the M.B.E, announced in the London Gazette on the 14th October 1943 'For Distinguished Service in North Africa'. At the time he was an Acting Conductor in the Indian Army Ordnance Corps. He was awarded an LSGC 'India' while serving as a Staff Sergeant at the Indian Army Cadet College. Which trains Officers for the Indian Army. Smith was awarded a Meritorious Service Medal when with 'The Loyals' He was given a short service commission with the British Army on 18th December 1951 ( seniority from 18th August 1949) Served as a Staff T/Captain in Germany from 12th November 1951. Promoted to Substantive Captain 8th August 1955.

PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS , MEDALS AND DOCUMENT COLLECTION to 2392407 Sigmn Bernard Roy Gildersleve Born 26th Feb 1926 During WW2 he served with N).1 SCU Special Communications Unit. He was involved with intercepting German messages, and according to his personal notes had some involvement with message traffic from Bletchley Park. Pay book lot of original British Insignia and a swing mounted 1939 to 45 Star, France and Germany Star and End of War Medal The photograph albums cover pre & post war holidays. His time in the Army of Occupation in Germany and a number of early Victorian photographs. With an Enlisted Mans German army visor, from which the peak has become loose. With rusted K98 Bayonet and Frog.

SAS FELT BERET with emblem badge, a DC metal helmet and a military metal army helmet stamped "F & L, no. 188", and military compass

1914 STAR TRIO TO PRIVATE TAYLOR OF THE ARMY SERVICE CORPS Harry John Taylor landed in France on 17th August 1914 as part of the 1st SSC ASC, serving as a Special Mechanic. 1914 Star Trio Correctly impressed = MS-94 Pte H J Taylor ASC Condition = GVF

WW2 ACC PARACHUTE REGIMENT CASUALTY GROUP Awarded to 4209127 Pte L Lewis The Parachute Regiment ACC Red cross letter confirming his death. Original Photograph of the recipient. Original Box of issue and condolence slip. 39/45 Star, Africa Star, Italy Star and War Medal. Near mint in box of issue. Leonard Lewis was born in Holt, Denbigshire in Wales. The son of John L and Rose H Lewis. During WW2 Lewis served in the 6th Bn ( 10th Bn The Royal Welch Fusillers) The Parachute Regiment, Army Air Corps. Leonard was sadly killed during Operation Slapstick along with fifty eight other members of his battalion, when their troop ship, the minelayer HMS Abdiel was hit by two German mines in Taranto Harbour. He is remembered on the Medjez-El-Bab Memorial.

GREAT WAR PAIR TO SERGEANT A PRIMMER ARMY ORDNANCE CORPS Arthur Primmer was entitled to a 1914/15 Star also. He survived the war and his medals were reissued in 1924. Sold with a 1849 Half Crown (NVF) and a 1847 Penny (Fine) Pair correctly impressed = 010108 SJT A Primmer AOC Condition = EF

WW2 Military Interest Documentary Account From One Soldier 3390651 Pte J E Wallace 1942-45 Whilst Serving In The Royal Army Medical Corps, Album Containing A Quantity Of Photos, Mostly Titled With Written Account, Most Importantly When At The Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp, 23 Images Photos, Writes "Staff Quarters of The 29th Gen Hospital Set Up On Luneberg Heath Half A Mile From Belsen Camp, At The Time Typhus Was To Bad For Us To Live Entirely In The Camp, Left The Sleeping Quarters. Right Guard Room In Foreground, Cookhouse Right At Top Of 'Bradford' Drive. Belsen Is Midway Between Lune Berg And Celle" Also Together With A 1939 Copy Of Mein Kampf Written To Front Page "Property Of Joseph E Wallace 29" British General Hospital R.A.M.C May 1945, Found In The Office Of Josef Kramer 'Beast Of Belsen' Camp Commandant" Written Account In Album Reads " "The Name Card Was Removed From A Filing Cabinet In The Office Used By Kom Joseph Kramer 'Beast Of Belsen' The 100MK Note(5-0-0) Together With The Stamp, A Swastika Flag And A Signed Copy Of 'Mein Kamp' was Also Taken From His Office Which Is Indicated By Arrow In Photo Left, It Was In This Building That Lamp Shades Made From Human Skin Were Found. June 1945"

World War II Collection of Military Medals awarded to not named, comprises: 1. 1939-1945 Star with Ribbon; 2. Eighth Army Africa Star with Bar & Ribbon; 3. Italy Star with ribbon; 4. 1939-1945 Defence Medal; 5. 1939-1945 Service Medal.

World War II British Army No. 4 Mk 2 Lee Enfield Spike Bayonet with S286 Scabbard. All aspects of condition good. Length 10.25" - 25.60 cms. Please see images.

8 Vintage Swiss Army Knives - and other makes.

6 Vintage Swiss Army Knives - with a Northfield dual purpose knife and another with compass.

Five punk/post punk LPs to include Bauhaus Bela Lugosi's Dead on blue vinyl, ASF, Sub Ham Ams, New Model Army etc. vinyl and covers from vg+ to excellent condition.

A boxed Webley British Royal Army Infantry air rifle.

Fourteen British Army bakelite economy cap badges including Royal Scots, Military Police, Royal Artillery, Intelligence Corps, etc. - various condition

Five Scottish army cap badges comprising Highland Light Infantry, Scots Guards, Cameron Highlanders, London Scottish, and Black Watch

Historical Military Interest Mid 19thC Period Magnificent and Unique Sterling Silver Regimental Mess Presentation Gallery Tray presented to the High Ranking Officers of The British Army 96th Regiment of Foot (Bendovers) in the year 1879. Later known as the Manchester Regiment. The tray is inscribed with all the Regimental Battle Honours, including the Egyptian Wars of 1800-1801 and the New Zealand Maori Wars of 1846-1847 with honours for The Battle of Alexandria in Egypt 1801. Over 14 Battle Honours mentioned. The gallery tray itself is magnificent with 4 cast silver sphinx figural feet to each corner with wonderful openwork gallery section and impressive handles in the form of cannons. Hallmarked for Edinburgh 1878. Makers mark PW. (Peter Westren). The tray weighs 142 onz and measures 28 inches 70 cms in length and 16 inches 40 cms wide.

FIRST SIKH WARInscriptions on the Seikh Guns Captured by the Army of the Sutledge 1845-46, FIRST EDITION, 64 hand-coloured lithographed plates (including title signed 'C. Gomeze, Script' and 'C. Gomeze Lith.'), all printed on recto only, interleaved throughout, contemporary half morocco gilt, gilt morocco lettering label ('Inscriptions on the Captured Seikh Guns') on upper cover, spine worn with small tears, 4to (277 x 218mm.), [?Calcutta, c.1847-9]Footnotes:SCARCE AND BEAUTIFULLY PRESENTED MEMENTO OF THE FIRST ANGLO-SIKH WAR. The title-page gives the name of 'C. Gomeze' as the designer and lithographer - surely the 'Christopher Gomez, of the H.C. Lithographic Press [Calcutta]' whose marriage is noted in The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India (1835). Authorship has sometimes been attributed to Captain Ralph Smyth of the Bengal Artillery, whose extensive research into the mechanics of the guns was published as Plans of Ordnance Captured by the Army of the Sutledge c.1850. Each page has a highly decorative different all-over design, mostly of a floral pattern, in which is incorporated a Persian inscription (mostly in Nastaliq script with some in Lahnda or Devanagari) taken from one of the Sikh guns captured by the British. Symbols of Sikh military power, the canons were manufactured between 1801 and 1839 at the instigation of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, making the Sikh Khalsa Darbar Army the most modern army the East India Company ever faced in battle. The majority of the 256 guns that were captured during the conflict were melted down, however a few of the most ornate pieces were sent to Britain - some of which are still present in collections held by the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich; the Royal Hospital, Chelsea; and Dover Castle.This lot is subject to the following lot symbols: •• Zero rated for VAT, no VAT will be added to the Hammer Price or the Buyer's Premium.For further information on this lot please visit Bonhams.com

CALCUTTAWADDELL (CLYDE) A Yank's Memories of Calcutta, 60 gelatin silver prints corner-mounted (images 200 x 250mm.), printed introduction by M. Charles Preston and captions, cloth, oblong folio, 1946Footnotes:Clyde Waddell was with the Allies in Calcutta, and worked as photographer on the Phoenix Magazine, an army picture weekly, from 1943 to 1945. Includes fine views of the city (Chowinghee Street, panoramas taken from the top of Hooghly Bridge, the Hindustan Building, the Burra Bazar on Harrison Street, Juma Masjid mosque, Nimtolla burning ghat), bustling street scenes (buffalo herds, beggars, snake charmers, 'a native madman... accosting cars'), American servicemen interacting with the locals (street vendors, bookstall holders 'specialising in lurid novels', brothel keepers).This lot is subject to the following lot symbols: •• Zero rated for VAT, no VAT will be added to the Hammer Price or the Buyer's Premium.For further information on this lot please visit Bonhams.com

John Ritso (British, late 18th/early 19th century)A view of a temple on a riverside in India signed 'J.Ritso' (lower left), indistinctly inscribed 'Synabas(?) Pagodas/on the ---motty(?) River' (on sheet verso)watercolour35.5 x 46.3cm (14 x 18 1/4in).Footnotes:ProvenanceAnon. sale, Sotheby's, London, 26 November 1987.Acquired from the above sale by the present owner.Two watercolours by Ritso are held in the collection of the Victoria & Albert Museum. According to the museum, Ritso was an officer in the Madras Army and took part in the third Mysore war although little else is known of the artist.For further information on this lot please visit Bonhams.com

An assortment of army surplus and military field equipment, together with ex-Military hand microphones and Bakelite telephone handsets

Group WWII Medals, awarded to Lt. R J Giffen RA including George VI territorial medal for efficient service, set of miniatures, together with Army Air Corps cap badge, Hertfordshire Regiment cap badge, Royal Horticultural Society bronze medallion.

A pair of WWII German Nazi 10 x 50 binoculars (dienstglas nr 288801) BEH KF, housed in the original black case with Swastika motif dated 1942 W & A 925, these binoculars belonged to Brigadier M.P Bogert of the Canadian Army.28/03/1952 CBE Commander – Order of the British Empire Korea Brigadier 28/04/1945 OBE Officer – Order of the British Empire Northwest Europe Lieutenant-Colonel 11/03/1944 DSO Distinguished Service Order For Italy Lieutenant-Colonel 04/11/1947 OStJ Officer of the Order of St. John Major-General 12/07/1947 Order of Valour The King of the Hellenes Brigade.* Citation: Hugh Halliday - Honours and Awards Canadian Army.

2016 £2 Proof Gold Coin 100th Anniversary of WWI The Army, limited mintage 673/750, complete with box and certificate.

A Group of Five WWII Medals awarded to 4963 Rev. Pte. P. Fielden West Yorkshire Regiment, including Victory medal (boxed with papers), Italy star, Africa star, 1939-45 star, war medal, together with miniatures together with his brother Sergt. A.T Fielden glider pilot's Italy star, AAC (Army Air Corps) badge and silver sweetheart badge. 

Badges and Medallions - a silver Royal Army Reserve badge; another, British Legion; RAF; WVS Civil Defence (5)

Cigarette Cards - twelve sets of military themed cards in album, including Military Motors, Army Corps and Divisional Signs, RAF Badges, etc

After Richard Simkin (1840-1926), Our British Cavalry 1890, two-fold panorama of regimental officers and their uniforms, [Published] by Emrik & Binger, London, chromolithograph, 28.5cm x 70.5cm, (1); another two after Simkin, similar, (2); after De Franca, Relief of Centinel, London: Published by T. Watson [...] 1823, hand-coloured print, 35cm x 47cm; H. Ridley (English, early 19th century), by, British Army, No. 13, 2nd the Queens Royal/3rd the Buffs, [London: 1829], aquatint, 22cm x 14cm, (1); etc., (1); [6]

Militaria - United States Army - various kit and accessories, helmet, belts, American cloth badges, etc

4 Gouache Studies of army officers in dress uniform, (one Dublin Fusli, one signed G.Brenan), each approx 30.5cm x 19.5cm, similar silvered frames (4)

An army hat with Notts. & Derby regiment badge

GARY NUMAN. Six posters to include: Warriors Beggars Banquet promo poster (approx 20 x 30", F with wear and losses), My Dying Machine (18 x 25", VF), four folded posters to include: Dramatis (33 x 24), Gary Numan - Tubeway Army (20 x 30"), Telekon (20 x 30"), Ultravox (33 x 22").

PUNK BADGES/STICKERS/TICKET STUBS. Approximately 36 items to include: 30x punk badges with artists to include:Ultravox, Siouxsie And The Banshees, The Police, Sex Pistols, Tubeway Army, Gloria Mundi, The Stranglers, Johnny Cash, The Toy Dolls, Madness, The Clash, Stuart Adamson. Also to include a circular Damned 'Smash It Up' sticker (5") and 5 ticket stubs, some backed on black card with bands including: Buzzcocks (1979, Kings Hall Belle Vue, Manchester). The Jam (21/11/1979, Apollo, Manchester), Lurkers (28/10/1978, Mayflower, Manchester), Magazine & Simple Minds (23/04/1979, Apollo, Manchester) and Blondie (15/09/1978).

IRON MAIDEN / HEAVY METAL / EU & UK RELEASES - 12". Stirrin' bundle of 20 x 12". Artists/titles Iron Maiden (x17) inc. Heavy Metal Army (EMS-41004), Running Free, The Clairvoyant, Can I Play With Madness, 2 Minutes To Midnight, Women In Uniform Invasion, From Here To Eternity, The Evil That Men Do, Infinite Dreams, Be Quick or Be Dead, Bring Your Daughter To The Slaughter, The Trooper, The Evil That Men Do, Twilight Zone, Flight of Icarus, Wasted Years and Aces High, Bruce Dickinson and Asap. Condition is generally Ex to Ex+.

PUNK, POST PUNK & NEW WAVE 7" COLLECTION. Definitely an impressive selection of 49 x 7" singles here for you with some big ticket rarities from the 70's Punk scene. Highlights include Accident on East Lancs - Rat Race (RR1 - Ex+), Defendants - Headmaster (EAT001 - Ex),Uproar Rebel Youth EP (RAW1 - Ex+), Crash Fight For Your Religion (Ex+), Satans Rats x 2 - In My Love For You (DJS10819 - Ex) & You Make Me Sick (DJS10840 - VG+), Buzzcocks Spiral Scratch (ORG1 - paper labels Ex), Nosebleeds Aint Been to No Music school (tosh 102 - Ex), Abrasive Wheels Army Song (ABW1 - Ex+), Damned New Rose 1st press (BUY6 - Ex), Gang War - New York City (Zodiac 800 - Ex+), The Business Harry May (SHH 123 - Ex+), Bollocks to Christmas EP (SHH 126 - Ex+) along with other classic titles from the likes of Sex Pistols, Pleasers, Killjoys, Skyhooks, Protex, Johnny Thunders, The Doll, The Clash, Damned, Style Council, Jam and many more. Generally VG+ to Ex+ condition.

The Order of St John, two breast badges, (2nd and 3rd types), with two miniatures, (one damaged), Service Medal, four St John Ambulance Brigade badges, a Red Cross "Penny A Week" badge, two other badges, a Royal Army Temperance Association Medal, Defence Medal and Rowntrees 1937 Coronation Medal.

Early 5th century AD. A substantial gold Keller type 6 crossbow brooch, decorated with seven red garnets; with hollow pentagonal-section crossbar, three eight-sided finials, openwork scrolled plaques flanking the deep kidney-shaped section bow, tubular footplate with openwork scooped edges; hinged pin and V-section catchplate to the reverse closed with a mounting in red garnet; the bow ornamented with three mountings of garnets on each side in cloisonné style, and decorated for all its length on the central rib by an imitation-pearl pattern, also visible on the beaded collars of the three eight-sided finials; original pin still in place. See Brunšmid, V., Kameni Spomenici Hrvatskoga Narodnoga Muzeja u Zagrebu (Gravestone monuments in the National Croatian Museum of Zagreb), in Vjesnik Hrvatskoga Arheoloskoga drustva, X, 1910; Levi Pisetzky, R.,Storia del costume in Italia, 5 voll., Milano, 1964-1969; Keller, E., Die Spätrömische Grabfunde in Südbayern, Munchener Beitrage zur Vor-und Frühgeschichte 14, Munchen, 1971; Arrhenius, B., Merovingian Garnet Jewellery, Göteborg, 1985; Hattatt, R. Iron Age and Roman Brooches, Oxford, 1985, item 507 for type; Beck, H. et al. Fibel und Fibeltracht, Berlin, 2000, fig.114 (2), 115(7); Schach Dörges, H. Züsammengespulte und vermengte Menschen’ in Archäeologischen Landesmuseum Baden-Wurttemberg, Die Alamannen Stuttgart, 2001, pp.79-102; Martin, M., Alamannen in Römische Heer’in Archäeologischen Landesmuseum Baden-Wurttemberg, Die Alamannen Stuttgart, 2001, pp.119-124; Mackreth, D.F., Brooches in Late Iron Age and Roman Britain, 2 volumes, Oxford, 2011; the item can be dated at the 5th century for analogies with similar brooches (Keller type 6, 1971, p.53), like three samples published by Mackreth (2011, cat.3.6, pl.142); these fibulae show a development on earlier types, consisting of a pin secured by another means to ensure that the brooch could not fall or be pulled off without considerable force; Mackreth references a gold specimen from the Moray Firth. The brooch is of remarkable quality and technical accomplishment, both in its manufacture and in the working of the gems. This kind of fibula, well known as a 'crossbow brooch', was used by the Roman army from the last quarter of the third century until the sixth century AD. It was a signifier of military status, and simpler specimens in bronze are often found in the graves of soldiers from the 4th and 5th century AD. More precious specimens, in gold or gilt, such as this example, were reserved for officers. 38.33 grams, 80mm (3"). Property of a Spanish collector; acquired from an old Spanish collection, 2008; accompanied by an academic report by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato. The brooch is of remarkable quality and technical accomplishment, both in its manufacture and in the cutting of the gemstones into angular pyramidal forms. This kind of fibula, well know as a 'crossbow brooch', was in use within the Roman army from the last quarter of the third century until the sixth century AD. It was an attribute of military status and simpler specimens in bronze are often found in the graves of soldiers of the 4th and 5th century AD. More precious specimens, in gold or gilded, such as this example were reserved for officers. Very fine condition. Rare.

2nd-3rd century AD. Two sheet silver embossed plaques for a pseudo-Attic helmet, each with shaped edges, embossed around the edges with a double-pearled ornament, with fixing holes; the decoration of both plaques seems to represent a cult scene, most probably to Jupiter and Epona, in one plaque, to Jupiter alone; the bust of Jupiter is represented on both plaques at the centre of the diadem, frontally, with long, symmetrical hairstyle; he is dressed in a simple folded tunic; an eagle at his right side, his favoured bird and symbol of his power over the skies, as well as of the eternal power of Rome; the feet of both eagles rest on thunderbolts, composed from a turtled elongated body; to the first plaque, another divinity is represented to the left of Jupiter, most probably Epona, left hand holding a staff surmounted by flowers, fruit and ears of corn (cornucopia?); on the left side of the plaque, under the divinities, are two advancing cavalrymen, one dressed with a padded tunic of Celto-Danubian typology, holding a short sword, the other unarmed and lightly dressed; opposite, the god Silvanus seated and covered only by his mantle, is offering the victory laurel to an eagle resting over a basket, caressing a dog; and three female figures (one half naked and with the breast exposed, the other two dressed with chiton and chlamys) are performing an offering in front of a templar construction, one figure holding a staff and the other a standard ending with a seven-pointed star; at the feet of the woman with the staff another dog is lying, probably again associated with the offering god; to the second plaque: the embossed decoration consists mainly of an armed cavalryman, identical to that one on the previous plaques, advancing towards Zeus/Jupiter; two different cult scenes are represented on the sides, on the left a divinity (maybe Silvanus), leaned upon a staff, is offering gifts to a divinity (Epona?), represented as a bust; on the right side a similar figure offering gifts to a cavalryman, preserved only in his lower part; under the central figures are again represented, in smaller dimensions, two divinities, Zeus/Jupiter and Athena/Minerva, the one holding a staff, the second one helmetted and carrying a spear with her right hand, the other hand on a shield; the two figures are flanked by a naked horseman, while the heads of the twins Castor and Pollux are positioned on both their flanks; both plaques with holes for the fastening through small rivets on their sides (still present in the smaller plaques, only one preserved in the bigger plaque), intended to affix the plaques to the crown of the helmet; mounted on perspex.See Fray Bober P., Reviewing Réne Magnen, Epona, Déesse Gauloise des Chevaux, Protectrice des Cavaliers, in American Journal of Archaeology, 62.3, July 1958, pp.349-350; Robinson, R., The Armour of Imperial Rome, New York, 1975; D'Amato, R., Arms and Armour of the Imperial Roman Soldier, London, 2009; Negin A. Roman helmets with a browband shaped as a vertical fronton, in Historia i ?wiat, 2015, 4, 31-46; D'Amato R., A. Negin, Decorated Roman Armour, London, 2017; the helmet browband embossing has parallels with other splendid vertical fronton-shaped specimens, like the helmet from PamukMogila, the fragment of helmet from Leidscherijn, the browband from Leiden, and the very famous helmet recently found in Hallaton (D'Amato-Negin, 2017, fig.62 c, p.64-66); the piece preserved in the National Museum of Antiquities (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden) in Leiden (D'Amato-Negin, 2017, fig.65) shows similar embossing and side holes for fastening. These embossed plaques would have been affixed to the browbands, of the ‘pseudo-Attic’ helmets of the Roman army. The existence of these helmets, the most represented in Roman art (Robinson, 1975, p.182, pl.494; pp.184-185, pls.497-499, 501) although less documented in archaeology, have been a matter of controversy amongst scholars. 1.02 kg total, 30-35cm long (11 3/4 - 13 3/4").Ex an important Dutch collection; acquired in the European market in the 1970s; accompanied by an expertise by military archaeologist Dr Raffaele D'Amato.Despite a number of experts doubting their existence, Russell Robinson published the brow-band of a surviving example over forty years ago (1975, pp.138-139, pls.417-220"). Some scholars are absolutely confident of their existence (D'Amato, 2009, pp.112-114; 206ff.), while others considered the many images of Attic helmets on Roman monuments simply an artistic convention. Recently, Andrei Neginhas collected a good series of samples showing that the presence of these helmets was a reality of the Roman Army (Negin, 2015), a thesis further reinforced in D'Amato and Negin’s 2017 work on Roman decorated armour. Both the authors have shown full evidence with finds suggesting that Attic helmets with browbands, which are often depicted in Roman public art, are no mere convention, but were actually common in the Roman imperial army, imitating models from the earlier period. In the case of similar helmets worn by the Praetorians, it can be assumed that they had more archaic shapes, imitating Greek models. They are exceptionally rare pieces, coming with all probability from a military camp on the Danube. The scene represented here shows a cult to divinities popular among the legions of the Danube; the presence of cavalrymen recalls the cult of the Danubian rider gods, here dressed like a Thracian auxiliary cavalryman of the Roman army, and joined by the rider gods par excellence, the twins Castor and Pollux. The presence of Epona, protector of horses, goddess of fertility, confirms the helmet’s Danubian origin, Epona being 'the sole Celtic divinity ultimately worshipped in Rome itself' (Fray Bober, 1958, p.349"). Her worship as the patroness of cavalry was widespread in the Empire between the first and third centuries AD; this is unusual for a Celtic deity, most of whom were associated with specific localities. Here, she is associated with Silvanus, a god also venerated in the Danubian provinces, a divinity especially popular in Pannonia, and in the cities of Carnuntum and Aquincumwhere he was worshipped as Silvanus Orientalis, the divine guard of the borders.[2] Fragmentary.

7th-6th century BC. An exceptionally well preserved bronze combat helmet of Archaic Corinthian type, with high bowl made from two separate metal sheets with a protruding neck protection; large eye openings, and arched enveloping cheek pieces; with a long, rivetted, slightly outward projecting nose protection; around the edges of the eyebrows and nose-guard are regularly spaced holes with decorative round-headed rivets for the attachment of the inner padding; an ancient repair hole visible over the left eyebrow; trace of a battle blow on the back of the skull; mounted on a custom-made display stand. See Holloway, R.R., Satrianum; the archaeological investigations conducted by Brown University in 1966 and 1967, Brown University Press, 1970; Bottini, A., Egg. M., Von Hase F. W., Pflug H., Schaaf U., Schauer P., Waurick G.,Antike Helme, Sammlung Lipperheide und andere Bestände des Antikenmuseums Berlin, Mainz, 1988; Museo Nazionale del Melfese, Nuovi rinvenimenti nell’area del Melfese. Soprintendenza Archeologica della Basilicata, Melfi, 1996; D’Amato R., Salimbeti A., Bronze Age Greek Warrior, 1600-1100 BC, Oxford, 2011; D’Amato R., Salimbeti A., Early Iron Age Greek Warrior, 1100-700 BC, Oxford, 2016; similar helmets from Torre di Satriano e Benevento (Bottini, Egg, Von Hase, Pflug, Schaaf, Schauer, Waurick, 1988, p.72, fig.7, cat.14 p.392) and Melfi (Museo Nazionale del Melfese, 1996, p.4"). 870 grams, height 22.5cm (8 3/4"). From a private English collection in 2001; acquired from Frank Sternberg, Zurich, Germany in 1993; previously in a 1980s Israeli collection; accompanied by an academic report by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato; a copy of the 2001 invoice and an Art Loss Register certificate no. S00156427.Widespread in the seventh and sixth century BC, the Corinthian helmet provided maximum protection with its nasal and its broad cheek plates. Herodotus mentions the Corinthian helmet in his Histories (4.180) when writing of the Machlyes and Auseans, two tribes living along the River Triton in ancient Libya. The tribes chose annually two teams of the fairest maidens who fought each other ceremonially with sticks and stones. They were dressed in the finest Greek panoply topped off with a Corinthian helmet. The ritual fight was part of a festival honoring the virgin goddess Athena. Young women who succumbed to their wounds during the ordeal were thought to have been punished by the goddess for lying about their virginity. The Corinthian helmet was the most popular during the Archaic and early Classical periods, with the style gradually giving way to the more open Thracian helmet, Chalcidian helmet and the much simpler pilos type, which was less expensive to manufacture and did not obstruct the wearer's critical senses of vision and hearing as the Corinthian helmet did. Numerous examples of Corinthian helmets have been excavated, and they are frequently depicted on pottery. The Corinthian helmet was depicted on more sculpture than any other helmet; it seems the Greeks romantically associated it with glory and the past. The Romans also revered it, from copies of Greek originals to sculpture of their own. Based on the sparse pictorial evidence of the republican Roman army, in Italy the Corinthian helmet evolved into a jockey-cap style helmet called the Italo-Corinthian, Etrusco-Corinthian or Apulo-Corinthian helmet, with the characteristic nose guard and eye slits becoming mere decorations on its face. Given many Roman appropriations of ancient Greek ideas, this change was probably inspired by the 'over-the-forehead' position common in Greek art. This helmet remained in use well into the 1st century AD. Excellent condition, complete. An extremely rare early type.

Early 3rd century AD. A double-edged longsword (spatha) of Lauriacum Hromówka typology; well preserved blade, with four blood channels running three quarters of its length, wider and parallel cutting edges tapering towards the triangular point; inlaid decoration at the height of the sword’s shoulders, showing on one side the figure of Mars Ultor, standing in armour (statos), shield (aspis) and plumed helmet (galea), holding a spear with the left arm, on the other side the aquila of the Legion flanked by two military standards (signa), fitted with four phalerae and with at the top a wide hasta pura. See Biborski, M.,‘Miecze z okresu wp?ywów rzymskich na obszarze kultury przeworskiej’, in Materia?y Archeologiczne XVIII, 1978, pp.53-165; Robinson, H.R., What the soldiers wore on Hadrian’s Wall New Castle on Tyne, 1976-1979; Czarnecka, K.,‘Two newly-found Roman swords from the Przeworsk culture cemetery in Oblin, Siedlce District, Poland’ in JRMES 3,1992, pp.41-56; Bishop, M. C. – Coulston, J.C.N., Roman military equipment, from the Punic wars to the fall of Rome, London, 1993; Biborski, M. ‘Römische Schwerter im Gebiet des europäischen Barbaricum’, in JRMES 5, 1994, pp.169-198; Southern, P., Dixon, K.R., The Late Roman Army, London, 1996; Dautova Ruševljan V., Vujovi?, M.,Roman Army in Srem, Novi Sad, 2006; Biborki, M./Ilkjar J., Illerup Ådal 12. Die Schwerter. 1. Textband. 2. Tafeln und Fundlisten, Moesgard, 2006; Miks, C., Studien zur Romischen Schwertbewaffnung in der Kaiserzeit, I-II Banden, Rahden, 2007; Cascarino, G.,Sansilvestri, C.,L’esercito romano, armamento ed organizzazione, vol.III, dal III secolo alla fine dell’Impero d’Occidente, Rimini, 2009; Radjush, O.,‘New armament finds of the Scythian wars' epoch in the northern Black Sea region’ in Busch, A. W. and Schalles, H.-J. (eds.), Waffen in Aktion. Akten des 16. Internationalen Roman Military Equipment Conference (ROMEC), Xanten, 13.-16. Juni 2007, Xantener Berichte 16, Darmstad, 2009, pp.183-8; Guillaud I., Militaria à Lugdunum: étude de l’armement et de l’équipement militaire d’époque romaine à Lyon (1er s. av.-IVe s. apr. J.-C.), Archéologie et Préhistoire, Lyon, 2017; D’Amato, R., Roman army Units in the Western Provinces, Oxford, 2019; for very similar specimens see Miks, 2007, n.A146,3; A146,10 (Ejsbol); A384 (Krasnik-Piasti); A595 (Pontoux); A830 (Sisak); A620 (Rezeczyca Dluga); A586 (Pododlow); A676 (Sobotka); A211 (Kielce"). 832 grams, 74cm, 6cm wide (29").From a Cambridgeshire private collection since 2008; formerly in a Nottinghamshire collection since the 1980s, accompanied by an expertise from the military specialist Dr. Raffaele D’Amato.Although in Latin literature the late Roman sword was often still conventionally called gladius (Ammianus Marcellinus, Historiae, XIX, 6; Passio SS. Rogatiani et Donatiani,1859, p.323), the main kind of blade of the Roman third and fourth century soldier belongs to the so-called spatha type (Scriptores Historia Augusta, Divus Claudius, XXV, 7, 5; 8, 5) which derived directly from the long cutting Celtic sword of the La Tène III period, already used by the cavalrymen and Auxilia of the previous Ages. The great spatha (spathì) of the Roman heavy infantryman was considered by Julius Africanus (Fragm., I, 1, 53) as the main weapon of the armoured legionary of Alexander Severus. The frequent clashes with Germanic warriors armed with long swords and the increased recruitment by the Roman army lead to the growth of spatha use by the milites legionarii (DautovaRuševljan-Vujovi?, 2006, p.50"). These longer swords slowly replaced the shorter gladius, the double-edged sword of the imperial infantry, for all troops. Vegetius (Epitome de re military, II,15) calls the spatha a gladius maior, i.e. a great sword, sometimes a metre long. A wide range of spathae have been found dating from the late second to the late fourth century AD (D’Amato, 2019, p.14"). There are today several hundred attested Roman longswords scattered throughout Europe. Specimens of Roman spathae of the second and third centuries have been found in large numbers in the Danish bogs (Nydam, Straubing, Thorsberg, Illerup"). These swords show a great deal of variability, in terms of shape and dimensions; today a typological framework is well-established, thanks to the work of academics including Ulbert, Biborski and Miks. This particular type is the Lauriacum-Hromówka of which more than 30 specimens have been found in Poland.Fine condition. Scarce.

16th-17th century AD. A war hammer or Nazdiak of Polish origin, the head composed of two pieces; the twisted shaft made of solid iron, and the head, made of one single piece, shaped like a hammer from one side and a pointed spike or dagger from the other side; the dagger showing a strong quadrangular outline, fixed to the shaft with an upper insertion hole and then rivetted, with the help of an auxiliary iron cap; its spike of a 'raven beak' shape of quadrangular section, while the hammer is flat at the top; the shaft is particularly twisted, and ends, in the lower part, with a short handle. See Йотов В, Въоръжението и снаряжението от българското средновековие (VII-XI век), Варна, 2004; Brzezinski, R., Polish Armies 1569-1696 (1), London, 1987; Gilliot, C., Armes & Armures/Weapons & Armours, Bayeux, 2008. 2.1 kg, 60cm (23 1/2").From an important private family collection of arms and armour; acquired on the European art market in the 1980s, and thence by descent; accompanied by an academic report by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato.The war hammer was a bulky weapon. The wider use of hammers, especially among riders, began in the 13th century, with the spread of armour, although traces of war hammers could already be found in 10th century Byzantium, with the weapon called akouphion (Yotov, 2004, pp.106-107"). At the beginning it was made of a lead cylinder, extremely heavy with a handle (Gilliot, 2008, p.150"). In the late Middle Ages (XIV-XVI centuries), with the introduction of a new means of defence - the plate armour, against which swords, axes, maces and other melee weapons were less effective, various types of war hammers became widely used. The old cylindrical plommée (lead cylindrical hammer) were replaced in the early 15th century, by the more solid and light iron hammer. This was a lighter weapon, not exceeding 2.5 kg, the knob of which was a hammer itself or had a hammer on one side and a beak on the other, that is, a facetted spike or a massive blade of different lengths, a straight or slightly curved blade. The name hammer comes from one of the elements of the warhead, even if the a real hammer itself may not be on it. Because of their appearance, hammerheads with beaks were often known by bird-related names, such as ‘black beak’ in Spain, ‘crow’s beak’ or ‘eagle’s beak’ in France, ‘falcon beak’ in Italy and ‘parrot beak’ in Germany and Poland. The bec de courbin' had a particular pointy beak aimed at delivering strong thrusts. Often there was also a point pointing upwards and additional short spikes, directly inserted on the impact surface of the hammer or sideways. The beak was capable of breaking chain mail or breaking through plate armour. With a hammer, the enemy could be stunned and his armour deformed. Beaks could also be used to capture the enemy, primarily pulling the rider off of his horse. But for this, hammers having long shafts were better suited. In this case the bec de courbin took up a long handle in the middle 15th century and was called, because of its primary use by the Swiss infantry, 'Lucerne Hammer'. Compared to the mace and the axe attached to the saddlebow (arcione), the war hammer originated several variants which, to date, make it rather difficult to discriminate its archetypal form. The weapon presented here had in fact, enormous similarities with the horseman's pick, only in some of its regional variants well distinguishable from the war hammer (eg. the Polish nazdiak,) often called a raven-headed hammer of the type here represented. It has good parallels with Polish originals of 16th-17th centuries in the Wojska Polskiego Museum (Polish Army Museum), Warsaw, and illustrated in contemporary documents (Brzezinski, 1987, p.41"). Most probably this specimen is from a battlefield or a castle as it is in excellent condition. The horseman's pick has remarkable similarities with the war hammer, so that some variants of the two weapons are almost identical. In the Germanic areas, both weapons are identified as hammer ('hammer' in German language): reiterhammer ('knight's hammer') the horseman's pick and kriegshammer ('war hammer') the war hammer. The distinguishing element is the shape of the hammer head. Weapon apt to injure by blow, the proper war hammer had often a serrated and massive head. The hybrid forms (eg. Polish czekan,) similar to the peak of arms, instead present a hammerhead reduced to a mere counterweight for the long metallic 'beak' that protrudes on the other side of the head, destined to pierce the armor or the opponent's helmet. However, by comparing a Polish nazdiak with a French or Italian war hammer, fundamental differences stand out. There where the western war hammer (like the heaviest Italian mazzaapicchio) which is able to strike both with the head of the hammer, often toothed, and with the curved tip; the horseman's pick striking mainly with the pointed peak, while the hammerhead was reduced to a mere counterweight. Another distinctive feature of the Polish nazdiak is it being made entirely of metal, like the Italian war mace, and it being longer than the war hammer. Eloquent in regard to its efficiency, is the witness of the account of Abbot J?drzej Kitowicz, who lived at the time of August III of Poland (1696-1763): '[The nazdiak] is a terrible instrument in the hands of the Poles, especially if they are in a warrior or altered mood. With the sabres you can cut off someone's hand, tear his face and injure him in the head and the sight of the blood that flows from the enemy can thus calm the resentment. But with the nazdiak you could cause a fatal injury without seeing the blood and, not seeing its, calm down, instead ending up hitting several times without cutting the skin but breaking bones and vertebrae. The nobles with clubs often beat their servants to death. Because of the danger it posed, they were forbidden to be armed during large assemblies or parliamentary sessions. [...] And in truth, it was a brigand's instrument, because if you hit someone with the pointed beak of the nadziak behind the ear, you kill it instantly, the temple pierced by the deadly iron. '(Jędrzej Kitowicz, Opis obyczajów za panowania Augusta III)'.Fine condition. Very rare.

A FIRST WORLD WAR BRITISH ARMY WOODEN GAS RATTLE, W.B. LTD, 1918 The iron mounted wooden mechanism on a faceted wooden handle28cm longThese rattles were used to warn soldiers of inbound gas. They were light, easy to carry and of a simple design. The loud clicking sound was more effective than church bells and air horns.

A 1942 World War II British Army Foreign Service khaki pith helmet size 6 7/8 by Pailsworth Hats Ltd.

A Vic officer’s black leather shoulder belt and pouch of the R Army Medical Corps, black leather belt with 3 embroidered stripes, gilt buckle and slide, pouch with 2 stripes, gilt badge. Gilt mounts near VGC (belt worn)

A 6 shot .44” Remington New Model Army SA percussion revolver, number 91813, walnut grips, the left hand grip with inspector’s initials “BH” (Benjamin Harris). WO & basically GC, barrel markings legible (worn overall with some light pitting)

A Third Reich Army Close Combat clasp in bronze, with mark of Friedrick Linden, and with ribbed flat pin. GC, in a fitted velvet lined case

2 panoramic colour prints, after originals by Simkin “The Indian Native Army” showing types of cavalry and infantry, and “The Irish Regiments of the British Army” all with identification; and another print “Our British Volunteers”; all in simple mounts and framed. GC (minor folding creases)

Various parts for Third Reich daggers: blades comprise SA by Wagner & Lange, Solingen (tip broken off but present), etched Naval (pitted), plain Naval, and 2 others; body only of SS sheath (no mounts) and sundry hilt parts, including orange Army grip (chipped), 2 Army crosspieces (one lacking swastika, the other swastika re-attached), 2 Army pommels, etc. Mostly worn condition).

35x EFE buses & coaches. Including; Plaxton Pointer, Maidstone. Daimler Fleetline, S. Yorkshire. Alexander Y Type, Maidstone, Bedford OB, Grey Cars. AEC Regal, US Army. BET Coach, Maidstone. Leyland PD1, E. Kent. Bristol MW, Eastern Counties. Plaxton Paramount, Grey Green. Harrington Grenadier, Maidstone. AEC Regal, Windover. Bedford SB, Orange. RMA Routemaster, BEA, etc. All boxed, minor/some wear. Contents VGC-Mint. £50-70