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Click here to subscribeCollins (Arthur) Letters and Memorials of State in the Reigns of Queen Mary .. and Oliver's Usurpation, written and collected by Sir Henry Sydney. 2 vols. folio L. 1746. First Edn. engd. port. frontis Vol. I, list of subs., engd. bookplates, Tervoe etc., cont. mottled calf, joints cracked, tooled gilt spines, worn. (2)
With All the Maps & PlatesBogs in Ireland: Griffith (R.) & others, The First-Fourth Report of the Commissioners Appointed to enquire into the Nature and Extents of the Several Bogs in Ireland, In 3 Vols. Folio L. 1810-1814. Sole Editions, Complete Set, with 66 fold. & other maps plates etc. (complete), cont. hf. calf, marble sides, all joints loose.* A very good complete set, with all the maps very clean. unusual to get in this condition. (3)
Original Corrected TypescriptÓ Flaithearta (Liam) A collection of five original corrected typescripts of stories in Irish, one apparently unpublished, as follows:a)An tAonach. Marked for 'Fáinne an Lae' [periodical], 5/9/25, 2 pp, Gaelic typescript, some amendments. Published in 'Dúil' [1953] as story 14 (p. 128).b)An Fiach. Fáinne an Lae 27.6.1925. 2 pp, Gaelic typescript. Added comment by 'F. É.' crossed out at end. Published in 'Dúil' as story 15 (p. 131).c)An Charraig Dhubh. Typescript, 4 pp, ms. amendments, published in 'Dúil' as story 3 (p. 25). With another typing, folio, carbon copy, 3 pp.d)Teangabháil. Typescript on yellow paper, 13 pp, manuscript amendments. Published in 'Dúil' as story 13 (p. 115). One of O'Flaherty's best known stories.e)Comhrac Aonair. Typescript, 2 pp, commencing 'Faoi sholas gleigeal an mhaidneachain, bhi an gleann glais-fhearach beo le luath-rith agus seitreach searrach ..' Not in 'Dúil', apparently unpublished.An important collection. O'Flaherty's typescripts and manuscripts are rare. (1)Provenance: O'Flaherty family.
The John Shaw Smith Photographic Albums** One of a Set of 5 Original Calotypes by the Inventor of this Process John Shaw Smith** Photographs: Four Albums of almost 300 Photographs after the originals now in the National Photographic Archive, by John Shaw Smith, taken c. 1850 - 52 in Ireland, Egypt, & The Middle East, all carefully mounted in black oblong folio albums, & each neatly captioned underneath. As photographs, w.a.f. (4)* The prints are of very high quality.John Shaw Smith (1811 - 1873) owned the estate of Clonmault, Midleton, Co. Cork, Ireland. He was the amateur par excellence. Travel was his passion, photography a means of recording.In August 1849, he and his wife Mary Louisa Richardson of Lisburn "determined to make a tour of some parts of Europe and Egypt & Palestine". In February 1850, while making preparations for the tour in London, he writes in his diary: "I also obtained many letters of introduction to the different countries we proposed to visit and purchased a photographic camera with its appendages for taking Views of the various objects on our journey."Shaw Smith dated separately each of some 300 calotype negatives 9" x 7", in the three years 1850 - 52 inclusive, and the dates are confirmed by those in his diaries, which his descendants still hold. His wife accompanied him by Nile boat and on camel-back through Upper and Lower Egypt, Nubia and the Sinai Peninsula, to Petra and the Holy Land. Although conducted by a Sheikh, they ran considerable risks. Having climbed Mount Hor, Shaw Smith entered Petra from the high ground near El Deir, made the first photographic record of the hidden city, and left by way of the Sik: thus reversing the usual procedure of travellers.Quite early in the tour, "appendages" ran out and he improvised a calotype process on paper negatives, details of which are lacking. The most modest and retiring of men, Shaw Smith had no thought of publicity.He rented two town houses successively in Dublin on his return, and was thus in touch with the P.S.I. from early days. But the quality of his work remained unknown until the Exhibition of Victorian Photographs from the Gernsheim Collection, during the Festival of Britain, 1951.
Rare Photographs of Co. KerryPhotographsL Lawrence (W.) Photographer. A very good small oblong folio Album of 50 Photographs of Co. Kerry, including some rare examples including The Building of The O'Connell Church, Caherciveen, The Ruins of O'Connell's Birthplace, The Lighthouse Valentia, The Knight of Kerry's House in Valentia, Main St. Valentia, good views of Glenbeigh, Rossbeigh, Poor Clare Convent, Kenmare, Railway Terminus Killarney, others of Killorglin, etc. each approx. 5 1/2" x 8", all c. 1880, in hf. mor. Album. as a coll. of photos, w.a.f. Good. (1)
Royal Irish Academy: Atkinson (Rob.)ed. The Book of Leinster, Sometime Called The Book of Glendalough, A Collection of Pieces (Prose and Verse) in the Irish Language. Lg. thick folio D. 1880. Sole Edn., hf. title, 410pp fac-simile, errata leaf & slip, orig. cloth backed boards, paper label. V. good. (1)
The Irish 9th Century Masterpiece[Book of Kells] Evanangliorum Quattuor Codex Canannensis, 3 vols. lg. folio Berne, Switzerland by Urs Graf-Verlag. 1950 Limited Edition No. 124 (500), with fine full page cold. plts., in orig. full vellum with Celtic designs, & quarter vellum. Ex. Fine Set. (3)
The Book of LecanIrish Manuscripts Commission: Mulchrone (Kathleen)ed. The Book of Lecan Leabhar Mor Mhic Thir Bhisigh Leacain, thick folio D. (stationary Office) 1937. Facsimile in Collotype of Irish Manuscript 315pp, orig. hf. mor.; with The Reprint of Introduct and Indexes, by Kathleen Mulchron, folio D. 1939, wrappers. (2)
With Fine Woodcut IllustrationBiblia Sacra: Biblia Sacra Vugate Editionis Sixti V. Pontificis Max. Iussu Recognita, et Clementis VIII. Auctoritate edita. Versiculis Distincta, Et ad singula Capita Augumentis aucta, Pluribusque Imaginibus, ad Historiarum notitiam politissime elaboratis, ornata; Indiceque Epistolarum, & Evangeliorum locupletata. Sm. folio Venice (Nicolaum Pezzana) 1697. Add. engd. title, red & bl. title with wd. cut device, & 109 woodcut illustrations, a.e.g., cont. gilt panel calf, corner decoration, reback with orig. spine laid down, mor. label. Good copy. (1)
Signed by Samuel Beckett & Louis le BrocquyBeckett (Sam.) Stirrings Still, illustrated by Louis le Brocquy, folio N.Y. & L. (J. Calder) 1988. Lim. Edn. No. 182 of 200 Copies only, Signed by Author & Artist, lg. cold. illus., & others bl. & white throughout, uncut, vellum backed cloth, gilt decor., slipcase. (1)
Juvenalia: Pop-Up- Book Giraud (S. Louis)ed. Bookano Stories and Hans Andersen's Fairy Stories, 3 vols. L. Strand Publications, n.d., with bl. & white, & cold. pop-up illus., cold. pict. cloth backed boards; Christie (G.F.) Round de Ole Plantation, folio L. n.d. hf. title & cold. illus., pict. cloth backed boards; Tarrant (M.W.) Mother Goose Nursery Tales, folio L. n.d., cold. plts. orig. cloth backed pict. boards. All v. good. (5)
Edith Oenone Somerville, (1858 - 1949)Pastel Drawing: A Naughty Little Elephant, 28cms x 37cms (11" x 14 1/2"), signed with initials, & framed. This original pastel appears as illustration No. 1, in Somerville's classic children's book "The Discontented Little Elephant," sm. oblong folio L. 1912. (1)Provenance: Purchased by The Neptune Gallery in 1964 at the sale in London of Edith Somerville's papers & artwork. It was subsequently purchased by the present owner at an exhibition of her work at The Neptune Gallery in Dublin in 1965.
Slipper's ABC and four illustrated books on fox hunting and country pusuits. Somerville, Edith. Slipper's ABC Of Fox Hunting, London, 1903. Elephant folio, 20 colour plates by the author. boards and spine very worn, interior very good; Ross, Martin and Somerville, Edith, A Patrick's Day Hunt, London, 1902, condition, very good.; Edwards, Lionel, My Irish Sketch Book, London, 1938; Armour, G.D. A Hunting Alphabet, An A B C. London, 1929, condition, very good; and Caldecott, Randolph. Last "Graphic" Pictures, London, 1888, condition, good. (5)
ATATURK MUSTAFA KEMAL: (1881-1938) Turkish Army Officer and Revolutionary, founder of the Republic of Turkey serving as its first President 1923-38. A rare autograph plan in Ataturk's hand, unsigned, one page (faintly squared graph paper), folio, n.p. (Ankara), n.d. (1927). In bold pencil Ataturk has drawn a rough plan outlining the geographical positions of several Turkish cities which he identifies, most with abbreviations. Ataturk marks Usak, a city in the interior part of the Aegean Region of Turkey and capital of the Usak Province, as well as Dagyenice ('D'), also in the region of Usak and southwest of Ankara, Eskisehir ('Esk') a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of the Eskisehir Province, and Bursa ('B'), the fourth most populous city in Turkey, located in northwestern Anatolia within the Marmara Region. Ataturk has identified each of the towns and cities with circles (some shaded) and drawn various lines between each. An interesting document relating to Turkey's geography in the hand of the Republic's founder. Some light folds and creasing, otherwise VG Provenance: The present document originates from the papers of Dr. Eugene Pittard (1867-1962) the Swiss Anthropologist. Pittard authored several works on Turkey, including Le visage nouveau de la Turquie (1931), and in 1927 he and his wife, Hélène Dufour, visited Ankara and were entertained by Ataturk. It was during this trip and whilst discussing Turkey that Ataturk drew the present plan to illustrate the distances between various key Turkish cities. Another similar document relating to Turkey (and the modernisation of the country's language, with which Pittard assisted) in Ataturk's hand and also from Pittard's papers was included in the Albin Schram Collection of Autograph Letters (see Christie's auction in London, 3rd July 2007, lot 326). Ataturk rose to prominence in the Turkish War of Independence where he led the Turkish National Movement to victory. After establishing a provisional government in Ankara, Ataturk then embarked on a programme of political, economic and cultural reforms, seeking to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern and secular nation-state. The principles of Ataturk's reforms, upon which modern Turkey was established, are referred to as Kemalism. His achievements in Turkey are an enduring monument to Ataturk.
JAMES II & VII: (1633-1701) King of England & Ireland and King of Scotland (as James VII) 1685-88.D.S., James R, as King, at the head, one page, folio, Court at Whitehall, London, 11th April 1685. The manuscript Warrant is addressed to Francis, Lord Guilford, Keeper of the Great Seal, and states, in part, 'Whereas Our Most Deare Brother the late King deceased did by his Letters Patents bearing date the 12th day of January last past grant the Deanary and Church of Bristoll with all its Rights and Priviledges unto Richard Thompson ... who was instituted thereunto, but the Mandate for his Instalment becoming voyd by the Demise of Our said Most Deare Brother, the said Dr Thompson hath humbly besought Us to direct a New Mandate', further requesting Lord Guilford to direct 'the Canons of the said Church to install the said Deane ... in pursuance of Our said most Deare Brothers Royall Intention…' so as 'the same might have been done & compleated if the Demise ... had not hapned ...' Countersigned ('Sunderland') at the foot Robert Spencer (1641-1702) 2nd Earl of Sunderland. English Nobleman and Statesman, Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1682-88. With blind embossed seal at the head. With blank integral leaf. An attractive, clean document. VGA fine, early document signed by King James just two months into his reign.Francis North (1637-1685) 1st Baron Guilford. British Lawyer, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal 1682-85, succeeding Lord Nottingham.Richard Thompson, English Vicar of St. Mary Redcliffe in Bristol. King Charles II had presented him to the Deanery of Bristol on 12th May 1684, and again on 7th January 1685 owing to a clerical error. He was instituted on 2nd February (that is, to the temporalities of his post) but King Charles died on the 6th February 1685, just four days later. Thompson was re-instituted by the present document, and installed by the Cathedral Chapter on 24th May 1685, but himself died the following 29th November 1685.James II and VII was the last Roman Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland. King James is remembered for his struggles with the English Parliament and his attempts to create religious liberty for English Roman Catholics and Protestant nonconformists, against the wishes of the Anglican establishment. Parliament, opposed to the growth of absolutism that was occurring in other European countries, as well as to the loss of legal supremacy of the Church of England, saw their opposition as a way to preserve what they regarded as traditional English liberties. This tension made King James's four-year reign a struggle for supremacy between the English Parliament and the Crown, resulting in his deposition in the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and the passage of the Bill of Rights (1689).
ROSSINI GIOACHINO: (1792-1868) Italian Composer. Rare A.M.Q.S., Gioachino Rossini, one page, oblong folio manuscript paper, Florence, 3rd June 1853. In bold dark fountain pen ink, Rossini has neatly penned a quotation for piano forte comprising ten bars of music across two staves, with small annotations, which he identifies as A[ndanti]no. Signed and dated by the composer immediately beneath the quotation. Some light creasing and minor overall age wear, VG Rossini wrote some 39 operas, the best known perhaps being The Barber of Seville, and was a prolific composer of sacred music, chamber music, songs and some other instrumental pieces. Known as 'The Italian Mozart', until his retirement in 1829 Rossini had been the most popular opera composer in history.
ALEXANDER I: (1777-1825) Emperor of Russia 1801-25. Alexander was also the first Russian King of Poland (1815-25) and the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland (1809-25). D.S., Aleksandr, as Emperor, in Cyrillic, one page, folio, n.p., 4th July 1825, in Cyrillic. The attractively penned manuscript document is a decree addressed to the Chapter of the Orders of Russia and confers Knighthoods on Cossack Captain Popov and Councillor Ogarkov and states, in part, 'In recompense for the aid given to the inhabitants of the Colony of Sarepta by Marshal of the Nobility for Kamyshin and Tsaritsyn, Cossack Captain Popov, in putting out the fire suffered by them in 1823, and the Member of the Moscow Mountain Board Titular Councillor Ogarkov, in recompense for the distinguished zeal shown in his work….We Most Graciously appoint them Knights, the former of the Order of the Apostolic Prince St. Vladimir, 4th Class, and the latter of the Order of St. Anne, 3rd Class', further commanding the Chapter to deliver to them the certificates and insignia of the orders. Countersigned at the foot in the Settlement District of the 1st and 2nd Carabineer Regiments. With a very small, insignificant area of paper loss to the upper left edge, not affecting the text or signature, VG Alexander I succeeded to the Russian throne following the assassination of his father, Emperor Paul I. Alexander ruled Russia during the chaotic period of the Napoleonic Wars and he changed his country's position relative to France on four occasions between 1804 and 1812 among neutrality, opposition and alliance. In 1805 he joined Britain in the War of the Third Coalition against Napoleon, but after the massive defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz he switched and formed an alliance with Napoleon by the Treaty of Tilsit (1807). He and Napoleon could never agree, especially about Poland, and the alliance had collapsed by 1810. Emperor Alexander I's greatest triumph came in 1812 as Napoleon's invasion of Russia proved a total disaster for the French.
FLENSBURG GOVERNMENT:An extremely rare and historically important Top Secret document prepared by Commodore Tully Shelley, Intelligence Officer with the U.S. Navy, 36 pages (originally 37, unfortunately lacking the first page), folio, n.p. (SHAEF Headquarters, Germany), 19th June 1945. The carbon typed document represents the original English translation of the daily notes prepared by Walter Ludde-Neurath in his capacity as personal adjutant to Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz, and date from 2nd – 17th May 1945 at the time when Doenitz was serving as head of the Flensburg Government. The momentous document was completed under the instruction of Major General Sir Kenneth Strong commences with a summary of its contents, the salient points listed in numbered paragraphs from 4-11 (1-3 evidently originally on the missing first page), in part, ‘Historically enclosure (A) is a document of great value, and for the immediate future there can be gained from the document a very good insight in to the aim of the Doenitz government.… the Doenitz Government accepted this report of Hitler’s death as a fact and acted thereon accordingly. It is very interesting to note that Doenitz acted upon Bormann’s despatch and completely disregarded Goebbels’ later despatch insofar as the formation of the new government was concerned.…...Doenitz expressed himself very forcefully as favouring co-operation with the Western Powers… Doctor Rössner on the 17 May 1945 reported the recent growing development among the troops and officers toward Eastern orientation… Thoughts were developing among German officers that the German Fleet should be sailed to Kronstadt instead of to English harbours. In addition, further centers of attraction favouring the Russian side were set forth, such as: (a) The hoped for rapid re-establishment of national unity, quoting Stalin, “Germany must not be dismembered”….(c) A better provisional outlook in the East for each professional soldier….In conversation with Dr. Rössner, Doenitz branded such a position as monstrously short-sighted…but no one considers the price which in the long run we would have to pay: the giving up of Volkische existence…(following a meeting between Doenitz, Speer, Wegener, Keitel, Jodl and Wagner on 11th May 1945 to discuss the problem of East vs. West)…the Russians occupy that portion of Germany east of the Elbe, which was from the standpoint of supplying food an area of overabundance…. He (the Russian) will find it easy to create bearable living conditions… in conjunction with dexterous management and propaganda threatens the Bolshevization of the largest part of the population in this area. The West has been an area of agricultural scarcity… refuges… sizeable overpopulation… The inevitable results are hunger, epidemic and the promotion of radicalism among the masses…. And knowledge of the happier fate of the East German area will do the rest for the Bolshevization of this part of Germany too. The problems of this world and in particular of Europe have not been settled by this war…future disruption and the hope for a bettering of our fate lead people to seek the path of least sacrifice… the East appears enticing. The complete lack of understanding of the Anglo-Americans of these problems and their short sighted, colonial-minded management of the German people leads further in the direction of throwing us into the arms of the Russians. If the foregoing problems are not soon carried through to an energetic solution, the developments will necessarily bear Bolshevistic fruit.’ and continues with the complete English translations of Ludde-Neurath’s daily notes commencing on 2nd May 1945 and which state, in part, ‘Minutes of discussions and decisions…Radio despatch 1807/30/ag 14. Received: 30 April 1835 Contents: F R R Grand Admiral Doenitz: The Fuhrer has designated you as his successor instead of ex-Reichsmarschall Goering. Written confirmation follows. From now on, you will order such measures as will be found necessary in the current situation…(in reply)…My Fuhrer, my loyalty to you will be unconditional. I shall make every effort in order to relieve you in Berlin. Nevertheless if fate forces me to lead the German Reich as your chosen successor, I shall conduct this war to the end in a manner befitting this unique heroic struggle… of the German Volk. Radio despatch 1446/1/ag 32 Transmitted: 1 May 1518 Contents: F R R Grand Admiral (Top Secret. Officer messenger only!). The Führer died yesterday at 1530. The testament of 29 April confers on you the office of Reichespresident… Reichsleiter Bormann is trying to get to you today in order to brief you on the situation. Goebbels…..Daily notes 2 May 1945 1030 hrs......Translation of enclosure (C) 19 May 1945 …Subj.: Geneva prisoner of war and wounded convention of 1929 and Hague rules for land warfare of 1907…..…The unconditionalness of the military surrender means, as has been previously laid down, juristically speaking, only that the insistence of the enemy on full disarmament, etc., must be undertaken without contradiction or reservation. As for the rest, the enemy has relative to the Geneva and Hague Conventions no further reaching rights than those… In regards to article 5 of the Convention on prisoners of war, according to which prisoners have the duty upon questioning to reveal only their true names, ranks and numbers… the obligation of secrecy does not stand any longer on account of the unconditional surrender… prisoners can incur punishment… if they give no answer or an incorrect answer if they are questioned regarding their membership of the NSDAP….Since the war from the German side was conducted according to repeated declarations of the former German authorities as a battle of “Weltanschauugen”, the Allies must be presumed to have the authority… to examine all Germans whether they are or not to be employed as public functionaries in the administration of the occupied area…’ Each page bears the red stamped words TOP SECRET at the head and with two file holes to the head of each page, some small tears, creasing, light age wear and small areas of paper loss to the head of most pages, generally GA VITALLY IMPORTANT DOCUMENT DETAILING THE VERY FINAL STAGES OF THE THIRD REICHWalter Ludde-Neurath (b.1914) German Kriegsmarine officer of World War II, Personal Adjutant to Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz from 1944-45. The present lot is accompanied by a copy of a T.L.S. by Ludde-Neurath, one page, 4to, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 13th November 1980, in German. Writing in response to having been sent a copy of the present document, Ludde-Neurath replied ‘I naturally find it extremely interesting that a carbon copy of my daily notes has suddenly appeared. As far as my recollection goes I had only two originals produced and only the one carbon copy. It is evidently this latter one which has now been offered to you’. Ludde-Neurath used his daily notes as the basis for his book Unconditional Surrender – A Memoir of the Last Days of the Third Reich and the Donitz Administration (2010) being the English translation of Regierung Donitz: die letzen Tage des Dritten Reiches originally published in 1950.Provenance: The present document was previously the property of Major General Sir Kenneth Strong, General Eisenhower’s Chief of Intelligence, and produced for his own personal evaluation of the workings of the Flensburg Government. Owing to restrictions imposed by the-saleroom the complete catalogue description can not be shown here. Please contact the auctioneers for further details.
WORLD WAR II:An extremely rare and historically important original flow-chart, the partially printed document, completed in typescript, is entitled Gliederung Oberkommando d. Wehrmacht, one page, oblong folio, n.p. (Flensburg), May 1945, in German. The organisational diagram showing the composition of the German Army High Command (OKW) as at 10th May 1945, with Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel as Chef OKW/Chefgruppe and Generaloberst Alfred Jodl as Chef Wehrmachtsfuhrungsstab and also identifies the ranks of various other German officers within the structure of the OKW including Hermann Reinecke, Rudolf Lehmann, Siegfried Adolf Handloser, Leopold Bürkner, Erich Dethleffsen and Heinz Assmann. Some light overall creasing and some tears and areas of paper loss to some edges and corners, professionally restored in places, GProvenance: The present document was previously the property of Major General Sir Kenneth Strong, General Eisenhower's Chief of Intelligence, and retained by him as an historical souvenir of the end of World War II in Europe.The present document was produced at the insistence of the Allies when a SHAEF Control Party visited Doenitz’s headquarters at Flensburg on 12th May 1945. The team comprised fourteen Americans led by Major General Lowell W. Rooks and eleven British under Brigadier E.J. Foord. A meeting was convened between 8.25pm and 8.45pm on the 12th May with the OKW representative, Colonel Meyer-Detring. As a result OKW were ordered to produce by 10am on the 13th May a number of documents relating to the composition of the Armed Forces and their senior commanders. The present document was one of those so produced and is historically significant in that it is the last OKW organisational diagram to include Field Marshall Keitel as its chief. However, by midday, Germany’s new Chancellor, Grand Admiral Döenitz, was advised that the Supreme Commander of the Army High Command, Field Marshal Keitel was, on the instructions of General Eisenhower, to be relieved of his post immediately and treated as a prisoner of war. Colonel General Jodl assumed Keitel’s position until both the Acting German Government and the German High Command were dissolved, and its members arrested, on the 23rd May 1945.Four days after the surrender at Reims, General Eisenhower ordered General Rooks, a deputy G-3 of SHAEF, to establish a Control Party at Flensburg in order to impose the will of the Supreme Commander on the OKW in the areas of Germany occupied by the Western Allies. Headed by General der Infanterie Friedrich Fangohr, Rook’s orders were to compile information about the German command system through the collection and safeguarding of all OKW documents at FIensburg. Following Field Marshal Keitel’s arrest, General Jodl assured the Allied general that he would undertake to carry out SHAEF directives in the interests of maintaining order and saving the German people from catastrophe. Meanwhile, Doenitz declared that the German armed forces had taken an oath to him personally and would obey his orders. He understood the critical situation that the Reich now found itself in, with severe shortages of food, currency, and fuel. The focus had shifted from military to civilian needs, in which Doenitz felt compelled to organised through a central German authority. General Rooks brushed suggestion aside, stating that SHAEF army group commanders would organise their own zonal affairs, and that the OKW would only be involved in matters common to all Allied zones. On the 17th May, Doenitz’s censored statement to the German people removed any doubts or aspirations the fledgling continuation government had of leading its citizens, "The German Reich has had to capitulate because it was at the end of its power of resistance. The first consequence that we have to draw is the most loyal fulfilment of the demands made on us. There must be no officer and no soldier, who would try by illegal means to evade the consequences which have arisen out of the last war and an unconditional surrender." Despite these evidences of co-operation, messages of were still being transmitted from inside the OKW enclave that were angering the Allies, including arrangements made to established a German chain of command through which it could carry out the initial steps of disbanding the enemy forces. This prompted the imposition of censorship of Flensburg radio and its ultimate closure. Other criticisms arose when senior Allied officers were photographed in friendly poses with high-level German commanders and when reports were printed that enemy leaders were receiving special treatment, and that some members of the old regime might be perpetuated in power. On 19th May, the Supreme Commander directed the 21 Army Group to consult with the SHAEF control party at Flensburg and then to arrest the members of Doenitz' "so-called government" and of OKW. On the morning of 23rd May, General Rooks summoned Doenitz, Jodl, and Friedeburg to his office and informed them of the Supreme Commander's order. The officers were then put under guard, but, despite all precautions, Admiral Friedeburg killed himself by taking poison. With the arrest of Doenitz and members of his staff, the main work of the SHAEF Control Party at Flensburg was ended. General Rooks indicated his intention of leaving the area about 27th May and handed over local control to a small joint U.S.-British Ministerial Control Party. However, he retained general policy control of the southern branch of OKW which was still in existence and made attempts to disband German forces in that sector. Wilhelm Keitel (1882-1946) German Field Marshal who served as Chief of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Supreme Command of the Armed Forces) for most of World War II, making him the Chief of Defense for Germany.Alfred Jodl (1890-1946) German General, who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (OKW). After the war, Jodl was indicted on the charges of conspiracy to commit crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression; war crimes; and crimes against humanity.The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (or OKW), part of the command structure of the German armed forces during World War II. It served as the military general staff for Adolf Hitler's Third Reich, coordinating the efforts of the German Army (Heer), Navy (Kriegsmarine), and Air Force (Luftwaffe). In theory, the OKW was only Hitler's military office, was charged with translating Hitler's ideas into military orders, and had little real control over the Army, Navy and the Air Force High Commands. The OKW was headed for the entire war by Wilhelm Keitel and reported directly to Hitler, from whom most operational orders actually originated as he had made himself Oberster Befehlshaber der Wehrmacht (Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces). Alfred Jodl was Keitel's Chef des Wehrmachtführungsstabes (Chief of Operation Staff).Owing to restrictions imposed by the-saleroom the complete catalogue description can not be shown here. Please contact the auctioneers for further details.
EDWARD VI: (1537-1553) King of England & Ireland 1547-53. Son of King Henry VIII and Jane Seymour and England's first monarch to be raised as a Protestant. A good, rare D.S., Edward, as King, at the head, one page (vellum), oblong folio, Manor of St. James's, 24th May 1547. The manuscript document is a Warrant addressed to Richard Bonnye (or Bunny), Receiver of the Royal Rents and Revenues in the counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, the Bishopric of Durham and the Archdeaconry of Richmond, commanding him to annually deliver to Sir Thomas Grey, Treasurer of the town of Berwick, the sum of £3000 for payment of the fees and wages of the officers and soldiers of the town. Countersigned at the foot by Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset ('E: Somerset'; c.1500-1552, Lord Protector of England 1547-49 during the minority of his nephew, King Edward VI) and five other members of the Privy Council comprising John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford ('J Russell'; c.1485-1554/55, Lord Privy Seal 1542-55 and Lord High Steward, for the Coronation of King Edward VI, 1547) Sir Thomas Cheney ('T Cheyne'; c.1485-1558, English Administrator & Diplomat, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports in South East England 1536-58), Sir Anthony Denny ('A D….' a large part of the signature worn away, 1501-1549, Groom of the Stool, a confidant of King Henry VIII who attended the monarch on his death bed), Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel ('H. Arundell', 1512-1580, English Nobleman, Lord Chamberlain) and Sir Ralph Sadler ('R. Sadleyr', 1507-1587, English Statesman, Secretary of State 1540-43, Master of the Great Wardrobe 1543-53). With a large portion of the blind embossed paper seal of the Privy Council affixed. A small diamond shaped spindle hole appears in the upper left margin, not affecting the text or signatures, some light overall creasing and minor dust staining and with a few very small holes to the lower edge and the upper edge a little frayed. A small area of text to the right side of the document is a little rubbed and a few words are partially illegible, G A rare document signed by the nine-year old King Edward VI in the first year of his reign, four months after the death of King Henry VIII, and countersigned by his uncle, Edward Seymour, leader of the Regency Council. Sir Thomas Grey (c.1509-1570), the beneficiary of the present Warrant, served as Justice of the Peace for Northumberland 1547-54 and as Treasurer for Berwick-upon-Tweed 1547-50. The fall of Edward Seymour as Protector in 1550 cost Grey the treasurership of Berwick, which was transferred to Richard Bunny (c.1513-1584) to whom the present Warrant is addressed. Provenance: The present document was formerly contained in the collection of Sir Thomas Phillipps (1792-1872) English Antiquary and Book Collector who amassed the largest collection of manuscripts in the 19th century. The document was sold by Sotheby's on 27th June 1977 (lot 4865, MS 25912) and most likely derived from the collection formed by the antiquary John Wilson of Broomhead (1719-1783) which included a volume of Bunny's paper as receiver of the Northern Revenues. The third of the Tudor monarchs, King Edward VI's reign was marked by economic problems and social unrest that culminated in riot and rebellion in 1549. The transformation of the church into a recognisably Protestant body also occurred under Edward, the architect of the reforms being Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, whose Book of Common Prayer is still used. King Edward VI fell ill in February 1553 and died at the young age of 15.
CASEMENT ROGER: (1864-1916) Irish Patriot, Revolutionary and Nationalist, executed for treason. A.L.S., Roger Casement, three pages, folio, Lourenco Marques, Mozambique, 29th May 1897, to His Excellency the Governor of Mauritius. Casement writes in his capacity as a British Diplomat and Consul and announces, for the information of the next of kin, that the Director of the Civil and Military Hospital in Lourenco had deposited £6.11.10 with him, 'belonging to a native of Mauritius whom the hospital authorities styled "Luiz Oguis", who died… on the 4th…' Casement continues to state that, from other sources, he has been informed that 'a native of Mauritius named Louis Auguste, a mason by profession was admitted to the hospital some time ago suffering from a contagious disease.' In concluding he asks which authority in Mauritius should be sent the money. Some extensive, neat splitting to central fold (repaired), small tears to edges and light water staining, just affecting a few words of text but not the signature, G Casement worked in the Congo for Henry Morton Stanley and the African International Association from 1884 before joining the Colonial Service, under the authority of the Colonial Office, first serving overseas as a clerk in British West Africa before transferring to the Foreign Office service as British Consul in the eastern part of the French Congo. Casement has been described as the 'father of 20th century human rights investigations', in recognition of his Casement Report on the Congo (1905) in which he exposed the abuses of the enslavement, mutilation and torture of natives on the rubber plantations, and his important investigations of human rights abuses in Peru, which led to his knighthood in 1911. During World War I Casement sought the aid of the German military for the 1916 Easter Rising which sought to gain Irish independence from British rule. As a result he was arrested, convicted and executed for treason.
GEORGE III: (1738-1820) King of the United Kingdom 1760-1820. L.S., Georguis R, with holograph subscription ('Maj:tis V:ro Bonus Frater, Consanguineus et Amicus', in Latin), one page, folio, St. James's, 30th June 1772, to King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, in Latin. King George III acknowledges the receipt of his correspondent's communication announcing the news of the birth of a Princess whom the Queen, his spouse, with the help of divine providence, has brought into the world and continues to send his good wishes for the happiness of the newly born Princess and for the prosperity of the King's entire family. Countersigned at the foot by William Nassau de Zuylestein (1717-1781) 4th Earl of Rochford. British Courtier, Diplomat and Statesman, Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1770-75. With integral address leaf with a blind embossed paper seal affixed (small area of paper loss at the base of the page, caused by the original breaking of the seal). An attractive letter featuring an elegant example of King George III's signature. VG Ferdinand I (1751-1825) King of the Two Sicilies 1816-25, previously King Ferdinand IV of the Kingdom of Naples 1759-99, 1799-1806 & 1815-16 and King Ferdinand III of the Kingdom of Sicily 1759-1816. Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (1772-1807) Eldest Daughter of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife, Marie Caroline of Austria (1752-1814). The Princess was born on 6th June 1772 and later served as the last Holy Roman Empress (1792-1806) and the first Empress of Austria (1804-07). King George III's reign, longer than that of any British monarch before him, was marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms. Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of Britain's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence. Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
NAPOLEON I: (1769-1821) Emperor of France 1804- 14, 1815 LANNES JEAN (1769-1809) Marshal of France. Duc de Montebello. One of Napoleon's most daring and talented generals and a personal friend of the Emperor. BESSIERES JEAN-BAPTISTE (1768-1813) Marshal of France. Duc d´ Istria. CAFFARELLI DU FALGA MARIE-FRANCOIS AUGUSTE DE (1766-1849) French General who served as aide-de-camp to Napoleon and organised Pope Pius VII's trip to France for Napoleon's coronation as Emperor. A rare D.S. by Napoleon I ('Bonaparte'), Jean Lannes ('Lannes'), Jean-Baptiste Bessieres ('Bessieres'), Marie-Francois Auguste de Caffarelli du Falga ('A. Caffarelli') and a number of others, at the conclusion, six pages, folio, Paris, 20th October 1800, in French. The manuscript document is a marriage certificate issued for Leon Aune and Anne Clair, in the presence and agreement of Napoleon, and comprises ten clauses with references to the endowment provided by the parents of Anne Clair, and to the wedding contract. Signed by Leon Aune and Anne Clair at the conclusion, alongside the signature of Napoleon and the other witnesses at their marriage, and also with a number of annotations in the margins throughout the document, each initialled by both the bride and groom. An interesting combination of signatures with a good association. Neatly tied into the original paper wrappers with the title and date to the front cover. The edges of the paper a little ragged and with some light overall age wear, otherwise VG Leon Aune (1777-1803) French Military officer, labelled 'the second Grenadier of France' by Napoleon. Aune served as a Second Lieutenant in the Foot Grenadiers of the Consular Guard and received a sabre and musket of honour in March 1800 in recognition of his brilliant actions. Aune wrote to Napoleon to thank him for his weapons of honour and he was to receive a reply from Bonaparte stating 'I have received your letter, my brave comrade. You needed not to have told me of your exploits, for you are the bravest grenadier in the whole army, since the death of Benezete. You received one of the hundred sabres I distributed to the army, and all agreed you most deserved it. I wish very much to see you. The War Minister sends you an order to come to Paris'. This letter, circulated throughout Napoleon's army, would serve to have a tremendous effect on the enthusiasm and morale of the troops. Napoleon had Aune taught to write, so that he could be promoted, although was to tragically die at an early age from pneumonia. Napoleon signed a decree following Aune's death approving a pension of 500 Francs to Anne Clair, his widow. Napoleon Bonaparte, the French military and political leader, rose to prominence during the French Revolution and, as Napoleon I, served as Emperor of the French from 1804-14, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He was victorious in most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. One of the greatest commanders in history, Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has ensured his status as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in history.
LOUIS XVI: (1754-1793) King of France and Navarre 1774-1791, King of the French 1791-92. The only King of France to have been executed. D.S., Louis, as King, at the conclusion, two pages (vellum), folio, Versailles, May 1786, in French. The document is a Letters Patent addressed to the Bishop of St. Brieuc, authorising him to purchase, according to the King´s derogation, some properties which were pending the decisions of the Court, and which the Bishop claims he requires, stating '..the Bishop of St. Brieuc has explained in his request of 26th March 1785 that he has begun to re-build his Epicospal Palace which is in ruins, that he would need to have enough space to create a courtyard and a second lower courtyard with a sufficient extension because at the present date he does not have the sufficient space....and that he will not be able to obtain it unless he can acquire two houses..´ further explaining `according to all said, and having seen the sale contracts, the Council has approved and permits, and we sign the present document, authorising the Bishop of St. Brieuc to exercise the feudal revocation and to purchase the aforementioned properties.' With several countersignatures at the conclusion of the document, including those of Louis Charles Auguste le Tonnelier de Breteuil and Armand Thomas Hue de Miromesnil.Some overall age wear and dust staining and some small areas of paper loss (just affecting a few words of text) to the right edge and a neat, irregular tear to the lower left corner, not affecting the text or signatures, about G Hugues-François de Regnauld de Bellescize (1732-1796) French Clergyman, Bishop of the Catholic Church of St. Brieuc from 1774. Louis Charles Auguste le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1730-1807) French Aristocrat, Diplomat, Statesman & Politician. He was the last Prime Minister of the Bourbon Monarchy, appointed by King Louis XVI just one hundred hours before the storming of the Bastille. Armand Thomas Hue de Miromesnil (1723-1796) French Minister, Keeper of the Seals under King Louis XVI. King Louis XVI, the husband of Marie Antoinette, daughter of the Emperor and Empress of Austria, succeeded his grandfather, Louis XV, as King of France in 1774. French support of the colonists in the American War of Independence had brought the country to the verge of bankruptcy and the King initially supported attempts by his ministers to relieve France's financial problems. Meanwhile, accusations of frivolity, extravagance and scandalous behaviour against the Queen, Marie Antoinette, further discredited the monarchy. In 1789, to avert the deepening crisis, Louis agreed to summon the 'estates-general' (a form of parliament, but without real power) in order to try and raise taxes. This was the first time the body had met since 1614. Angered by Louis' refusal to allow the three estates - the first (clergy), second (nobles) and third (commons) - to meet simultaneously, the Third Estate proclaimed itself a national assembly, declaring that only it had the right to represent the nation. Rumours that the king intended to suppress the assembly provoked the popular storming of the Bastille prison, a symbol of repressive royal power, on 14 July 1789. In October, Louis and his family were forced by the mob to return to Paris from their palace at Versailles. In June 1791, they attempted to escape, which was considered proof of Louis' treasonable dealings with foreign powers. He was forced to accept a new constitution, thereby establishing a constitutional monarchy. Nonetheless, against a background of military defeat by Austria and Prussia, the revolutionary leadership was becoming increasingly radicalised. In September 1792, the new National Convention abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic. Louis was found guilty of treason and executed at the guillotine on 21 January 1793, bringing to an end more than a thousand years of continuous French monarchy. Marie Antoinette was executed nine months later.
[PHILIP & MARY]: [PHILIP II] (1527-1598) King of Spain 1556-98, King of Portugal 1581-98 & King of England and Ireland jure uxoris 1554-58 & [MARY I] (1516-1558) Queen of England 1553-58 & Queen consort of Spain 1556-58. A fine document issued in the names of Philip and Mary, one page (vellum), slim oblong folio, 1st March 1555, being an Exemplification of a Fine, boldly penned in Latin in an accomplished scribal hand (two letters with attractive strapwork) and confirming the sale from John Lindsell to Richard Weston of listed parcels of land (Bradlese [i.e. Bradley's] Mead and Wood etc.) in Roxwell, in the parish of Writtle, Essex. With the seal of the Court of Common Pleas affixed at the foot, the seal tag bearing a notarial mark. The brown wax seal (with a diameter of 5") is largely intact, although somewhat rubbed, and depicts Queen Mary seated on a throne and with two coats of arms to the recto and the Queen riding on horseback to the verso. Some staining, just affecting a few words of text, and some light age wear, otherwise a clean and attractive document. About VG Richard Weston (c.1510-1572) English Judge and Politician, Solicitor General 1557-59 and Justice of Common Pleas 1559-72. In January 1555 Weston purchased, for the sum of £280, the Manor of Skreens in the hamlet of Roxwell, which he made his principal residence; the purchase in the present document presumably being contingent upon this. Weston is buried in Writtle church. His grandson and namesake, the 1st Earl of Portland (1577-1634/35) served as Chancellor of the Exchequer and later Lord Treasurer under both King James I and King Charles I, and was one of the most influential figures in the early years of Charles I's Personal Rule. The other party to the transaction, John Lindsell (d.1558) was a local Clerk of Assize. An Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain was passed by the English Parliament in April 1554 and, in reality, served as a business contract between England and Spain, specifying what Spain could effect from the union, while at the same time giving assurances that England would not become a satellite of Spain. Under the terms of the marriage treaty, Philip was to enjoy his wife's titles and honours as King of England and Ireland for as long as their marriage should last. All official documents were to be dated with both their names (with Philip's preceding Mary's, as deemed proper for husband and wife, evident in the present example). Mary I, the only child of King Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon to survive to adulthood, ascended to the throne in 1553 upon the death of her younger half-brother King Edward VI who had succeeded their father in 1547. The fourth crowned monarch of the Tudor dynasty, Mary is remembered for her restoration of Roman Catholicism. In the five years of her reign over 280 religious dissenters were burned at the stake, the executions of the Protestants leading to her posthumous sobriquet 'Bloody Mary'.
MARLBOROUGH DUKE OF: (1650-1722) John Churchill. English Soldier and Statesman. Commander-in-Chief of the Forces 1690-91, 1702-08. D.S., Marlborough, one page, folio, Office of Ordnance [London], 1st February 1702/3. The manuscript document is addressed to the Right Honourable John Granville, Lieutenant General of Her Majesties Ordnance and is a warrant of approval for Alexander Fort Jnr. to be employed as a Joiner at The Ordnance. Countersigned at the foot by James Craggs (1657-1721) Secretary to the Master-General of the Ordnance. With blind embossed paper seal affixed. Some light overall discoloration and age wear, creasing and some small tears, only slightly affecting the text, but not the signature. With a portion of the lower right corner of the document neatly excised. Accompanied by a small selection of unsigned printed ephemera and vintage postcards relating to Marlborough. About G, 7Alexander Fort Jnr. Son of Alexander Fort who held high office as Master Joiner in the late 17th century and was one of the most noted of Sir Christopher Wren's group. At the time of the present document Marlborough was Master-General of the Ordnance, responsible for all British artillery, engineers, fortifications, military supplies, transport and field hospitals. Marlborough's career spanned the reigns of five monarchs, reaching the zenith of his powers and securing his fame and fortune upon the accession of Queen Anne in 1702, the present document being signed in the first year of her reign. Through his sheer force of personality Marlborough raised the standing of British arms to a level not known since the Middle Ages, his victories allowing Britain to rise from a minor to a major power, ensuring the country's growing prosperity throughout the 18th century.
WREN CHRISTOPHER: (1632-1723) English Architect. An attractive D.S., Chr. Wren, (twice), two pages, large folio, Chelsea, 15th October & 12th November 1700. The neatly and boldly penned document is a page (numbered 161 and 162 at the head of each side) removed from the official ledger of the Royal Hospital in Chelsea and is an 'Abstract of the Expense of Provisions' for the two months in which Wren, in his capacity as a Commissioner of the hospital, and two other commissioners, Viscount Ranelagh (Paymaster of the Forces) and Sir Stephen Fox (Commissioner of the Treasury) authorise Ralph Cooke, Treasurer of the hospital, to pay various sums to listed individuals in payment for their provisions, the total payable for September being £510.14s.6¾d and for October £459.14s.1¾d. Each of the tradespeople have individually signed the document as confirmation of having been paid, and include Charles Hudson, butcher (£159.12s.8d), Thomas Marston, baker (£63.19s.8d), John England, brewer (£72.18s.11d), Robert Madock, cheesemonger (£80.10s.7¼d), John Gill, whitster (£74.14s.3½d; a whitster supplying bleach for whitening clothes), Elizabeth Hastings, tallow-chandler (£6.14s.9¼d; a tallow-chandler supplying candles made from animal fats), Barthalina Fells, lamps (£6.16s.9d) and Henry Powell, steward (£45.6s.10d). Individually signed by Wren, Ranelagh and Fox to either side of the document. An interesting and very handsome document. Some extremely light, very minor age wear to the extreme edges, not affecting the text or signature, VG Richard Jones (1641-1712) 1st Earl of Ranelagh. Irish Peer & Politician. Paymaster of the Forces 1685-1702. Ranelagh was expelled from the House of Commons in 1703 when discrepancies were found in his accounts as Paymaster, and he was discovered to have appropriated more than £900,000 of public funds. Sir Stephen Fox (1627-1716) English Politician. Paymaster of the Forces 1661-76 and 1679-80. Fox founded the Royal Hospital Chelsea, from where the present document originates, to which he contributed £13,000. Unlike some other statesman of his day, Fox grew rich in the service of the nation without being suspected of corruption or forfeiting the esteem of his contemporaries. The Royal Hospital at Chelsea was founded by King Charles II in 1682 as a retreat for veterans and opened its doors to the Chelsea Pensioners a decade later (mismanagement by Ranelagh, a signatory to the present document had caused the delay). Wren was responsible for designing the hospital and the hospital's chapel is a fine and rare example of the architect's pure ecclesiastical work. Sir Christopher Wren is one of the most highly acclaimed English architects in history, responsible for rebuilding many churches in the City of London following the Great Fire in 1666, including his masterpiece, St. Paul's Cathedral, completed in 1710. Wren was also a noted astronomer, mathematician and physicist whose work was highly regarded by Isaac Newton. A founder of the Royal Society, Wren served as its President from 1680-82.
WARHOL ANDY: (1928-1987) American Pop Artist. A large folio printed edition of Interview magazine, entitled The Movies "A" to "Z", September 1985, Vol. XV, No.9, published by Warhol, the colour front cover featuring a close-up portrait of actor Sylvester Stallone as boxer Rocky Balboa. Signed ('Andy Warhol') by Warhol in bold black ink with his name alone to a clear area of the front cover. A few minor, small tears and stains to the edges of the covers and some very light overall age wear, not affecting the signature, otherwise VG Sylvester Stallone (1946- ) is perhaps most famous for his screen role as Rocky Balboa in a series of seven films made between 1976 and 2015. Rocky IV, the most financially successful film in the series, was released in 1985, the same year as the present magazine. Stallone and Warhol's paths crossed on several occasions, beginning in 1979 in New York. On each occasion Stallone recalls Warhol taking his portrait. Warhol was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as Pop Art. His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, celebrity culture and advertisement that flourished by the 1960s. His New York City studio, The Factory, was a well-known gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals, drag queens, playwrights, Bohemian street people, Hollywood celebrities and wealthy patrons. Warhol is credited with coining the widely-used expression '15 minutes of fame'.
GEORGE IV: (1762-1830) King of the United Kingdom 1820-30. A good D.S., George R, as King, at the head, four pages, folio, Court at Carlton House, 14th May 1824. The manuscript document is addressed to the Reverend George Gregory and William Ponsford and is a License allowing John Lambert Arden and his issue to take and use the surname of Gorwyn in addition to, and after that, of Arden and provides a lengthy explanation, stating, in part, 'Whereas George Gregory of Dunsford in the County of Devon, Clerk, and William Ponsford, of Puddicombe in the same County, Gentleman, for and on behalf of John Lambert Arden, of the Parish of Cheriton Bishop in the County aforesaid, Gentleman, a minor of the age of twenty years and upwards, the fourth and youngest son of George Arden, late of the City of Exeter, Mercer, deceased, by Joan his wife, one of the sisters of John Lambert Gorwyn, late of Cheriton Bishop….also deceased, have by their Petition humbly represented us, that the said John Lambert Gorwyn, the late material uncle of the said John Lambert Arden, in and by his last Will….gave and devised his messauges….in the said Will, there is contained a Proviso and Direction that when and as soon as the said John Lambert Arden should become seized or entitled to the actual Possession of the said Estate….he shall use, assume and take upon him and afterwards continue the surname of Gorwyn only instead of his then surname or by adding the same thereto….' Countersigned at the conclusion by Robert Peel (1788-1850) British Prime Minister 1834-35, 1841-46 and Home Secretary 1822-27 & 1828-30. With blind embossed paper seal affixed. A good document featuring fine examples of the signatures of King George IV and Robert Peel. VG Robert Peel twice served as the United Kingdom's Prime Minister (1834-35, 1841-46) and twice as Home Secretary (1822-27, 1828-30) and is regarded as one of the founders of the modern Conservative Party and the father of modern British policing. His establishment of the Metropolitan Police Force for London in 1829 led to a new type of officer known in tribute to him as 'bobbies', a term still used today. King George IV had served as Prince Regent during the final years of his father, King George III's, illness and acceded to the throne in 1820. The King led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era. He was a patron of new forms of leisure, style and taste and commissioned the building of the Royal Pavilion in Brighton, the remodelling of Buckingham Palace and the rebuilding of Windsor Castle. His charm and culture earned him the title of 'the first gentleman of England', however his way of life brought contempt from his public, many of whom found his behaviour selfish, unreliable and irresponsible.
HENRY VIII: (1491-1547) King of England 1509-47. A fine D.S., Henry R, (a good, bold example) as King, at the head, one page (vellum), oblong folio, Westminster, 30th October 1533. The manuscript warrant is addressed to Baron Windsor, Keeper of the Great Wardrobe, and orders him to deliver clothing to John Berwick, Richard Bolton, William Hammond and Thomas Maxson, the 'children of our lease' [leash], each to receive 'oon Dublet of chamlet…any dublet….lyned with fustyan and Canvas….three shyrthendy shyrte….made with draught worke….a gowne of fowre brode yardes of woollen cloth….to bee finred with yrisshe lambe….thre peyre of hosen….fowre peyre of doble soled shoes (or eight peyres of single-soled)…oon hatte…five brace of colers, fowre cheynes of the best…[and]…thre leases'. With a blind embossed paper signet seal at the foot. A very small printed identification slip is neatly affixed at the base. Some extremely minor overall creasing and very light dust staining and two very slight traces of former mounting to the verso, otherwise a clean and attractive document overall, about VG Andrews Windsor (1467-1543) English Nobleman, Keeper of the Great Wardrobe from 1504 until his death. King Henry VIII's household was the home for many animals and pets (he kept ferrets, his first wife Catherine of Aragon owned a monkey; canaries and nightingales could be found in ornamental birdcages hanging in the windows at Hampton Court) however it was his dogs, particularly beagles, spaniels and greyhounds, that the King considered his favourites. As illustrated by the present document, the monarch's dogs were adorned with decorative collars of velvet (permitted only to Royal dogs) and the Royal leash boys were equally handsomely attired. King Henry VIII regularly sent dogs (all garnished with a good iron collar) as gifts to foreign leaders. It has been recorded that some sixty-five dog leashes were found in the King's closet upon his death. Henry VIII was the second monarch of the Tudor dynasty and has been described as 'one of the most charismatic rulers to sit on the English throne'. The monarch notably initiated the English Reformation, thereby greatly expanding royal power, and the scale and complexities of his legacy are such that, in their work Henry VIII in History (2012) Betteridge and Freeman state 'throughout the centuries [since his death] Henry has been praised and reviled, but he has never been ignored'. Provenance: Formerly part of the Enys Collection of Autographs and Manuscripts.
NICHOLAS I: (1796-1855) Emperor of Russia 1825-55. D.S., Nikolai, as Emperor, in Cyrillic, one page, folio, St. Petersburg, 2nd January 1832, in Cyrillic. The elegantly penned manuscript document is a decree addressed to the Chapter of the Orders of Russia and appoints Van Lennep, the Dutch Consul-General at Smyrna, to be a 'Knight of the Order of St. Anne 2nd Class, decorated with the Imperial Crown' and commands the Chapter to deliver to him the insignia of the Order with the prescribed certificate. Countersigned at the foot by Karl Nesselrode (1780-1862, Russian Foreign Minister 1814-56) as Vice Chancellor, 4th January 1832. About EX Jacob Van Lennep (1769-1855) Turkish Merchant who served as Consul-General of the Netherlands at Smyrna. Emperor Nicholas I also reigned as King of Poland (1825-30, 1831-55) and Grand Duke of Finland (1825-55) and is remembered as political conservative whose reign was marked by geographical expansion, repression of dissent and frequent wars that culminated in Russia's disastrous defeat in the Crimean War (1853-56). On the eve of the Emperor's death the Russian Empire reached its geographical zenith.
CHARLES V: (1500-1558) Holy Roman Emperor 1519-56, and King Charles I of Spain 1516-56. L.S., Yo el Rey, one page, folio, Burgos, 16th July 1524, to the Councillor of the Royal House, in old Castilian. Writing in his capacity as King of Spain, King Charles I states `I hereby instruct you to register in the Royal House books and apply the corresponding food rations to Juan de Quirós, as the newly appointed young server in charge of the whippets.´ further adding that de Quiros will replace 'our master Martin from Mallorca, after his death, who was long since in charge of our whippets, and this with his same salaries, robes and food rations....for two whippets.´ Some very light, extremely minor age wear, VG In 1524, in the same year as the present letter was signed, the Peasants Revolt broke out in Germany, and was to last for a further two years. At the end of April 1524 Emperor Charles V and King Henry VIII formed a new league to support the Duke of Bourbon in a fresh attack on France and in July 1524 the Emperor prohibited the holding of the proposed German synod at Spires. Grandson of the Catholic Kings, Ferdinand & Isabella, Charles V was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire (for 37 years) and the Spanish Empire ( for 40 years). Through inheritance he brought together such extensive territories in western, central and southern Europe, and the Spanish colonies in America and Asia. So large were his domains that they were described as 'the empire on which the sun never sets'
ADAMS MARCUS: (1875-1959) British Society Photographer, noted for his portraits of children. An interesting archive of letters, personal papers, original photographs and drawings etc., previously belonging to Adams, featuring correspondence between Adams and his sitters, most notably the young Princess Elizabeth, the future Queen Elizabeth II, and quite possibly including the earliest signature of the monarch (aged 3 years) to have ever appeared at auction. The archive includes – (i) An extremely early, bold pencil signature (‘Elizabeth’) by Princess Elizabeth, at just 3 years of age and most likely executed with the assistance of her nurse, Clara Knight (1879-1946), known as ‘Allah’ within the Royal household, at the foot of an A.L.S. C Knight, by Knight, one page, 8vo, Piccadilly, 18th December 1929, to Marcus Adams, announcing ‘Your beautiful holly has made us look like Xmas already! The Princess says I am to say “Thank you very much for your lovely holly”. I don’t think I have ever seen such wonderful berries’.(ii) A remarkable and charming series of three folio sheets of paper removed from Marcus Adams’ sketchbook and featuring a series of bold pencil sketches and doodles accomplished by the three year old Princess Elizabeth, with the assistance of the photographer, the first image is open to interpretation and depicts the head and neck of what could either be described as a somewhat fierce looking animal with cat like features, or a human with a rather angry stare, annotated by Adams ‘Drawn by Marcus Adams July 31st 1929 with the aid of Princess Lillybet (sic) in the children’s studio, London’, the outline of the drawing, including the ears, most likely in the hand of the Princess and the facial features, in particular the eyes, most likely in the hand of Adams. A long arched line appears above the drawing, again annotated by Adams, ‘This line was drawn by Princess Lillybet (sic) July 31st 1929’, the page also featuring the surname ‘Adams’ written in capital letters, evidently by the photographer himself. The second page features a pencil list in the hand of Adams (including ‘Bulbs, Seeds, Roses, Sweetpeas’ and other garden and household items) over which appear a series of drawings of animal heads, most resembling cats, again evidently drawn principally by Adams in an attempt to teach the young Princess how to draw, but also with some less well accomplished drawings of animal heads, undoubtedly the efforts of the Princess. The third page features a pencil drawing by Adams of a large country house and gardens, with a sole figure walking across the lawn and with a large tree in the foreground, the page featuring a series of somewhat random and bolder pencil lines, scribbles and circles etc., obviously the work of the young Princess. The name Lilybet appears at the base of the page, in the hand of Adams, and is heavily crossed through in pencil, presumably by the Princess.(iii) A rare, early A.L.S., Elizabeth, one page, 8vo, Piccadilly, 18th December 1933, to Marcus Adams (‘Dear Mr. Adams’), stating, in full, ‘Ever so many thanks for the lovely holly you sent me today, and the Xmas cards. Wishing you a very happy xmas, from Elizabeth’. Accompanied by the original envelope hand addressed by the Princess. Some light overall staining and soiling, slightly affecting the text and signature.(iv) A fascinating autograph manuscript signed (‘Marcus Adams’) by Adams entitled ‘Notes’ on my contacts with the Royal Family from 1928 to present day, nine pages, 4to, n.p., 1958, stating, in part, ‘…the curtain is completely raised to reveal the understanding of prophecy. The world will be awakened to realise the importance of this age and how vital the birth of Princess Elizabeth is in the fulfilment of things come…For this reason I appreciate… and feel highly honoured to have had the opportunity of making exclusive portrait records of the early life of this important personality……I have produced a series of portraits that convey the dignity of Royalty combined with a standard that justify my efforts, they are not just mere snapshots taken in a careless and casual fashion that may be news today and forgotten soon after… but never reach the standard of dignity that the Royal family deserve…Events can be recalled at the time of the Coronation of King George, when in one day over 200 called at the studio for press copies… to say nothing for the telephone calls… It was estimated that one particular group was produced… to some thousand million imprints. Besides the actual press there was always a constant request for right to reproduce… on mugs, jigsaw puzzles, handkerchiefs… babies rattles, almanacs, these all had be considered on their own merits, if any doubt was involved it was always referred to the Controllers of the Palace …I well remember on one occasion at Windsor the leading cable got so warmed up it showed signs of burning…I recall an incident that happened during the sitting my assistant whispered to me that the focussing screen had smashed. I met the circumstance calmly by taking two stamps from my wallet and sticking it together. The King who was always alert, remarked What’s the trouble Adams, Oh only the screen is broken and I am mending the bits with two of your fathers portraits, they acted in a perfect fashion and we can proceed with all speed….I was working with the late Queen Mary and Princess Elizabeth, she was in a great hurry, so I lost no time… After I had finished my part Her Majesty turned to Mr. [Bertram] Park and said, As Marcus Adams has been so quick I can spare you time to make some pictures of me, which dress would you like best… Thus Mr. Parks made some interesting studies, whilst I acted as his assistant. She [Elizabeth] was a child and I treated her as a child… a sitting would last about an hour. During one sitting complete with baby Margaret and the parents: my son tells me I exposed about 300 plates, it was probably the most difficult task I had encountered…’ Stapled within stiff card wrappers bearing the ink title and signature of Adams to the front cover.(v) A.L.S., Marcus Adams “Gollywog”, one page, 4to, Swallowfield, Berkshire, Christmas 1931, to ‘H.R. Princess Elizabeth’, stating, in full, ‘A sprig of Holly and a big wish for a very Happy jolly & Bright Xmas from the Hills of Oxfordshire and the sender’.(vi) A collection of ten folio pages removed from a scrapbook belonging to Adams and with various A.Ls.S., T.Ls.S., autograph notes, a few pencil drawings, some original photographs by Adams, Bertram Park and Howard Coster (some loose and most neatly laid down to pages) etc., all relating to the photographer’s work with the British Royal family and others, 1929-34,(vii) A collection of correspondence comprising around 60 A.Ls.S., T.Ls.S., a few telegrams etc., from various individuals, most ladies-in-waiting to various members of the British Royal family but also including some other notable individuals, all to Marcus Adams or his son Gilbert Adams, late 1920s-1990, most on the subject of photographs, thanking Adams for prints or arranging appointments etc.,An exceptional archive of material containing several extremely rare examples of the autograph of the young Queen Elizabeth II in various forms. Some age wear, generally G to VG, Qty. Owing to restrictions imposed by the-saleroom the complete catalogue description can not be shown here. Please contact the auctioneers for further details.
FOX CHARLES JAMES: (1749-1806) British Statesman. L.S., C. J. Fox, one page, folio, St. James's, 29th March 1782, to Sir William Hamilton, marked 'No.1' to the upper left corner. Fox informs his correspondent that, following the resignation of Viscount Stormont, King George III has 'been pleased to appoint me to be one of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State' and, as such, 'make a new arrangement in the Departments by conferring that for Domestick Affairs and the Colonies on the Earl of Shelburne, and entrusting me with the sole Direction of the Department for Foreign Affairs'. Fox adds that in the future Hamilton should address his letters to him, and that 'I shall not fail to lay regularly before the King' those letters 'and to transmit to you such orders and instructions as His Majesty shall think proper to give for your Guidance and Direction'. With blank integral leaf. Some very light, extremely minor dust staining and age wear, VGSir William Hamilton (1730-1803) Scottish Diplomat who served as British Ambassador to the Kingdom of Naples from 1764-1800. Hamilton's second wife was Emma Hamilton, the mistress of Horatio Nelson.As the present letter confirms, Fox was appointed as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs two days earlier on 27th March 1782. He served in the post until 5th July of the same year and was later reappointed from April-December 1783 and February-September 1806.Great Britain's Prime Minister, Lord North, resigned in March 1782 as a result of the strains of office and the disastrous American war, and was replaced by the new ministry of the Marquess of Rockingham, under whose administration Fox was first appointed as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Rockingham died unexpectedly on 1st July 1782 and Fox refused to serve in the successor administration of the Earl of Shelburne. The ensuing political turmoil culminated in the Fox-North Coalition which came to power on 2nd April 1783, representing the first occasion when King George III had been allowed no role in determining who should hold government office. Charles James Fox, the arch-rival of William Pitt the Younger, rose to prominence in the House of Commons as a forceful and eloquent speaker with a notorious and colourful private life. In a parliamentary career spanning almost forty years Fox's opinions evolved into some of the most radical ever to be aired in the Parliament of his era.
ELIZABETH PETROVNA: (1709-1762) Empress of Russia 1741-62. D.S., Elisavet, as Tsesarevna, in Cyrillic, one page, folio, St. Petersburg, 14th November 1737, in Cyrillic. The boldly penned manuscript document is a decree stating 'On this date there has been transferred from our patrimonial office to Our room the sum of 200 roubles: of which you are to take account'. Annotated at the foot in another hand with instructions to record the transaction and to 'inform the expenditure department of Her Highness' decree'. Some extremely minor, very light age wear at the edges of the document, VG The daughter of Peter the Great, Empress Elizabeth led her country into the two major European conflicts of her reign, the War of Austrian Succession (1740-48) and the Seven Years' War (1756-63) but is also recognised for the exorbitant sums of money she spent on the grandiose baroque projects of her favourite architect, Bartolomeo Rastrelli, particularly in Peterhof and Tsarskoye Selo, and the Winter Palace and the Smolny Cathedral in Saint Petersburg are among the chief monuments of her reign. Elizabeth remains one of the most popular Russian monarchs due to her strong opposition to Prussian policies and her decision not to execute a single person during her reign.
PHILIP V: (1683-1746) King of Spain 1700-24 & 1724-46. A fine L.S., Yo el Rey, with three lines of holograph text at the conclusion, two pages, folio, El Buen Retiro Palace, Madrid, 25th April 1705, to Marquis Jacques de Puységur, in Spanish.King Philip V states `I have received your letter reporting the positive news regarding the location of most of the enemy´s troops, and that they were ready to start military operations close to Badajoz. Because the Marquis was without enough troops to resist or defend an invasion, I decided to send an extraordinary envoy to Maréchal de Tessé, instructing him, notwithstanding the King, my grandfather, orders for him to march straight to Extremadura where, according to these days reports, their presence is more necessary´ further adding `I specifically order that as soon as you receive this letter, you march to Extremadura with all the French troops located in the Old-Castile….and you will only leave to defend Castile all the infantry and cavalry Spanish troops.´ He concludes `I expect your zeal, and knowing that you are dealing with an affair which the King and I consider of the utmost interest, you will not delay a single instant in the prompt accomplishment of all orders instructed, and that you will report back on all you achieved´. Beneath his signature the King has added a further, severe instruction in his own hand, `The situation is too much under pressure, it´s not the time for you to have fun playing roles: therefore I want that you obey me absolutely and with no delay´. A letter of good content.With integral address leaf, bearing the remnants of a seal. VG Jacques François de Chastenet de Puységur (1656-1743) Marquis de Puységur. French Lieutenant Général and military tutor of King Louis XV. Appointed Marshal of France in 1734. René Mans IV de Froullay (1681-1746) Marquis of Lavardin and Tessé, Grandee of Spain. Appointed Marshal in 1707. Louis XIV (1638-1715) King of France 1643-1715. The longest reigning monarch in European history. Grandfather of King Philip V. The Spanish city of Badajoz, in Extremadura, was besieged in October 1705 during the War of the Spanish Succession 1701-15. Triggered by the death of the childless King Charles II of Spain, the major European conflict was to determine who should be the next King of Spain and whether a Bourbon or a Habsburg would take control of Spain's very extensive possessions. It was well known that the union of France and Spain under one monarch would upset the balance of power in Europe, such that other European powers would take steps to prevent it. The War concluded with the Treaty of Utrecht which forbade any future possibility of unifying the French and Spanish thrones. Philip V, Duke of Anjou, was born at the Palace of Versailles and was the Heir apparent to the throne of France. The grandson of King Louis XIV, Philip was the first member of the House of Bourbon to rule as King of Spain. The sum of his two reigns is the longest in modern Spanish history.
EDWARD VIII: (1894-1972) King of the United Kingdom January - December 1936. Later Duke of Windsor.A rare D.S., Edward RI Col in Chief, as King and Colonel-in-Chief, at the head, one page, oblong folio, Court at Saint James's, 11th August 1936. The partially printed document is a military commission appointing Arthur Dare Heskett to be a Second Lieutenant in the Land Forces, Royal Regiment of Artillery. Countersigned at the foot by Harry Knox (1873-1971) British General, Adjutant-General to the Forces 1935-37. His signature is faded and barely legible. With blind embossed pale blue paper seal affixed. Documents signed by King Edward VIII during his brief reign as King are rare and desirable. With a heavy vertical fold at the centre and a light brown smudge mark close to, but not affecting, the King's signature. About VG Arthur Dare Heskett (b.1916) British Army Officer who rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.King Edward VIII became King on the death of his father, King George V, in early 1936. However, he demonstrated impatience with court protocol and caused concern among politicians by his apparent disregard for established constitutional conventions. Only months into his reign he caused a constitutional crisis by proposing marriage to the American divorcee Wallis Simpson. The Prime Minister and other political leaders opposed the marriage arguing that a divorced woman with two living ex-husbands was both politically and socially unacceptable as a Queen Consort. Furthermore, the marriage would have conflicted with King Edward's status at the titular head of the Church of England. When it became apparent that he could not marry Wallis and remain on the throne, King Edward VIII abdicated, becoming the only British sovereign to voluntarily do so. He was succeeded by his younger brother, King George VI, and with a reign of just 326 days, King Edward VIII was one of the shortest-reigning monarchs in British history.
RICHELIEU CARDINAL DE: (1585-1642) Armand Jean du Plessis. French Clergyman and Statesman, Chief Minister of King Louis XIII 1624-42. A fine D.S., Le Card de Richelieu, one page (vellum), slim oblong folio, Garonne(?), 2nd April 1636, in old French. The attractively penned manuscript document appoints Baron D´allemagne to be Chief Commander of the Squadron of Provence, Naval Army of the West, and states, in part, `His Majesty having instructed to put at our disposal His very powerful naval army, including numerous war vessels and those of His subjects to fight against his enemies, we have judged that it was most important in order to serve His Majesty that the appointment of the Head Commander of the Provence squadron would be granted to an individual with long experience and whose proven capacity and bravery would be known to us.....We have therefore, by His Majesty orders and power, granted instructions to bestow upon you the honour, authority and privileges for such duty, instructing, ordering and signing the present document with the seal of our coat of arms...´ Signed at the foot by Cardinal Richelieu in his capacity as Naval Superintendent of the Navigation and Commerce of France. With Richelieu's (largely intact) red wax seal affixed by the original pendent strip. The seal, as mentioned, bears Richelieu's coat of arms and features a good impression of the three chevrons de gueules. A small area to the lower left corner of the document has been neatly clipped, not affecting the text or signatures, otherwise VG Baron Jean Louis D´allemagne had previously served as a General under the Duke of Savoy and returned to Provence and to the French Royal Court in 1635 at which time Cardinal de Richelieu appointed him Naval Commander of the Fleet, created specifically for the Lerins Islands conflict. Richelieu was consecrated as a Bishop in 1607 and appointed Foreign Secretary in 1616, soon rising in both the Catholic Church and French Government, becoming a Cardinal in 1622. He served as King Louis XIII's Chief Minister from 1624, remaining in office until his death in 1642. Ricelieu's tenure oversaw a crucial period of reform for France and his policies of consolidating royal power, crushing domestic factions and restraining the power of the nobility led to the transformation of France into a strong, centralised state. Notable for his authoritarian measures employed to maintain power, Richelieu censored the press, established a large network of internal spies and forbade the discussion of political matters in public assemblies; those who dared to conspire against him were prosecuted and executed. His legacy is also important for the world at large; his ideas of a strong nation-state and aggressive foreign policy helped create the modern system of international politics. The notions of national sovereignty and international law can be traced, at least in part, to Richelieu's policies and theories. The Cardinal is one of the leading characters in Alexandre Dumas' masterpiece The Three Musketeers, in which he is portrayed as a self-serving and ruthless de facto ruler of France.
DETMOLD Edward J. illustrations, The Fables of Aesop, London 1909, folio, cream buckram, 1st edition limited to 750 numbered and signed copies, 25 colour plates (1) Condition Report / Extra Information Name front free endpaper.Signs that something has been sellotaped to paste down endpapers and then removed, taking surface of the plain paper.Otherwise very good, clean and sound copy.
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