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**A POLISH HUSSAR`S ARMOUR WITH APPLIED BRASS ORNAMENT, SECOND HALF OF THE 17TH CENTURY WITH ADDITIONS AND EMBELLISHMENT OF THE 18TH OR 19TH CENTURIES comprising two-piece hemispherical skull joined medially by rivets and decorated with four trios of incised lines radiating from a central finial with washer of iron and brass, fitted at its rear with a later neck-guard of four lames, at each side with a later pendent scutiform cheek-piece pierced at its centre with a heart, and at its front with a flat obtusely-pointed peak flanged downwards at its front edge and pierced at its centre rear with a rectangular slot to receive a broad sliding nasal-bar (restored) expanding at its lower end to a foliate finial and secured at the brow by a modern staple and screw, pair of later pauldrons each formed of seven lames of which the lowest five protect only the outside of the arm and extend downwards to just above the elbow, and breastplate and backplate of great weight with outward-flanged neck and arm-openings, each formed of a main plate covering the thorax and three upward-overlapping waist-lames covering the abdomen, the breastplate medially-ridged, the backplate slightly hollowed between the shoulder-blades and the two elements merely butting against one another at the sides, the armour decorated throughout with scalloped brass borders ornamented with punched circles and involving at the right and left of the chest respectively an applied cross paté and a circular medallion cast and chased in low relief with a figure of the Virgin, and elsewhere with bosses and rosettes of the same material, the subsidiary edges of the pauldrons decorated with scalloping, and those of the cuirass with two rows of punched circles separated by punched diagonal lines Provenance William Ockelford Oldman, London, 4 January 1929, his no. 19, £25 JWHA Inv. No. 568 For discussions of this type of armour see A. Nadolski, `Ancient Polish Arms and Armour, Part II`, Journal of the Arms and Armour Society, Vol. IV, no. 9, March 1964, pp. 170-86; and Zdzislaw Zygulski Jr, `The Winged Hussars of Poland`, Arms and Armor Annual, Vol. I, Chicago, 1973, pp. 90-103. While incorporating original elements of the 17th century, all appear subsequently to have been added to and decorated, probably for ceremonial use in the 18th or 19th centuries. In the case of the present armour its helmet and cuirass are of the 17th century but its pauldrons, neck-guard, cheek-pieces and decoration are later.

**A COMPOSITE CAP-A-PIE TOURNAMENT ARMOUR WITH LATER ETCHED AND GILT DECORATION, ITALIAN AND GERMAN, EARLY TO LATE 16TH CENTURY WITH 19TH CENTURY ADDITIONS comprising close helmet with rounded one-piece skull rising at its apex to a prominent point from which radiate, alternately, four panels of scales and four ridges, visor and decorative `wings` attached to the skull at each side by common pivots with pierced and chased brass washers, the visor embossed in high relief as a grotesque mask, its eyebrows pierced with vision-slits, and the wings embossed in each case with radiating ribs separating pierced decoration, and a pair of cheek-pieces hinged to the skull at each side and fastened to one another at the chin by a turning-pin and keyhole-slot, the right cheek-piece fitted with a swivel-hook to secure the visor, and the skull and cheek-pieces each formed with internally hollowed rims designed to lock over and rotate on the turned upper edge of the collar, the latter formed of three lames front and rear, breastplate formed of a heavy rounded main plate with a shallow neck-opening, fixed gussets at the arm-openings, sturdy hasps at the shoulders and sides for the attachment of a backplate, a folding-lance-rest , several large holes, some with threaded inserts, for the attachment of an earlier lance-rest and tournament reinforces, its lower edge fitted with a shallow waist-lame to receive a fauld of three lames with applied turns at their outer edges, the centre of the lower edge of the third cut with a shallow arch separating a pair of long, tapering, pendent one-piece tassets decorated with slightly diverging flutes, backplate formed of a main plate with nearly straight upper edge, a pair of fixed side-plates (each patched), and a deep waist-lame flanged outwards at it lower edge to receive a culet of one lame, two large near-symmetrical pauldrons each formed of seven lames of which the lowest four extend inwards only to the armpit, two fully articulated tubular vambraces each surmounted by a turner and furnished with a winged bracelet couter of three lames, the central one in each case of bracelet construction and originally forming part of a three-piece vambrace, the front of the left one fitted with a turning-pin to attach a pasguard shaped to the elbow and the underlying wing of the couter, two gauntlets (the right holed and repaired at several points) each formed of a long flared and pointed cuff with a short hinged inner plate, six metacarpal-plates, a shaped knuckle-plate and the main plate of a laterally-hinged thumb-defence, pair of cuisses each formed of a long gutter-shaped main plate fitted at its convex upper end with a short extension lame and at its lower end with a winged poleyn of four lames (the main plate in each case patched at the point of the knee), and a pair of greaves each of full-length tubular form cut at the rear with a slit to receive a spur and fitted at the front with an integral broad-toed sabaton of nine lames, each decorated on its upper surface with a spray of flutes of shallow V-shaped section, the main edges of the armour decorated with roped inward turns except at the neck-opening and gussets of the breastplate which have plain angular outward turns, the borders of the armour etched and gilt on a stippled and blackened ground with running foliage, and the remainder of the surface etched and gilt overall on a similar ground with a diaper pattern of lozenges enclosing fleurs-de-lis, except on the mask of the visor which is gilt but devoid of etching (the helmet, waist-lame of the breastplate, tassets, culet, lower cannons of the vambraces and legharness restored) See note at front of catalogue for information concerning stands Provenance The Prussian Royal Collections (probably those formed by Prince Carl of Prussia) Duque del Infantado, Vineulas Castle, Madrid, Spain, 1924 - May 1931 JWHA Inv. No. 1646 Literature Hans Schedelmann, `Der Waffensammler`, Waffen- und Kostümkunde, 3rd series, vol. 6, 1964, p. 55, fig. 15. The breastplate represents a rare early 16th century Italian form for use in the jousts. The helmet is closely comparable with examples in the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, Inv. No. IV. 33, (Dufty & Reid 1968, pl. XCII), and the Musée de l`Armée, Paris, inv. no. H.123 (Reverseau 1982, pp. 14 & 77, fig. 1 & 20)

**A GERMAN CAP-A PIE FIELD ARMOUR FOR A CHILD IN THE SOUTH GERMAN STYLE OF THE 16TH CENTURY STYLE, POSSIBLY MUNICH, 19TH CENTURY comprising close helmet with rounded one-piece skull rising to a low roped medial comb and fitted at the nape with a brass plume-holder, visor, upper bevor and lower bevor attached to the skull by common cinquefoil pivots, the visor sloping forward to a stepped and centrally divided vision-slit and fitted at its right with a lifting-peg, the near-upright upper bevor pierced at its left with small circular ventilation-holes and at its right with diagonal ventilation-slots, the upper and lower bevor`s each secured by spring-catches, and two gorget plates front and rear, collar of four lames front and rear, the lowest in each case deeper than the rest, breastplate formed of main plate of deep `peascod` fashion fitted at its arm-openings with moveable gussets and flanged outwards at its lower edge to receive a fauld of three lames and an integral pair of tassets each of five lames the lowest of which is deeper than the rest and descends to a convex edge, backplate formed of a main plate with nearly straight upper edge struck with the quality-control mark of the city of Nuremberg and fitted at its lower edge with a waist-lame flanged outwards at its lower edge to receive a culet of three lames, pair of large symmetrical pauldrons each formed of seven lames of which the lowest four extend inwards only as far as the armpit and are connected in each case by a turner to a fully articulated tubular vambrace with a winged bracelet couter of three lames, pair of gauntlets each formed of a short, flaring, straight-ended cuff fitted at its inside with a fixed separate plate, four metacarpal-plates, a knuckle-plate decorated with a roped transverse rib, four scaled finger-defences and a matching laterally-hinged thumb-defence, pair of cuisses each formed of a long gutter-shaped main plate fitted at its convex upper edge with a short extension-lame and at its lower edge with a winged poleyn of four lames, and a pair of greaves each of full-length tubular form fitted at the rear with a separate heel-plate and at the front with an integral broad-toed sabaton of nine lames, the main edges of the armour decorated with boldly roped inward turns accompanied by recessed borders, the `strands` of the roping separated by pairs of incised lines, its secondary edges decorated with scallops each punched with a single dot and enclose to the inside by single incised line, and the waist of the breastplate and backplate each decorated with incised cabling 124.5 cm; 49 in high See note at front of catalogue for information concerning stands Provenance William Randolph Hearst, St Donat`s Castle, Glamorganshire, Wales Black, Starr and Gorham Inc., New York, 9 December 1959 JWHA Inv. No. 3159 Exhibited Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, 18 March - 16 September 1963 `Road Warriors: Knight Riders`, Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach, Florida, 24 June - 4 September 2000 The present lot forms part of a group of complete armours and close helmets, often of a size intended for wear by a boy, made in Munich in the late 19th century (see for example Thomas Del Mar Ltd, 20 March 2013, lot 305). The armour offered here was was refurbished for William Randolph Hearst by his armourer Raymond Bartel whose mark, a helm over the initials RB is applied to a brass plate fitted within the right pauldron

**A NORTH ITALIAN CLOSE HELMET OF SO-CALLED `SAVOYARD` TYPE, EARLY 17TH CENTURY with rounded one-piece skull rising to a file-roped medial ridge enclosed to either side by an incised line, each side of the face-opening formed over the ear with a low semi-circular boss pierced with five circular auditory holes, peak and bevor attached to the skull by common pivots fitted beneath their round heads with large rosette-washers, the rounded peak fitted within its brow with a later U-shaped face-defence pierced with almond-shaped eye-openings, and embossed in low relief with a nose and moustachioed upper lip, the bevor secured to the skull at the right of the neck by a swivel-hook and stud, and a single short rounded gorget-plate front and rear, the main edges of the helmet formed with file-roped inward turns accompanied in the case of the gorget-plates by single incised lines, repeated at the subsidiary edges 31 cm; 12 in high Provenance Hurcomb Sale, London, 28 October 1928 Cyril Andrade Ltd, London, 16 May 1930, no. 431 JWHA Inv. No. 1142

**A NORTH EUROPEAN CUIRASSIER`S CLOSE HELMET, PROBABLY DUTCH OR ENGLISH, EARLY 17TH CENTURY with two-piece skull joined along the crest of moderately high medial comb, pierced at several points with transverse holes perhaps for lacing up a plume, visor, upper bevor and lower bevor attached to the skull by common domed pivots, the restored visor sloping forward to a stepped, centrally-divided vision-slit, and the restored upper bevor of blunt prow-shaped form pierced at each side with nine circular ventilation-holes in rosette-formation, and a single deep gorget-plate front and rear (the former patched at its left end and the latter pierced at its centre with a later sub-rectangular hole, probably for mounting-purposes), their lower edges formed with plain inward turns accompanied by recessed borders, and the subsidiary edges of the helmet decorated with single incised lines 40 cm; 15 3/4 in high Provenance The armoury of the Earls of Pembroke, Wilton House, Wiltshire, sold Sotheby`s, London, 23 June 1921 and 14 June 1923 Henry Furmage, London, 7 August 1930 JWHA Inv. No. 1230

**A COMPOSITE NORTH EUROPEAN CUIRASSIER`S CLOSE HELMET, POSSIBLY ENGLISH, EARLY 17TH CENTURY, LATER ADAPTED TO FUNERARY USE with two-piece skull joined along the crest of a moderately high medial comb, visor, upper bevor and lower bevor attached to it by common domed pivots (replaced), the visor sloping forward to a stepped pair of vision-slits, each of the latter with a partial turn at its upper edge accompanied by a recessed border and incised line, the blunt, slightly concave prow-shaped upper bevor pierced at each side with nine circular ventilation-holes in rosette-formation, and the bevor fitted at each side with separate pivoting-arm attached by rivets and formed in two halves joined medially by rivets, and deep gorget-plate front and rear, the front one, originally forming part of a pikeman`s collar, descending to an acute point marked with the initial N, and the rear one decorated at its centre with fifteen round-headed rivets in rosette formation, both formed at their lower edges with plain inward turns accompanied by a single incised line, the skull decorated at each side with three pairs of incised lines radiating from the pivots and the subsidiary edges of the visor and upper bevor decorated with single incised lines (extensively pitted overall and showing some rust-perforations) 42 cm; 16 1/2 in high Provenance JWHA Inv. No. 3168 For close helmets preserved or formerly preserved in English churches with similar incised decoration, see Martin Holmes, `A Helmet from Upper Winchendon Church, Buckinghamshire`, Antiquaries Journal, Vol. XL, pt. II, September, 1965, pp. 183-91, pls. XLVIII-LI The N struck on the front gorget-plate appears to represent the second half of the elided initials AN used by the London armourer Anthony Newman (made free 1635, presented mark 1638/9, died 1653). See T. Richardson 2004, pp. 64-5.

**AN ITALIAN CLOSE HELMET WITH ETCHED DECORATION, CIRCA 1560 with one-piece skull rising to a high boldly roped comb fitted at its apex with a small loop, perhaps for tying up a plume (patched and holed around and beneath the latter) and pierced to either side of the nape with a pair of holes for the attachment of a plume-holder, visor, upper bevor and lower bevor attached to the skull by modern pivots fitted beneath their small round heads with large rosette washers, the restored visor formed with a stepped and centrally-divided vision-slit and the restored upper bevor of blunt prow-shaped form pierced at each side with nine circular ventilation-holes in rosette-formation, and two short articulated gorget-plates front and rear (the front ones restored), the main edges of the helmet formed with roped inwards turns generally accompanied by recessed borders, and the subsidiary edges of the gorget-plates decorated with pairs of incised lines, each side of the comb and the main borders etched with running foliage enclosed to the inside by delicate interlacing filigree-like vine-leaves, the etching bearing traces of later gilding and the intervening spaces later painted black (the whole showing extensive wear throughout) 32 cm; 12 1/2 in high Provenance Sumner Healey, New York, 21 May 1937 JWHA Inv. No. 2364 For similarly decorated Italian armours of the same period as the helmet, see Karen Watts, `The Armour of the Knights of St John, Malta`, Royal Armouries Year Book, Vol. 3, 1998, pp. 29-36, figs 1-11

**A COMPOSITE ITALIAN CLOSE HELMET, CIRCA 1590, LATER ADAPTED TO FUNERARY USE with one-piece skull rising to a low file-roped medial comb (patched and transversely-pierced at its apex where it was at one time fitted with a spike for the attachment of a funerary crest), peak, upper bevor and lower bevor attached to the skull by common pivots with radially fluted domed heads, the peak (associated) projecting forward to a rounded edge which is connected to the U-shaped upper edge of the upper bevor (associated and cut) by a face-guard of five vertical bars widening to a quatrefoil at its centre and to circular terminals top and bottom, each decorated with circular bosses, the lower bevor fitted at the right of the chin with a swivel-hook to engage a pierced stud riveted above it on the upper bevor, the flanged lower edge of the skull fitted with a single neck-lame (originally accompanied by one more at least), the subsidiary edges of the helmet decorated with single incised lines and the whole painted gold externally and black internally 31 cm; 11 1/4 in high Provenance William Randolph Hearst, sold Gimbel Brothers, New York, 31 October 1941 JWHA Inv. No. 2651 The painting of the helmet was applied by the Higgins Museum on 20 December 1941

**A GERMAN CLOSE HELMET WITH PEAK AND FALLING BUFFE, MID-16TH CENTURY AND 19TH CENTURY with skull (originally forming part of a burgonet and patched at its right side), boxed in four panels and rising to a point surmounted by a small acorn finial, its right side struck with the spurious quality-control-mark of the city of Nuremberg, peak and buffe attached to the skull by common pivots, the buffe formed of a main plate shaped to the chin and fitted at its upper edge with two falling plates each supported at the right side by a sprung stud, the upper one pierced with a pair of horizontal ventilation-slots and the lower with eight crescentic ventilation-holes above four of a star-shaped form, and two gorget-plates front and rear, the main edges of the helmet formed with roped turns (all parts except the skull restored) 35 cm; 13 3/4 in high Provenance Henry Furmage, London, 21 April 1931 £80 JWHA Inv. No. 1460 Exhibited `Renaissance Hardwear: The Art and Technology of Armor`, National Ornamental Metal Museum, Memphis, Tennessee, 4 September 1987 - 3 January 1988 `Road Warriors: Knight Riders`, Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach, Florida, 24 June - 4 September 2000

**A SOUTH GERMAN BURGONET, CIRCA 1570-80 with rounded one-piece skull rising to a high file-roped medial comb, projecting forward to an upturned obtusely-pointed integral peak (the point patched), fitted at the nape with a tapering tubular plume-holder, at its flanged lower edge with a neck-guard of one obtusely-pointed lame, and at each side with a hinged cheek-piece pierced at its centre with nine small auditory holes in rosette formation and flanged outwards at its lower edge to receive a separate front neck-guard continuing the line of that at the rear (the main plate of the right cheek-piece associated and slightly reworked, its neck-guard and the whole of the left cheek-piece restored), the main edges of the helmet formed with file-roped inward turns accompanied by recessed borders enclosed to the inside in each case by narrow grooves, and its secondary edges scalloped and bordered by pairs of incised lines (showing mottled patination overall and some pitting on the main plate of the right cheek-piece) 36 cm; 14 in high Provenance Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, New York, purchased from his estate, 28 September 1929 JWHA Inv. No. 875 The helmet is shown in plate 7 (third from left) of a photograph album recording the stock-of the Parisian dealer Louis Bachereau about 1890 (copy in the library of the J. W. Higgins Armory Museum).

**AN ITALIAN BURGONET, CIRCA 1570-80 with rounded one-piece skull rising to a high file-roped medial comb, projecting forward to a slightly upturned obtusely-pointed integral peak (the point cracked) and backwards to a matching integral neck-guard, and fitted at each side with a hinged cheek-piece (restored) with a straight forward edge projecting downwards beneath the chin, the main edges of the helmet formed with file-roped inward turns accompanied by recessed borders, and the crown decorated around its base and to either side of the comb with pairs of incised lines 35 cm; 13 3/4 in high Provenance Frank Macomber, Boston, Massachusetts, sold 10-12 December 1936, lot 429 JWHA Inv. No. 2430 Exhibited Schnectady Museum, New York, 4 June - 13 September 1979 Lowe Museum, Miami, Florida, 1 December 1979 - 13 January 1980 `The Pen and the Sword: Martial Arts Manuals in Medieval and Renaissance Europe`, J. W. Higgins Armory Museum, Worcester, Massachusetts, 26 October 2006 - 27 May 2007

**A SOUTH GERMAN BURGONET, NUREMBURG, CIRCA 1580 with rounded one-piece skull rising to a high file-roped medial comb (bruised and cracked at its apex), projecting forward to a short obtusely-pointed integral peak, the front of which is struck with the quality-control mark of the city of Nuremberg, fitted at its flanged lower edge with a neck-guard of one obtusely-pointed lame, and at each side with a hinged cheek-piece (the right associated and the left restored) pierced at its centre with five small auditory holes in dice-formation and flanged outwards at its lower edge to continue the line of the neck-guard, the main edges of the helmet formed with file-roped inward turns accompanied in the case of the cheek-pieces by a recessed border, the surface of the helmet retaining traces of an originally blackened finish (showing a mottled patina overall) 28 cm; 11 in high Provenance Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, New York, purchased from his estate, 28 September 1929, No. 110 JWHA Inv. No. 978

**A GERMAN ZISCHÄGGE, CIRCA 1620-30 with hemispherical skull fitted at its apex with a transversely-pieced finial retaining a large circular washer, decorated between the washer and a broad recessed border at the lower edge of the skull with twenty-four flutes, fitted at the brow with a narrow medially-grooved peak projecting forward to an ogival front edge and pierced at its centre-rear with a rectangular hole to accommodate a sliding nasal-bar retained by a staple and wing-headed screw (restored), the spatulate lower end of the nasal-bar decorated with rivets, the skull fitted at the nape with a slender tubular plume-holder and beneath it with a slightly flaring neck-guard of five lames the lowest of which has an ogival free edge, and fitted at each side with a large pendent scutiform cheek-piece of three lames embossed in relief at the centre of the uppermost one with a heart pierced with seven small auditory holes, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns accompanied for the most part by later small paired stitch-holes for attaching a lining and its subsidiary edges bevelled, the helmet painted black except on the fluted portion of the skull, the embossed hearts of its cheek-pieces, all the edges of its plates, and the domed heads of its rivets (the fluted portion of the skull extensively patinated and showing some delamination and perforation of its metal) 34.5 cm; 13 1/2 in high Provenance JWHA Inv. No. 937

**A GERMAN ZISCHÄGGE, MID-17TH CENTURY with one-piece hemispherical skull embossed with six radiating ribs and fitted at its apex with a transversely-pierced finial and circular washer, at its brow with a flat obtusely-pointed peak, at its nape with a flaring neck-guard of four lames, and at each side with a pair of pendent scutiform cheek-pieces in each case detached and pierced with seven auditory holes in rosette-formation, the peak struck on its underside with the characters ++VIII and pierced at its rear with a rectangular hole to accommodate a sliding nasal-bar with a leaf-shaped upper end, retained by a staple and locking-screw at the brow, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns and its surfaces coloured black overall 27 cm; 10.5 in high Provenance His Imperial Highness, Archduke Eugen, Veste Hohenwerfen, Austria, sold, Anderson Galleries, New York, 2 March 1927, lot 401, $12.50 JWHA Inv. No. 152

**A GERMAN ZISCHÄGGE, MID-17TH CENTURY with one-piece hemispherical skull embossed with six radiating ribs and fitted at its apex with a transversely-pierced finial and circular washer, at its brow with a flat obtusely-pointed peak, at its nape with a flaring neck-guard of four lames (the rear edge exhibiting a few small cracks), and at each side with a pair of pendent scutiform cheek-pieces in each case pierced with seven auditory holes in rosette-formation, the peak pierced at its rear with a rectangular hole to accommodate a sliding nasal-bar with a leaf-shaped upper end, retained by a staple and locking-screw at the brow, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns and its surfaces coloured black overall 26.5 cm; 10 1/2 in high Provenance His Imperial Highness, Archduke Eugen, Veste Hohenwerfen, Austria, sold, Anderson Galleries, New York, 3 March 1927, lot 534 JWHA Inv. No. 162 Exhibitions `Road Warriors: Knight Riders`, Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach, Florida, 24 June - 4 September 2000

**A GERMAN ZISCHÄGGE, MID-17TH CENTURY with one-piece hemispherical skull embossed with six radiating ribs and fitted at its apex with a transversely-pierced finial and circular washer, at its brow with a flat obtusely-pointed peak (pierced to the right of centre with a large suspension-hole) struck on its upper surface with the number 17 and 07 separated by the initials L over B , at its nape with a flaring neck-guard of four lames, and at each side with a pair of pendent scutiform cheek-pieces in each case pierced with seven auditory holes in rosette-formation, the peak pierced at its rear with a rectangular hole to accommodate a sliding nasal-bar with a leaf-shaped upper end struck with the initials LC and retained by a staple and locking-screw at the brow, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns and its surfaces polished bright (light to moderate pitting and patination overall) 26 cm; 10 1/8 in high Provenance Count Lichtenstein, Schloss Vaduz, Lichtenstein Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, New York, purchased from his estate, 15 October 1929 JWHA Inv. No. 784 Exhibited Pennsylvania Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1 December 1931 - 4 January 1932 Berkshire Museum, Pittsfield, Massachusetts, 6 January 1965 - 21 February 1966 Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, 12 -15 May 1967

**A SAPPERS HELMET, POSSIBLY GERMAN, LATE 17TH CENTURY with hemispherical one-piece skull of great weight rising to a low medial rib and fitted at the front and rear respectively with matching peak and neck-guard, in each case of flat obtusely-pointed form with plain inward turns at their edges and attached to the skull by sturdy round-headed rivets, the apex of the crown dented perhaps as a result of being proved, and the whole coloured black overall 16.5 cm; 6 1/2 in high Provenance JWHA Inv. No. 241

**AN HARQUEBUSIER`S POT IN THE ITALIAN STYLE OF THE 17TH CENTURY, 19TH CENTURY with hemispherical skull formed in two pieces joined by rivets along a low medial ridge, its front edge projecting forward to a broad obtusely-pointed integral peak pierced at its centre rear with a rectangular hole to receive a sliding nasal-bar formed at its lower end with a leaf-shaped lower end and retained by a staple and locking-screw (the right end of the staple detached), and pierced at its front left with a later circular hole probably for mounting purposes, the rear edge of the skull formed with a flange to receive a broad obtusely-pointed neck-guard of two lames, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns, the subsidiary edges of the neck-guard decorated with single incised lines, and each side of the crown decorated with three pairs of similar lines diverging to its base (heavily patinated overall and bruised at the left of the crown) 20.5 cm; 8 in high Provenance Mrs Francis Welch, Boston, Massachusetts, 29 May 1934 JWHA Inv. No. 2151

**A `HOUNSKULL` BASINET IN THE GERMAN STYLE OF THE LATE 14TH CENTURY, LATE 19TH CENTURY of notable weight with a tall conical skull boxed in four panels at its apex, pierced at its lower edge with two rows of small holes for the attachment of an aventail and lining, and fitted at its brow with a sturdy hinge (its lowest rivet replaced by a modern screw) supporting a Klappvisier of `hounskull` form with boxed and scalloped slits over each eye and each side of the mouth, and a `snout` boxed in four panels of which the upper two are in each case pieced with nine small ventilation-holes arranged in three rows (the apex and each side of the face-opening of the skull patched, and the surface of the helmet heavily pitted and patinated overall) 30.5 cm; 12 in high

**A `HOUNSKULL` BASINET IN THE ITALIAN STYLE OF THE LATE 14TH CENTURY, LATE19TH CENTURY with a tall conical skull struck twice at its right rear with a mark comprising a reversed gothic B (?) over a fleur-de-lis, pierced around its lower edge and face-opening with holes for the attachment of vervelles and a lining, and fitted with a pivoted visor of `hounskull` form with boxed slits over the eyes and mouth, and small circular ventilation-holes beneath its projecting conical `snout`, the arms of the visor connected to their pivots by hinges with removable pins (replaced) which would originally have been connected by chain-guards to pierced studs located to either side of the skull just behind the pivots (the surface of the helmet pitted overall) 29 cm; 11 1/2 in high Provenance Giulia P. Morosini, sold American Art Association, Anderson Galleries Inc., New York, 10-15 October 1932, lot 487 JWHA Inv. No. 1783 Exhibited Children`s Museum, Hartford, Connecticut, March - April 1976 Schnectady Museum, New York, 4 June - 13 September 1979 The helmet closely resembles one previously sold from the collections of the J. W. Higgins Armory Museum by Thomas Del Mar Ltd, 20 March 2013, lot 315. Both appear to form part of a group made near Paris about 1890 (See Laking 1920-2, Vol. V, pp. 144-6, figs 1567-8)

**AN ENGLISH ELECTROTYPE COPY, CIRCA 1880, OF A NORTH ITALIAN BURGONET FOR PARADE USE WITH EMBOSSED DECORATION, MILANESE, CIRCA 1560 formed in one piece rising at its rear to a medial crest formed as a recumbent sphinx (its wings missing) with a tubular plume-holder straddling its tail, projecting forwards to a slightly down-turned, obtusely-pointed integral peak, at its rear to an outward-flanged neck-guard, also obtusely pointed, and formed around its main edge with a boldly roped turn, it surfaces embossed in high relief with scrolling acanthus foliage and fruits involving at the front a classical warrior and a Medusa`s head, at each side male nudes and putti, and at the rear, herons grasping snakes in their beaks and a lion`s mask (worn in parts), and fitted internally over the left ear with the oval seal of the Elkington company bearing at its centre the royal cipher VR 29 cm; 11 1/2 in high Provenance The South Kensington (now the Victoria and Albert) Museum, London John Wigington, sold Parke-Bernet Galleries Inc., New York, 4 October 1951, lot 292 JWHA Inv. No. 2922 The electrotype was made by Elkington and Co Ltd of Birmingham from an original helmet that was at that time in the imperial collections of of the Tsarkoe Selo near St Petersburg and is now in the State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Acc. No, 3. 3420 (Gille & Rockstuhl 1835-53, pt. 7, pl. XXXIV; and Godoy 2003, No. 16, pp. 100-1 & 421). Its inspiration appears to have been the slightly earlier work of the celebrated Negroli family of armour-embossers

**A GERMAN CLOSE HELMET WITH DOG-FACED VISOR IN THE STYLE OF HANS SEUSENHOFER OF INNSBRUCK OF ABOUT 1529, EARLY 20TH CENTURY with rounded one-piece skull formed with five low roped parallel combs separated in each case by a two flutes, each enclosed by pairs of incised lines, and a visor and bevor attached to it at each side by domed common pivots with rosette washers, the prognathous visor formed with a pair of slightly stepped vision-slits and embossed in relief and fretted in the form of a dog`s mask, the bevor pierced at each side with seven auditory holes in rosette formation, its lower edge and that of the skull each formed with a boldly roped rim, the hollowed underside of which is designed to lock over and rotate on the turned upper edge of a collar, the visor attached to the bevor at the left of the chin by a spring-catch, and the bevor attached to the skull at the left and right sides respectively of the neck with a similar catch and a swivel-hook and pierced stud The design of the piece is based on that of a helmet in the Hofjagd- und Rüstkammer, Vienna, Inv. No. A 461, made by Hans Seusenhofer, master craftsman in the court armour workshop in Innsbruck, for the future Emperor Ferdinand I while still King of Hungary. It was delivered to him between 1526 and 1531, probably in 1529. A second visor for the helmet, in the form of a Turk`s mask, is in the Wallace Collection, London, Cat. No. A 204, (See Thomas & Gamber 1976, p. 234, pl. 113; and Norman 1986, p. 74, pl. 217) 30.5 cm; 12 in high Provenance His Imperial Highness, Archduke Eugen, Veste Hohenwerfen, near Salzburg, Austria JWHA Inv. No. 2311 Exhibited Hammond Castle Museum, Gloucester, Massachusetts, September 1981 - 31 May 1991

**A ZISCHÄGGE IN THE MID-17TH CENTURY POLISH STYLE, EARLY 20TH CENTURY with one-piece hemispherical skull embossed with six radiating ribs and fitted at its apex with a transversely-pierced finial and large circular washer, at its brow with a flat obtusely-pointed peak struck at the front with the letter `W` and pierced at its rear with a rectangular hole to accommodate a sliding nasal-bar struck on its leaf-shaped upper end with the letter `L`, at its nape with a flaring neck-guard of four lames, at each side with backward-directed fan-shaped `wings` decoratively fretted between radiating ribs, and below them with a pair of pendent scutiform cheek-pieces each pierced with six circular auditory holes in rosette formation, the main edges of the helmet formed with plain inward turns left bright along with the nasal-bar and the ribs of the wings against an otherwise black-painted ground (the latter extensively scuffed) 44.5 cm; 17 1/2 in high Provenance Parke-Bernet Galleries Inc., New York, 25 November 1953 JWHA Inv. No. 3037.2 Similar helmets were sold by Ernst Schmidt of Munich about 1930 (E. A.Mowbray 1966, p. 9, pl. 84, no. 554)

**AN ITALIAN BARRED FACE-DEFENCE FOR USE IN THE GIOCO DEL PONTE, PISA, 18TH CENTURY formed of a brow-band and a further band following the U-shaped outline of the face-opening of its helmet, the two pieces riveted to one another at their outer ends and fitted with twelve sturdy vertical bars of circular section, the outer ends of the brow-band pierced with pivot-holes (the right one broken out) and the right of the U-shaped band fitted with a pierced staple to receive a swivel-hook (heavily patinated overall) 21 cm; 8 in wide Provenance His Imperial Highness, Archduke Eugen, VesteHohenwerfen, Austria, sold Anderson Galleries, New York, 4 March 1927, lot 834 JWHA Inv. No. 175 See previous lot

**A BROW-REINFORCE FOR TOURNAMENT USE, PROBABLY GERMAN, LATE 16TH CENTURY formed in one piece with a medial ridge at its lower end that increases in height towards its upper end to accommodate the front of the comb of the underlying close helmet, formed with a low boss at each of its outer ends to accommodate the underlying visor-pivots, cut with a broad shallow notch at its lower front edge to clear the upper edge of the vision-slit of the underlying visor, and pierced at each side with a large hole to accommodate the screws that secured it to that visor 25.2 cm; 10 in wide Provenance George L. Maxwell, sold Anderson Galleries, New York, 28 November 1928, lot 147 JWHA Inv. No. 641 A comparable brow-reinforce was sold by Thomas Del Mar Ltd on 12 December 2007, lot 357. Another can be recorded in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Acc. No. 14.25.545. It is likely that such reinforces were intended for use in the tourney or foot tourney.

**AN ETCHED MINIATURE CLOSE HELMET IN THE 16TH CENTURY STYLE, EARLY 20TH CENTURY formed of a rounded two-piece skull joined along the crest of a low roped medial comb, fitted at its flanged lower edge with a deep one-piece rear gorget-plate and at each side with a brow-plate, visor and bevor attach by common pivots (broken out), the rounded visor pierced at each side with four long vertical vision-slits, the bevor fitted within its lower edge with a neck-lame flanged outwards at its lower edge to receive a deep front gorget-plate cusped twice at each side, the main edges of the helmet formed with file-roped inward turns and its surfaces etched overall within plain borders with scrolling foliage involving flower-heads and at the centre of the front gorget-plate, a winged dragon, all on a stippled and blackened ground Provenance Armatura Norsa, Venice, 4 November 1909 JWHA Inv. No. 246 The helmet is from the same hand as the breastplate sold from the collections of the J. W. Higgins Museum by Thomas Del Mar Ltd, 20 March 2013, lot 364

**A SHIELD FROM THE WORKSHOP OF ERNST SCHMIDT, MUNICH, IN THE WESTERN EUROPEAN STYLE OF THE LATE 15TH CENTURY, EARLY 20TH CENTURY of tall scutiform outline with a bouched upper dexter corner and a gutter-shaped medial ridge, formed of wood covered at the front with brown leather (split and repaired at some points) painted with an image of a knight in armour kneeling before his lady beneath a scroll bearing the inscription, in Lombadic characters, VOVS OV LA MORT (`You or Death`), and with his helmet and polaxe at his feet, and at the rear with coarse canvas, its upper end fitted with a robust horizontal leather carrying-strap Provenance JWHA Inv. No. 1015 The design of the shield is taken from one forming part of the Burgess Bequest in the British Museum, London (Laking 1920-2, Vol. II, pp. 229-2, fig. 594)

**`SEE MUSEUM OF 100 STEEL KNIGHTS` 100 BARBER AVE` a square aluminium sign-panel, painted in black and red on silver with a white border, and decorated with a visored close helmet 52 cm; 20 ½ in x 48.8 cm; 19 ¼ in Provenance JWHA Inv. No. 1992

A VICTORIAN JAPANNED METAL HELMET OR HAT CASE AND TWO IRON MOUNTED WOODEN TRUNKS

A BRASS COAL SCUTTLE OF HELMET SHAPE AND A BRASS JARDINIERE WITH LION MASK HANDLES AND FOUR FEET

A Dutch Delft two-handled pot, 18th century, the cylindrical body painted with flower sprigs, and a Delft helmet-shaped jug painted with Oriental flowers and foliage issuing from holey rockwork, 21cm max. (2)

A creamware bust of Minerva, c.1800, probably Ralph Wood, her head turned to dexter, wearing a plumed helmet and draped with a green robe over one shoulder, raised on a waisted socle, impressed Minerva to the reverse, 32cm.

A large pair of brass candlesticks, with tapering stems, 34cm high, and a German stoneware blue stein, modelled as a gentleman in plumed helmet, 34cm high

A 19thC nickel plated Fire Officer`s helmet, with dragon embossed comb, the front double axe badge with embroidered interior and part metal chin strap, with adjustable leather end, 26cm high.

A Victorian copper coal helmet, of part hammered form, with swing handle and exterior carrying handle, on circular foot, 47cm wide.

A late Victorian copper coal helmet, of part hammered form, with a swing and exterior handle, 45.5cm wide.

A good and extensive collection of Liverpool/Wallasey police memorabilia including a Liverpool police helmet with plume, a long truncheon in leather sleeve, a further truncheon, various books, two badges, a whistle, small collection of ceramics and a Bell & Candle of Liverpool tin box.

A German WWI belt buckle and a spike of a Prussian helmet (2).

A silver-plated swing handle helmet-shaped sugar basket, with ball rim, raised on an oval base together with a pair of sugar nips.

An 18th century Salopian blue and white porcelain helmet shaped creamer, decorated with Chinoiserie figures amongst stylised landscapes, H. 12.5 cm.

COMMEMORATIVE MEDALS, WORLD MEDALS, RUSSIA Nicholas I (1825-1855), Unveiling of his Equestrian Statue in St Petersburg, Silver Medal, low purity silver of.500 fineness, 1859, by P Brusnitsyn, bust left in uniform with breast-plate, wearing eagle-topped helmet, rev the statue and plinth, 86mm (Diakov 681.1 R2). Light surface marks, toned, nearly extremely fine. The equestrian statue in St Isaac’s Square was designed by Auguste Ricard de Monferrand and was a technical wonder in its time for the way it balanced only on the horse’s two back legs. The plinth is of Finnish granite, decorated with sculptures executed by Russia’s leading sculptors. The monument, which took three years to complete, is one of the very few Imperial sculptural monuments to have survived the Soviet era.

A Lincolnshire Regiment Second Volunteer Batallion black cloth helmet, spike and rose bosses supporting a velvet backed chin chain and with a crowned white metal helmet plate for the Egypt campaign. Tailors details in gilt on red leather Samuel Brothers, Lovegate Hill, London, with original tin transport box.

An early 20c keyless lever pocket watch signed C F Hancock, 39 Bruton Street, London, the three quarter plate movement has a bi-metallic balance and lever escapement and is contained in an 18ct gold half hunter case hallmarked for London 1919. The case front bears the inscription `Ero Audax` and the emblem of a greyhound. The case back has a helmet and shield within foliage, 1.75""diam overall.

Four Copper Helmet Shaped Coal Scuttles, together with a collection of other copper and brass ware to include fire implements, a fender and other items

A collection of copper and other wares to include copper coal helmet, 19th Century copper warming pan with turned wood handle, coppered fireside companion set, 19th Century copper cheese grater raised on cabriole legs, a set of oak bellows, kettle, etc

A brass coal helmet, a walnut veneered wall clock with Atlas surmount, and a bagatelle board

A pewter coloured metal coal helmet, a Parker pen "Accession The Queen's Golden Jubilee" (boxed) a pewter coloured tray and a hanging metal herb drier and a collection of cutlery

A copper and brass helmet coal scuttle with hammered finish to body, c1910

A small twin-handled bowl, with part gadrooning, on circular footrim, maker`s mark of Mark Willis, Sheffield 1909; and a Victorian helmet-shaped cream jug, with swirling part gadrooning, maker`s mark of Robert James Chaplin & Sons, London 1894, total approx. weight 8 troy oz (2)

A LARGE SILVER PLATED TRAY 61cm wide; assorted pewter and other mugs and jugs; a copper coal helmet; and a copper jug.

A vintage Welsh Police Force helmet

A group comprising: novelty copper and brass miniature diver`s helmet; pair of resin busts; and a patinated figure of a fairy in the Art Nouveau taste (4)

A Victorian silver helmet form cream jug, marked for Chester 1900, 3.1 troy ounces

A CHINESE EXPORT PORCELAIN CYLINDRICAL TEAPOT with painted Armorial shield with bugle and ribbon-tie crest, circa 1820 and a matching helmet shaped cream jug

An Elizabeth II silver helmet shaped Cream Jug, gadroon rim, scroll handle on stem with circular base, London 1963

A George III silver salt, London 1797, and a silver helmet shape jug

AN AVIAKIT `SUPER JET` MOTORBIKE HELMET, c.1940`s

A SMALL PURDONIUM, a helmet shaped coal bucket, a plant stand and two pictures (5)

A mid 20th century Vespa motor cycle helmet.

A Chinese bronze censer, 5.5in., copper bugle, helmet-shape coal scuttle, etc.