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A Danish 2-bolt diving helmet:, number 'DG116' (matching) oval top and side windows with guards, hinged oval front window also with guard, butterfly spitcock lower right, comms cup to crown and capped telephone, double outlet valves and rear air intake, handing pots to breastplate, also stamped 'GTO' with crown cypher, 48cm high. *Note- As noted in the book, this helmet has been reunited with its original brass. The corresponding numbered brass had been acquired over 25 years earlier from an American collector. This helmet was a more recent acquisition from Sweden and so the brasses have been changed to match the original helmets. * see pages 168-169, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Danish 2-bolt diving helmet with reinforced top:, the reinforced crown enabling use by 'stone fish' divers while repairing dams and dykes, oval side windows with guards, hinged oval front window with guard, spitcock lower left, rear air inlet and capped comms, double outlet valves, the breast plate with hanging posts, the front brass stamped 'Nr 501' with crown proof mark struck through. The opposite side stamped '102 30' with crown proof, 48cm high. * Note- see previous lot for details of the brass numbers * see page 170-171, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Danish 2-bolt diving helmet:, the four oval observation windows with guards, the front window hinged to one side, wing nut spitcock, comms cap to upper right, double outlet valves, capped telephone and rear inlet, the breastplate with brass hanging posts, the bottom brass with government crown stamp and numbered '610', 47cm high * see page 172-173, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Danish 2-bolt diving helmet:, numbered 'H 12/40', oval side windows with guards hinged oval front window with guard, capped reserve air inlet and spitcock below faceplate, rear air intake and double air outlet, capped comms to upper rear, front weight hangers, 47cm high. * see page 174, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Danish 2-bolt conversion of a Drager Diving helmet:, the DM 20 pattern bonnet with riveted handle, circular observation windows, spitcock, rear inlet and side outlet, attached to a Danish pattern 2-bolt corselet, 52cm high. *Anthony Pardoe notes- 'This is a Danish/German helmet that has been modified by attaching a Drager top to a 2-Bolt bottom. It moulds in quite well and looks in proportion from all angles. The story that came with this was that during WW II when the Germans occupied Denmark, they decided to modify the helmet, making it into a German Drager 2-Bolt. We know that the original 2-Bolt helmet was patented in Germany, and some were made there from which Peter Hansen received royalties, so it is possible that the modification was agreed by him. We also know that the 2-Bolt set was marketed in Germany in the brochure of Frantz Clouth Company therefore it is likely that all was done with the full approval of the patentee'. * see page 175, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 3-bolt diving helmet circa 1961:, circular windows, with three lashing ties above the front window, rear air inlet with copper cover, pepper pot outlet with head purge, the corselet with three stars to front below manufacturer's plate, front weight posts and side hooks, 46cm high. *Anthony Pardoe notes -. The intriguing parts of this helmet are the three tie-offs on the top and the three stars fixed on the corselet - making one think the user of this hat was perhaps a high ranking Officer, or a Joker! * see page 178, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 12-bolt square corselet diving helmet:, number '2' (matching), triple circular observation windows,rear air inlet with copper cover, outlet valve with head button, rear locking screw, the corselet with maker's plaque date stamped '1988', 26cm high. * see page 179, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 12-bolt/3-bolt diving helmet:, number '308', circular observation windows, rear air inlet with copper cover, pepper pot outlet with head purge, attached by three bolts to corselet, maker's plate date stamped '1975', brass brails, 44cm high. * see page 180, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 3-bolt helium re breather diving helmet and equipment:, the bonnet with handle to top, three circular observation windows, rear outlet valve with head button, the mixing chamber mounted around the neck of the bonnet with rear scrubber inlet/outlet, stamped and etched with test numbers and symbols to front, the corselet with front hanging posts and side hooks, rear mounted scrubber bracket, 45cm high. * see page181, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade diving helmet:, made from a 5 gallon steel drum, air inlet pipe under the window, and another which splits in two at the back, the one at the front to keep the faceplate clear the other two of unknown use, crude construction but fitted with a filter, 57.5cm high. * Notes- as Anthony Pardoe remarks, Was it used as a diving helmet? No sign of weights or how they were fixed, but it would need a lot of weight to sink this drum. Many theories will be put forward, but we shall probably never know the true answer. * see page 13, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 3-bolt helium diving helmet:, date stamped '1980';. riveted handle to top, circular windows, rear outlet with head button, brass helium chamber around the neck, the corselet with hooks to shoulders and weight posts to front and maker's plaque, the rear with breathing apparatus mount, 49cm high. * see page 182, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 6-bolt diving helmet with square corselet:, circular side and front window, rear air intake and air outlet, interior baffle, locking nut to back of rim, manufacturer's plaque to front dated 1967, 49cm high. * see page 183, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Russian 12-bolt/3-bolt diving helmet:, four circular observation windows, the top window with guard, rear air inlet with copper cover, outlet with head button, the corselet with maker's plaque dated '1973', 45cm high. * see page 184, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A 12-bolt diving helmet by Galaezzi, Italy:, circular windows with guards to the sides, , lashing eyes to front, knurled spitcock, rear air inlet and side outlet, the corselet with front and rear weight hangers and large cast manufacturer's plate, numbered '33:459' to rim and faceplate and '33:457' to badge, * see page 186, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An Italian 12-bolt diving helmet with locking ring collar by Galeazzi:, circular side and front windows, the former with guards, knurled spitcock, lasing eyes and hooks, side outlet, rear air intake and capped comms, castellated ring to neck with peg locators locking onto the rim of the corselet, maker's plaque to breastplate, front and rear hanging posts, 50cm high, together with 'T' spanner. * see page 187, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An Italian 12-bolt mixed gas diving helmet by Galeazzi:, number 'BPG R04' (matching), circular side and front windows, the former with guards, lashing eyes, knurled spitcock, side outlet with head button, the rear intake connecting with pie attached to the rear of the corselet for reintroducing any breathed air if required, the corselet with mouthpiece for the closed air system, regulator knob, maker's plate as per title, brass brails, 53cm high. * see pages 188-189, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An Italian 12-bolt diving helmet by Salvas (Societe Anonima Lavorazioni Vari Appararecchi di Salvataggio):, triple observation windows with guards to the side windows, lashing eyes, side hooks, spitcock and rear inlet, side outlet, locking bolt catch to collar, the corselet with maker's plate as per title, front hanging posts and shaped brass brails, 46cm high. * see page 192, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An Italian 12-bolt diving helmet by I.A.C:, number '506' (matching) the circular windows with guards to side, lashing eyes, spitcock, side hooks and rear air intake, the corselet with maker's plate as per title, handing posts and brass brails, 48cm high * see page 193, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A French 3-bolt diving helmet by Rene Piel, Paris:, circular front and protruding side windows, small spit cock lower left, rear air intake and side pepper pot outlet, the 'Vibraphone' comms to the upper right, single tie off, the corselet with maker's plate 'Rene Piel Appareils Plongeurs, Denayrouse 9, Avenue Parmentier Paris', and two hanging posts, 48cm high. * see pages 196-197, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A French Navy no-bolt diving helmet by C H Petit, Paris:, numbered '24', four circular observation windows , the top window with guard, rear air intake and side outlet, top mounted 'Vibraphone' connection, single rear locating 'tongue' and large hinged over-lock latch to front of corselet securing the bonnet, the breastplate with plaque 'Ch Petit Paris, Appareils Plongeurs, Denayrouze Avenue Parmentier', also fitted two hanging posts and hooks, 52cm high. * see pages 199-199, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade diving helmet constructed from a gas cylinder:, air inlet to top, single rectangular window and side handles, shaped to shoulders with fixing holes for weights, 70cm high * see page 14, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A French no-bolt diving helmet converted to a 14-bolt helmet:, circular windows, the top window with guard, capped speaking tube and later telephone to crown, side outlet with head button, rear air inlet, the rims converted and machined with interrupted threads the corselet retaining central safety catch and hanging posts, redesigned with 14 bolts and wing nuts and brass brails, 54cm high * see pages 200-201, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A French 12-bolt diving helmet by Scauda:, four observation windows with lashing eyes beneath the front window, hooks to either side, outlet with head button, rear air inlet (lacking gooseneck), the corselet with short hanging posts and ridged shaped brails, 47cm high. * Note-Though there is no name plate on this helmet it was made by Joseph Scauda of Marseille, who produced 400/ 500 helmets between 1921 and 1945. He had two sons Marcel & Robert who may have been involved in the business. It is easy to recognise as a Scauda, predominantly because of the brasses which have a reinforcing rib in the centre and around the bolt holes, and are held with heavy duty 'wing' nuts. * see pages 202-203, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Korean 12-bolt diving helmet by Pusan:, oval side windows with guards, circular face plate, rear air intake with non-return valve, rear comms and side air outlet, the corselet with weight hangers and manufacturer's plaque, 341cm high * see page 206, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Korean 12-bolt diving helmet by Pusan:, the top and side window having guards fixed by internal iron nuts, circular front screw on window, rear air inlet and comms, side outlet with head button, the corselet with weight hangers and maker's plate, 41cm high. * see page 207, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A 12-bolt diving helmet by Person, Sao Paulo, Brasil:, the circular observation windows with guards, lashing eyes to the crown, spitcock lower left, rear air intake with non-return valve, side hooks, outlet with head button, the corselet with maker's plate as per title, weight hangers and counter struck brails, 50 cm high. * see page 210, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Spanish 12-bolt round corselet diving helmet by Nemrod:, oval side windows with guards, circular front window with lashing eyes above, spitcock lower right. rear air intake and capped comms, side outlet with cog and banana valve, the corselet with maker's plate 'Equipos Nemrod', and small weight hangers, 48cm high. * see page 212, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Japanese 12-bolt helium re-breather diving helmet by the Yokohama Apparatus Diving Company:, number 'M7289', four screw in Plexiglass observation windows, inlet port , adjustment valves, outlet value, comms, telephone cap and particle filter cap opposite, rear scrubber house with protective fin, front gas adjustment valves, the corselet with maker's plate as per title, hanging posts, the front brails with oversize securing rings, 43cm high. * see pages 214-215, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Japanese 12-bolt diving helmet by TS Yokohama Diving Apparatus Co Ltd:, circular windows, side outlet with head button, rear air inlet, the corselet with maker's plaque as per title and hanging posts, counterstruck brails, 44cm high. * see page 216, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Japanese 12-bolt diving helmet by TOA:, oval side windows with guards, circular front window with spitcock lower left, side outlet with head button, rear air intake and comms, the corselet with hanging posts and maker plaque, 41cm high. * see page 217, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Japanese 12-bolt diving helmet by Kimura, (Nagasaki Iron Works):, rear air inlet with non -return valve, oval side windows with guards, circular front window, spitcock, air outlet with head purge, interior ducts and comms, telephone cable connection to rear, matching number '2' to neck rings and brails, 42cm high. * see pages 218-219, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade tin diving helmet:, the helmet is very tall and extremely narrow with weights built into two canisters attached to the front and back, handles to the sides and another on the top, the small front window is fixed with a tin surround which is attached to the helmet, the air enters top back where part of a rubber tube is still attached,50 cm high * Notes- Anthony Pardoe remarks, one interesting feature is the row of holes just above each shoulder allowing the air to escape, thus not obscuring the diver's vision. It looks like the Tin Man from the Wizard of Oz! * see page 15, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Canadian 12-bolt diving helmet by John Date, Montreal:, number 'SER 613' (matching), circular observation windows, the side windows with guards, the front window with two knobs, one with lashing hole, outlet with cog and banana valve, spring loaded safety catch to rim, the corselet with maker's plate 'John Date Ltd manufacturer's Montreal, Can', short hanging posts and brass brails, 47cm high polished and lacquered. * see pages 222-223, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Swindell fibreglass diving helmet with brass 12-bolt corselet:, shaped top and square front windows, side inlet and outlet valves, reserve air supply to the rear internal comms, safety catch to rim, the corselet with front and rear hanging loops, 45cm high. * see page 226, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Swindell fibreglass diving helmet with neck dam:, stamped 'OTS1' for 'Ocean Technical Services', nickel plate framed top and front windows, side inlet and outlets with reserve air inlet to the rear, dual comms, fitted interior with microphone and headphones, the neck dam with jockstrap wires, 33cm high. * see page 227, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Kirby Morgan 'Superlite 17' diving helmet by Diving Systems International, Santa-Barbara, California:, yellow fibreglass body with brass handle, side and rear balance weights, camera mount to handle, plated window frame with fold down welding visor, adjustable demand valve with exhaust deflector, comms cable and hose shoe yoke, maker's labels to either side, 33cm high. * see page 231, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Miller Series 400 cast bronze diving helmet:, the black painted bronze shell with adjustable control valve, comms posts, rubber exhaust valve, padded interior with comms, stamped 'Miller' to control wheel, 27cm high. * see page 233, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A mixed gas stainless steel diving helmet by Joe Savoie:, number 'F304' double exhaust fittings to either side of the front, rear inlet and comms binding posts, front bar welding mask holder/guard, levered neck dam signed as per title, 26cm high. ( Perspex window cracked) * see page 234, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade shallow water diving helmet:, handle and air intake to top, square front window with bar guards, shaped shoulders with rubber tube, weight holes to front and rear, 72cm high. * see page 16, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An Aquadyne AH2 fibreglass and nickel plated stainless steel diving helmet with 12-bolt corselet:, large top and front windows, rear air inlet with air control exhaust system, double comms connectors with original fittings to interior, 44cm high. * see page 235, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Desco free flow diving helmet:, number '605', the spun copper shell over painted black, rectangular Perspex front window, side adjustment wheel, interior padding and air filter, maker's mark cast into one side, jockstrap eye to front and adjustable jockstrap plate to rear, 24cm high. * see page 236, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An early C. Vu diving helmet:, the plated bronze half mask fitted side inlet with reserve, binding posts and comms to front of glass, heavy duty adjustable rubber spider with head cap, inscribed to front on frame, 'Maritime Offshore Projects No98F', and 'C, Vu' to rubber seal, 24cm wide. * see page 237, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade iron diving helmet:, with top handle and a further two handles either side of the front window, three of the four observation windows with rubber seals, the collar with eight bolts and locking collar to the rear, 65cm overall length. *Anthony Pardoe remarks - 'This iron helmet was dug up in the garden of a house that had been built in the grounds of a Devon country estate. The line of brown on the windows was the level of the soil inside when found. The helmet is made in sections, welded together and done in a very skilful manner to form a round ball. It is obviously homemade, with the two handles on the front and one on the back from a farm gate..... We presume the two holes in the back were the means of feeding and exhausting air; or breathing was by means of a mouthpiece which would eliminate the necessity of making air vents and an exhaust valve system. All these ideas are food for thought and make the salvaged helmet a good talking point' * see page 240, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An American square faced helium diving helmet:, unsigned, 5 1/2 inch face plate with four inlets and outlets, helium scrubber to the rear, the outlet valve stamped 'BTE 1967 792' counter struck for the 'Batteryless Telegraph Equipment Manufacturers, Pittsburgh', internal comms and headphone cups, recessed neck and bolt attachment to collar, 30cm high. * see page 241, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An un-named copper and brass diving helmet:, constructed in three sections with circular side and front windows, stamped 'X396B' to the rim of the front drop down window, rear air intake, interior air channel and elongated corselet, small vertical pipe to rear, 58cm high * Anthony Pardoe notes -'... the most intriguing part of this helmet is the small pipe leading into the back neck of the corselet. It is too small a diameter for an air pipe, but the correct size for an oxygen supply' see pages 242-243, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A black leather smoke helmet by Siebe Gorman & Co, London:, the rigid top with one -way outlet, maker's plate to forehead, hinged front windows, canvas wrapped airline to either side, leather laces and nape, 'Code of signals by means of lifeline' plaque attached on a chain, 31cm high * see page 244, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Chinese 12-bolt diving helmet:, number '085' (matching), oval side windows with guards secured internally by bolts, the front window with brass circular guard and similar spare plastic guard, rear gooseneck inlet and capped comms, outlet with head button, the corselet with front hanging posts, makers plaque stamped '12' and '96', brass brails, tinned finish, also together with a T-spanner, 39cm high.

A 12-bolt diving helmet, possibly Chilean:, numbered '10275' to interior rim of bonnet, circular windows, side outlet with head button, side hooks and rear air intake, 49cm high.

A 6-bolt Admiralty pattern diving helmet by Siebe Gorman & Co Ltd, London:, number '18973' (matching) oval side windows with guards, circular front window counterstruck to rim, lashing eyes, spitcock, side outlet with head button, rear air inlet and comms, the corselet with maker's plaque as per title, front and rear hanging posts, 47cm high.

A homemade shallow water diving helmet:, having three 5lbs weights on the front and back, lifting eye to top and square faceplate, side mounted adjustable air intake with interior baffle, 48cm high. * Anthony Pardoe remarks - 'It is hard to imagine how people dived with some of these homemade helmets and lived to tell the tale. This one came from an American Dive school! Not a good looking hat, but it appears to have had plenty of use.' see page 17, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A German 3-bolt DM.20/40 diving helmet by Draeger:, riveted handle to top , four circular observation windows, the top window with guard, reserve air inlet below front window, side outlet with head button, the rear with standard air intake and comms, also fitted re-breather inlet/outlet, non-matching numbers '3308' to bonnet, '2683' to corselet, 53cm high.

An Admiralty pattern 6-bolt diving helmet by Siebe Gorman & Co Ltd, London:, number '14666' (matching). oval side windows with guards , circular front window with spit cock lower right, side hooks and rear air inlet and outlet valve with head purge, capped telephone connector, the corselet with maker's plaque as per title, brass brails and hanging posts, 49cm high.

A 12 bolt diving helmet by Siebe Gorman & Co, altered for use as a shallow water helmet:, the bonnet numbered '2936' the corselet numbered '2964', the bonnet with oval side windows and guards, front convex face plate with guard, spit cock to left, rear air inlet, rear exhaust valve with wheel adjustment and bell shaped cover, and two lashing eyes, the corselet also signed as per title to front, 44cm high *Anthony Pardoe notes- The locking device on the corselet is a 'gate' for a drop catch, whilst the top has the remains of a 'peg and chain' However as this was used as an open helmet a thumb screw has been fitted to prevent the top from turning. This is an early helmet, with the exhaust valve quite close to the back of the head even though it has a wheel adjustment. This valve has a bell shaped cover which is such an early design that it is not shown in the 1935 fourth edition of R.H.Davis's 'Deep Diving'. Other indications of this being an early top are the convex front window glass, the two 'lashing eyes', one behind the side window, and the other on the opposite side to the teardrop shaped spitcock. The copper curved bracket attached to the air inlet, we believe was used to fix the helmet to a beam on a pub ceiling. Since acquiring the helmet, brails of the correct age have been sent from New Zealand should the helmet ever need to be made fully operational. To my way of thinking these two odd halves are a complete entity just as they are. * see pages 18-19, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A homemade open diving helmet with single lamp:, 8 inch window with 3 inch lamp above, shaped shoulders with rubber hose attached to prevent rubbing, rear air inlet and hook, two vacant fixing apertures to the front 65cm high * Anthony Pardoe comments - The interesting part is the light above the window. We understand the helmet was used in a mine in North Carolina, which if flooded would have nil visibility. In these conditions the light would have been absolutely essential. The power for the torch type lamp came from the terminals inside the helmet, which possibly had wires going to it from a switch in the larger hole beneath the window. The power would have come from a battery or from the surface with the wire attached to the air line. There are no fixings for weights, therefore the diver would have worn a weight belt. The small hole on the lower front of the helmet possibly had a fitting onto which a jock strap was attached, passing through the legs and onto the hook on the back. see pages 20-21, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A shallow water diving helmet by Aqua bell Corporation of Windsor, Wisconsin, U.S.A.:, clear Perspex bonnet with yellow plastic collar with filling cap, moulded air intake to top, , signed as per title to collar, 47cm high. * see page 22, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A Miller Dunn 'Divinhood' Navy Standard (style two) shallow water diving helmet by Miller Dunn, Miami:, brass handle to top, with circular comms connection cap and safety chain, side air intake, squared and angled front windows with double bar guards, stamped 'B12' to the window surround, copper weight mounts to front and back, 61cm high. see page 3, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A brass reproduction in the style of Siebe's Open Dress Helmet of 1829:, the non-opening front and side windows of equal size with guards, rear air intake and exhaust pipes, the smaller air inlet to the front is sealed during conversion from a smoke helmet to a diving helmet, 50 cm high. *Anthony Pardoe notes - In the Siebe Gorman Book 'Deep Diving & Submarine Operations' it is claimed that the original of this helmet was made in 1819. This is disputable, as the first open helmet was invented in 1823/24 by the Deane Brothers; and the Siebe helmet was a later development of this, and became known as the Open Dress. Although the one shown is not an exact copy, it is very similar to Siebe's first helmet. * see page 23, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A 1907 Siebe & Gorman 'Pattern 200' Diving, Smoke, and Submarine Escape Helmet:, the copper helmet with single round hinged window and guard covered with a canvas waist length suit fitted with an adjustable jock strap,77cm long. *Notes- In 1907 Sir Robert H.Davis, managing director of Siebe Gorman & Company, in conjunction with two naval officers Admiral Hall C.B.E. and Fleet Surgeon O.Rees, designed the above apparatus using the chemical "Oxylithe". This is a special preparation of sodium peroxide which when breathed on gives off oxygen, and at the same time absorbs carbon dioxide from the expired air. The Oxylithe was placed in a metal container in a front pocket inside the suit top of the 'Open Dress'. It had a mouthpiece and tube leading to the canister and an open end tube from the canister to the top of the helmet. This helmet had a triple purpose, for although designed as a submarine escape apparatus it was also used as a shallow water diving helmet, but could also serve as a smoke helmet without the necessity of an air supply. It was stated that on one charge of 'Oxylithe', working in smoke or diving at shallow depth, the apparatus could be used for 45 minutes. However with further research it was found to have another use. An adaptation of this apparatus was also sold for use when capping oil wells, with the jacket having long rubber gloves glued to the sleeves, and air supplied by hose and bellows into a connection in the top of the helmet. The pocket holding the canister of "Oxylithe" is inside the suit and also has a strap to hold it in place. If it was used for diving in cold waters, a wading dress was worn under the suit with normal lead boots and a weight belt of 65 lbs. Chest weights could not be used as they would obstruct the breathing lines. It was essential that the diver maintained an upright posture to prevent the water getting near his mouth, as breathing had to be done through the mouth in order for the system to operate correctly. If he needed to pick anything up he would kneel or go down on his haunches, but not bend down. This helmet was purchased from an old gentleman in Bristol. He told us that he was a cabin boy on a large sailing vessel, and that it was used as the diving helmet on the ship. He took the helmet and had held on to it for over 60 years, being too afraid to sell it. The suit was rather smelly when purchased and still retains some of the 'aroma'. see page 24-25, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

A shallow water diving helmet for the Ford Motor Company possibly by Charles Person:, the four observation windows with guards, stamped to crown with Ford logo and 'Agencia P. Grossa', the bonnet attached by a series of eight nuts and bolts, rear air inlet, the plain corselet with front and rear weight hangers, 42cm high. * Notes- Similarities in style and construction to the helmets of Charles Person may indicate that this helmet was made by him for the Ford Motor Companies Brazilian factories. Ford had their own helmets for divers to keep the water inlets and outlets clear of obstruction at their various plants. * see pages 26-27, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.

An open suit diving helmet by Person, Sao Paulo, Brazil:, the four observation windows with guards, the front window with additional bar for removing the faceplate, rear inlet and side adjustable outlet valve, the bonnet attached to the corselet by 12 bolts, maker's plate to breastplate as per title, front and rear weight hangers, attached to a red leather half length diving dress, height of helmet 42cm. * see page 28, vol 1, 'Diving Helmets and Equipment Through The Ages'.