Septimius Severus AV Aureus. Rome, AD 201. SEVERVS AVG PART MAX, laureate head right / FVNDATOR PACIS, Severus, veiled, standing left, holding branch and scroll. RIC 160; Calicó 2459; C. 202; BMC 189. 7.25g, 19mm, 6h. Fleur De Coin. Very Rare. From the Ambrose Collection; Ex Numismatik Lanz 112, 25 November 2002, lot 598. Severus' rise to power required him to remove the threats of two others who had been proclaimed emperor, Pescennius Niger in the East and Clodius Albinus in the West. Having routed Niger and pacified the eastern provinces, and after his victory against Albinus at the Battle of Lugdunum, Severus consolidated support in the western provinces and then turned his attention back to increasing the bounds of the Roman Empire eastwards. In 197 Severus invaded Parthia and captured the Parthian capital Ctesiphon. The sack of Ctesiphon was particularly devastating. Severus gave his soldiers liberty to plunder the city at will and brutal slaughter ensued. According to Cassius Dio, as many as 100,000 women and children were sold into slavery, and an enormous amount of treasure was carried off from the city. Ctesiphon was however not garrisoned, and Severus withdrew from the city. Though he failed to reduce the city of Hatra, which had also held out against Trajan, the northern half of Mesopotamia was annexed to the empire, and for this victory Severus took the title parthicus maximus, as seen on the obverse legend of this type. While he could not claim total victory over the Parthians, he had dealt a severe blow to that kingdom, which endured no more than another twenty seven years before a revolt by the Sassadids overran the weakened empire. The reverse however reiterates Severus' role as a bringer of peace and stability, who had successfully dealt with both the usurpers within the empire and Rome's external enemies. Indeed, the reign of Severus can be considered to have been a prosperous and largely stable period - a last golden period before the coming of an age of iron and rust.
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Septimius Severus AV Aureus. Rome, AD 207. SEVERVS PIVS AVG, laureate head right / RESTITVTOR VRBIS, Roma seated left on shield, holding palladium and sceptre. RIC 288; Calicó 2529; BMC 358; Hill 840. 6.76g, 21mm, 6h. Good Extremely Fine. Lustrous metal. Rare. Septimius Severus was credited with restoring stability to the Roman Empire after the turbulent reign of Commodus and the civil wars that erupted in the wake of his murder, and by the time this coin was struck he had enlarged the empire in the East and strengthened the southern borders through the expansion of the Limes Tripolitanus, a frontier zone of defensive forts in north Africa. The improved security of the empire enabled Severus to undertake restorative works in Rome itself, the theme of this reverse type. Roma, personification of Rome, is portrayed here as a direct reference to Severus' having restored peace and prosperity to the city.
Severus Alexander AV Aureus. Rome, AD 230. IMP SEV ALEXAND AVG, laureate head right, slight drapery on left shoulder / P M TR P VIIII COS III P P, Romulus, radiate, walking right, carrying spear and trophy. RIC 103; BMC 620; Calicó 3121 (same dies). 6.33g, 20mm, 7h. Fleur De Coin; perfectly centred on the flan. Rare. From the Ambrose Collection; Ex Roma Numismatics IV, 30 September 2012, lot 633; Ex Triton X, 9 January 2007, lot 701.
Gordian I AR Denarius. Rome, AD 238. IMP M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right / P M TR P COS P P, emperor standing left, holding olive branch and sceptre. RIC 1; BMC 1. 2.71g, 21mm, 6h. Fleur De Coin. Supremely well detailed; perfect strike, lustrous metal. An incredibly attractive coin, and easily the finest denarius of Gordian I Africanus we have ever handled. From the Ambrose Collection; Ex Roma Numismatics IV, 30 September 2012, lot 640.
Pupienus AR Denarius. Rome, AD 238. IMP C M CLOD PVPIENVS AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right / PAX PVBLICA, Pax seated left, holding branch and sceptre. RIC 4. 3.25g, 20mm, 12h. Fleur De Coin. A remarkably detailed portrait, engraved in excellent style and high relief. From the Gutekunst Collection; Ex A. Tkalec, 23 October 1998, lot 258.
Etruria, Populonia Æ Uncia. Late 3rd century BC. Head of Sethluns right, •• behind / Etruscan legend 'vetalv pvflvna', hammer and tongs, •• between. EC I, 132.7 (this coin); HN Italy 188; Sambon 120. 11.90g, 23mm, 2h. Very Fine, weakly struck and pitted. Very Rare, no examples on CoinArchives. From the VCV Collection. The interpretation of vetalv as a personal name is more probable than that of Vetulonia, while pvflvna would seem to be a variant of the city’s name preferred by the magistrate, cf. TLE 379 and 794.
Maximianus Herculius AV Aureus. Nicomedia, AD 294. MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate bust right / HERCVLI VICTORI, Hercules standing facing, head right, holding club and apples, lion skin draped over left arm; SMN in exergue. RIC 3; Depeyrot p. 119, 2/1; cf. Calicó 4668 var. (no apples). 5.36g, 20mm, 1h. Good Extremely Fine. Very Rare. From the Ambrose Collection; Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 59, 4 April 2011, lot 1154. Given the title ‘Herculius’ by Diocletian, Maximianus’ role was always that of the military might to Diocletian’s stategic planning, hence the rich and varied series of depictions of Hercules that we see on his coinage. This reverse depicts Hercules after the completion of his eleventh labour - to steal the apples of the Hesperides. The garden of the Hesperides, nymphs of the evening and golden light of sunset, is Hera’s garden in the west, where an apple tree grows which produces golden apples conferring immortality when eaten. Planted from the fruited branches that Gaia gave to Hera as a wedding gift when she wed Zeus, the garden and tree were tended by the Hesperides. After Hercules had completed his ten labours, Eurystheus gave him two more, claiming that neither the Hydra counted (because Iolaus helped him) nor the Augean stables either (because he received payment for the job or because the rivers did the work). Thus the first of these two additional labours was to steal the apples from the garden of the Hesperides. During this labour, Hercules had to take the vault of the heavens on his shoulders to relieve Atlas, who was the father of the Hesperides and could therefore persuade them to give up the apples. Having obtained the apples Atlas, relieved of his burden, was unwilling to take it back and offered to deliver the apples in Hercules’ stead. Hercules however tricked him by agreeing to take his place on condition that Atlas relieve him temporarily so that he could make his cloak more comfortable. Hercules was thus able to complete the task; as for the apples, as property of the gods, they had to be returned to the garden from which they had been removed, a task that Athena completed on Hercules’ behalf. In later years it was thought that the ‘golden apples’ might have actually been oranges, a fruit unknown to Europe and the Mediterranean before the Middle Ages. Under this assumption, the Greek botanical name chosen for all citrus species was Hesperidoeide (‘hesperidoids’ and even today the Greek word for the orange fruit is ‘Portokali’ after the country of Portugal in Iberia near where the Garden of the Hesperides was thought to grow. Struck in the east of the Empire at the new mint of Nicomedia, this coin was most probably produced in response to the increase in bureaucracy that the appointment of the two new Caesars in 293 will have occasioned, as well as the ever present needs of the army protecting the eastern frontier of the Empire.
Etruria, Populonia Æ Triens. Late 3rd century BC. Head of Menvra right, wearing Corinthian helmet, •••• below / Etruscan legend 'pvplvna', owl facing with wings spread, •••• between; countermarked crescent over line with two pellets. EC I, 133.26 (this coin); HN Italy 184; Sambon 114. 20.14g, 30mm, 11h. Very Fine, weakly struck. Rare. From the VCV Collection. The main bronze issues are made up of various denominations tariffed in unciae (represented by pellets) on a weight standard based on a nominal bronze as of 81g which was extant in Rome after the post-semilibral phase of c. 215-212 BC (Crawford 1974, 41).
Etruria, Luca (?) AR 5 Units. Circa 325-300 BC. Laureate young male head right, Λ behind, dotted border / Blank. EC I, 4.30 (this coin): HN Italy 97; Sambon 101. 11.18g, 23mm. Good Very Fine. From the VCV Collection; Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 29, 11 May 2005, lot 1. Luca (Modern Lucca) was originally inhabited by a Ligurian population, 20 km inland from the Tyrrhenian Sea and located on an island in the river Auser (Serchio); its territory reached the Arno to the southeast and hence the Etruscan frontier. Numerous recent site finds of Ligurian and Etruscan material excavated by the local superintendency in the surrounding area point to an aggressive confrontation of the two cultures from the fifth century BC, probably with alternating Ligurian and Etruscan occupations. Etruscan coin finds from nearby Gattaiola near Lucca, Ponte Gini in Orentano and Bora dei Frati in Versilia, make it virtually certain that by the third century BC Luca was an Etruscan city, the remains of which probably lie beneath the subsequent Roman and medieval town. Luca may have been an outpost of Volterrae, the principal city-state of northwest Etruria, or of Pisae, which from the end of the 6th century had become an important Etruscan centre extending its influence into Versilia and Pian di Lucca. The hippocamp series used a highly original system with value marks CC and C. It is struck on the same weight standard as Populonia's second Gorgoneion series, but with the 10-units curiously expressed in two multiples of five, CC (5+5 = 10).
Etruria, Populonia Æ Sextans. Late 3rd century BC. Diademed head of young Hercle right, club over shoulder / Etruscan legend 'pvplvna', bow, arrow and club, •••• between. EC I, 136.15 (this coin); HN Italy 187; Sambon 116. 12.22g, 28mm, 5h. Good Very Fine. Rare, and unusually well preserved for this issue. From the VCV Collection.
Etruria, Populonia Æ 11 Units. Late 3rd century BC. Bust of Turms right, wearing winged petasos, crescent to left / Etruscan legend 'pvplvna' between two caducei, X/ between. EC I, 139.3 (this coin); HN Italy 190. 12.53g, 27mm, 11h. Very Fine, light sage-green patina and unusually good for this issue. Rare; only two examples on CoinArchives. From the VCV Collection.
Etruria, Populonia Æ Triens of 10 Units. Late 3rd century BC. Bust of Sethlans right, wearing pileus decorated with laurel-wreath, X behind / Etruscan legend 'pvplvna' below hammer and tongs, •••• between. ECI, 140.54 (this coin); HN Italy 195; Sambon 119. 8.04g, 24mm, 3h. Very Fine. Rare. From the VCV Collection. The final bronze issues (EC I, 139-140) are also tariffed with X and /X and may be metrologically connected with the remarkable struck bronze coins with incuse reverse and marks of value 1 to 100, cf. Uncertain Central Italy, EC I, 1-17.
Michael IV the Paphlagonian AV Histamenon Nomisma. Thessalonica, AD 1034-1041. + IhS XIS RЄX RЄGNANTI hM, Christ seated on backless throne facing, bearded, with crossed nimbus, wearing chiton and himation, raising hand to side in benediction and holding Gospels by spine / + MI XΛHL ΔЄSΠOT, Standing facing figures of archangel Michael, winged, wearing chlamys, and Michael IV, bearded, wearing loros and crown with pendilia, holding left hand on breast; between them, they hold labarum with diamond of four pellets; above crown, hand of God. DOC 2; Sear 1826 (Michael V). 4.40g, 25mm, 5h. Near Extremely Fine. Extremely Rare, believed to be one of fewer than ten known examples. Michael the Paphlagonian was the chamberlain of the empress Zoe, wife of Romanos III. The pair soon became lovers, and just a day after the demise of the emperor (in suspicious circumstances), they were married, and Michael was crowned emperor. Though uneducated, Michael proved to be a good and courageous leader, but his reign was cut short by severe epilepsy and dropsy. This extremely rare coin has variously been attributed to Michael IV, Michael V, Michael VI and Michael VII. Current scholarship assigns it to Michael IV (see M. F Hendy, ‘Michael IV and Harold Hardrada’, in: NC 1970, S. 187-197), on the basis that coins of the Danish king Sveyn II Estridsson (1047-1075) mimic this extremely rare type, the proposed reason being that Harold Sigurtharson (later called Hardrada), future King of Norway and nearly of England, would have brought these coins brought back with him when he returned home from his time in the Byzantine emperor Michaels IV’s Varangian Guard. Harald served with distinction under Michael IV, winning great honour, and according to his skald (poet) Tjodolv Arnorsson, Harald participated in no fewer than eighteen greater battles during his Byzantine military career. Harald’s favour at the imperial court quickly declined after the death of Michael IV in December 1041, which was followed by conflicts between new emperor Michael V and the powerful empress Zoe. After Zoe had been restored to the throne in June 1042 together with Constantine IX, Harald requested to be allowed to return to Norway. Although Zoe refused to allow this, Harald managed to escape into the Bosphorus with two ships and some loyal followers,though the second ship was destroyed by the Byzantine cross-strait iron chains. Despite the manner of his departure, Kekaumenos lauds the ‘loyalty and love’ Harald had for the empire, which he reportedly maintained even after he returned to Norway and became king.
Etruria, Populonia Æ Triens of 10 Units. Late 3rd century BC. Bust of Sethlans right, wearing pileus decorated with laurel-wreath, X behind / Etruscan legend 'pvplvna' below hammer and tongs, •••• between. ECI, 140.102 (this coin, countermarked radiate circle and ••••; cf. HN Italy 195 note. 7.38g, 25mm, 5h. Very Fine. Very Rare. From the VCV Collection.
A collection of silver £5 commemorative coins comprising 2013 HRH Prince George of Cambridge ,2008 Spitfire,2009 Mini, 2008 Queen Elizabeth I, 2007 coloured Maple Leaf, £2 silver 2008 Olympic hand over ceremony, Cupro-Nickel Millennium £5 coin, 2013 Silver £20 proof coin, 1953 coronation coin and Britain's first Decimal coin set, all boxed with paperwork (10)
1154 to 1662 AD. Group comprising: Henry II (Tealby cut halfpenny, Exeter, moneyer Guncelin); short cross series (9; penny, 7 cut halfpennes, cut farthing); Henry III, voided long cross (4; 3 cut halfpennies, cut farthing); Long cross series (10; pennies and halfpennies); Tudor issues (6, Henry VII to Elizabeth I); continental issues (6; including Venice and Netherlands); with a Byzantine silver coin (pierced). 22.69 grams total. ("). Metal detecting finds from southern England; findspots unknown. [37, No Reserve]
1485-1649 AD. Group comprising: Henry VII (Durham, sovereign penny); Henry VIII (2; base groat (broken), Bristol facing bust penny); Mary (groat); Elizabeth I (10; sixpences (1563, 1569, 1572 (broken)), threepences (1566, 1602 and another), halfgroat, 3 pennies); James I, Ireland (3; sixpences); Charles I (3; halfgroat, 2 pennies); with one uncertain and a continental small coin. 33.90 grams total. ("). Metal detecting finds from southern England; findspots unknown. [22, No Reserve]
20th century AD. Group comprising: promotional card wallet issued by Campbell's Soups Ltd as part of their '£1,000,000 Great British Shareout', containing eight Bank of England one pound notes (D. H. F. Somerset, issued 1981-1984); promotional card and wallet issued by Sharps as their 'Coin Offer' and holding five 20 pence coins (dated 1982); with a Pobjoy Mint medallion for the 1977 Silver Jubilee inscribed 'PRIORITY COLLECTORS REGISTER POBJOY MINT LIMITED to the reverse (in case and packaging of issue) and 'World Cup Willie' medallion for the 1966 World Cup Championship (in capsule of issue). 154 grams total. ("). [4, No Reserve]
14-37 AD. Lyons mint. Obv: TI CAESAR DIVI AVG AVGVSTVS legend with laureate head right. Rev: PONTIF MAXIM legend with Livia, as Pax, seated right on throne, holding long sceptre and olive branch, chair legs ornamented, single line below. RIC 30; RSC 16a; Sear 1763. 3.17 grams. ("). Ex Walter Steinberg collection; with envelope. This coin is usually referred to as the 'Tribute Penny', from the biblical reference in the gospel of Saint Mark (12:14-17) where Jesus responds Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's after being challenged regarding tribute to Caesar. [No Reserve]
14-37 AD. Lyons mint. Obv: TI CAESAR DIVI AVG AVGVSTVS legend with laureate head right. Rev: PONTIF MAXIM legend with Livia, as Pax, seated right on throne, holding long sceptre and olive branch, chair legs ornamented, single line below. RIC 30; RSC 16a; Sear 1763. 3.39 grams. ("). Ex Walter Steinberg collection; with envelope. This coin is usually referred to as the 'Tribute Penny', from the reference in the gospel of Saint Mark (12:14-17) where Jesus responds Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's after being challenged regarding tribute to Caesar. [No Reserve]
. Group comprising: red leatherette case to hold twenty-four silver proof Liberia 'The World's Greatest Conquerors Official Coin Collection' 20 dollars coins in capsules of issue, in two trays, with recess below for explanatory cards; with a Royal Mint blue plush case, with pamphlet and Certificate for the silver proof 1999 Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial 5 pounds coin in capsule of issue (see Spink 4551) and a Pobjoy mint red leatherette case for a single crown-sized coin in capsule of issue. 1.08 Kg total, 26 x 19cm, 10.5 x 9cm and 7.5 x 7.5cm. ("). [3, No Reserve]
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