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δ Nigel Cooke (British b.1973) - Francis Bacon's Studio Oil on canvas 25.5 x 35.5cm (10 x 14in.) Painted in 2000. Provenance: Modern Art, London Acquired directly from the above by the present owner in 2007 Cooke is known for his realist paintings tinged with abstraction. His work often depicts scenes of urban decay symbolising the degeneration of the cultural landscape. Many, like the present work, make direct reference to art history and, in particular to his artistic influences such as Van Gogh, Philip Guston and Francis Bacon. Bacon was one of the Cooke's formative influences. The rawness of Bacon's paintings appealed to Cooke who described Bacon's work as " magical, this real presence of the uniqueness of the vision. I was spellbound by the idea of living with something that you make, that's like a character, but a thing in the world that's got its own life." (quoted in 'Interview Magazine', 21st September 2015). IMPORTANT: This lot is sold subject to Artists Resale Rights, details of which can be found in our Terms and Conditions.

Group of three Beswick figures of dalmatians together with a Lingard 1930's pottery teapot ' The Old Lady Who Lived in a Shoe ' (a/f)

Military Orders and Medals, Single Campaign Medals, 1877-79 South Africa Medal to a 1st Boer War Casualty, awarded to Private J. Maynard, 94th Foot, who was killed in action at Bronkhorst Spruit, 20 December 1880, comprising South Africa Medal 1877-79, 1 clasp, 1879 (1827 Pte J. Maynard, 94th Foot), toned, good very fine *ex DNW 13 December 2007, lot 297. 1827 Private Joseph Maynard, 94th Foot, was killed in action at Bronkhorst Spruit, 20 December 1880, during the First Boer War, 1880-81. The Battle of Bronkhorstspruit, 20 December 1880 - South African Military History Society – Journal Vol 5 No. ‘Several Boers were emphatic that the British had set their rifle sights at 400 yards and that, when the Boers moved forward, the British failed to re-sight their rifles and that their shots, for the most part, went high over the heads of the Boers...This statement is based on inspection of the rifles captured, and are borne out by Conductor Egerton who stated ‘the 94th fought remarkably well, but their fire did not seem to take effect; they did not seem to know the range, and all the officers were down’. During the ten to fifteen minutes the action lasted the 94th had 77 men killed and 157 wounded - these figures exclude the prisoners also taken by the Boers. Sold with a copied account of the action and an extract from ‘British Casualties of The First Boer War 1880-81’ (Lovell and Prior) showing medal and clasp entitlement.

Military Orders and Medals, Single Campaign Medals, A Single British War Medal to Worker Grace Charlotte Horne, Queen Mary’s Auxiliary Corps (4756 Wkr. G.C. Horn Q.M.A.A.C.), toned The Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (1917–1918), later named the Queen Mary’s Army Auxiliary Corps (1918–1920), was the women’s unit of the British Army during and immediately after the Great War. It was formally instituted on 7 July, 1917 by Sir Neville Macready, the Adjutant General, who had appointed Dr Mona Chalmers Watson the first Chief Controller and senior officer. Over 57,000 women served between January 1917 and November 1918. On 31 March 1917 women in the WAAC were first sent to the battlefields in France, just 14 cooks and waitresses. In 1918 women medical personnel were sent to the front in France. The corps was disbanded in September 1921. After the German air raid in September 1940 which damaged the Army Records Office based in London most of the WAAC service records were destroyed. Worker Grace Horn’s papers are amongst those that did not survive. Sold with copied Medal Index card.

Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, A 1916 Montauban/Dantzig Alley Officer Casualty, 8th Battalion Queen’s (Royal West Surrey Regiment), awarded to 2nd Lieutenant T. R. Castle, a pre-war poet and associate of the Bloomsbury Group, comprising: 1914-1920 British War and Victory Medals (2.Lieut T. R. Castle); Memorial Plaque (Tudor Ralph Castle), War Medal lightly toned, Victory Medal as issued, Plaque very fine, housed in velvet mount (2) To Mrs Castle – Sandy Cross, Seale, Farnham, Surrey. ‘Deeply regret to inform you that 2/Lt T.R. Castle West Surreys killed in action – August 31st – The Army Council express their sympathy’ Tudor Ralph Castle was born on 28th December 1882 at ‘Woodlands Villa’, Brentford, London. He was the second son of Eleanor Wilhelmina (Sadleir) and William Henry Castle. The family later moved to Kensington, London Tudor was admitted to Harrow School in September 1896 and resided in Mr Moss’s House, Church Hill. He went up to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1901 and graduated with a B.A. Hons in Part II of the Historical Tripos in 1904. As an undergraduate Tudor joined two Trinity poetry societies, the X Society and the Shakespeare Society, serving successively as Secretary and President of the X Society. Following graduation, Tudor travelled to India, Spain and Germany. In 1910 he was associated with Toynbee Hall, a resettlement house in Whitechapel, East London. Tudor was engaged in secretarial and literary work and was the author of a volume of poems entitled ‘The Gentle Shepherd’, published in 1908 (a photocopy of this book is included with the lot.) During these years Tudor became involved with a set of writers, artists and intellectuals known as the Bloomsbury Group, that had its origins at Cambridge University. This group included among its members Virginia and Leonard Woolf, Lytton Strachey, E.M. Forster, Duncan Grant, John Maynard Keyes, Dora Carrington and Clive Bell. In 1910 he was associated with the Dreadnought Hoax. The Dreadnought Hoax was a practical joke pulled by Horace de Vere Cole. Cole tricked the Royal Navy into showing their flagship, the battleship HMS Dreadnought, to a fake delegation of Abyssinian royals. The hoax drew attention in Britain to the emergence of the Bloomsbury Group, among whom some of Cole’s collaborators numbered. The hoax was a repeat of a similar impersonation which Cole and Adrian Stephen had organised while they were students at Cambridge in 1905 when he posed as the Sultan of Zanzibar. The Dreadnought Hoax was a similar impersonation which was suggested to Cole by a friend who was an officer on HMS Hawke to hoax their rivals on HMS Dreadnought, including Commander Willie Fisher - Stephens’ cousin - who was on the staff of the Admiral. As Virginia Woolf later recounted ‘In those days the young officers had a gay time. They were always up to some lark; and one of their chief occupations it seemed was to play jokes on each other. There were a great many rivalries and intrigues in the navy. The officers like scoring off each other. And the officers of the Hawke and the Dreadnought had a feud. ... And Cole’s friend who was on the Hawke had come to Cole, and said to him, ‘You’re a great hand at hoaxing people; couldn’t you do something to pull the leg of the Dreadnought This involved Cole and five friends - writer Virginia Stephen (later Virginia Woolf), her brother Adrian Stephen, Guy Ridley, Anthony Buxton and artist Duncan Grant - who had themselves disguised ‘by the theatrical costumier Willy Clarkson with skin darkeners and turbans to resemble members of the Abyssinian royal family.’ The main limitation of the disguises was that the ‘royals’ could not eat anything or their make-up would be ruined. Adrian Stephen took the role of ‘interpreter’. On 7 February 1910 the hoax was set in motion. Cole organised for an accomplice to send a telegram to HMS Dreadnought which was then moored in Portland Harbour, Dorset. The message said that the ship must be prepared for the visit of a group of princes from Abyssinia and was purportedly signed by Foreign Office Under-secretary Sir Charles Hardinge. Cole with his entourage went to London’s Paddington station where Cole claimed that he was ‘Herbert Cholmondeley’ of the Foreign Office and demanded a special train to Weymouth; the stationmaster arranged a VIP coach. In Weymouth, the navy welcomed the princes with an honour guard. An Abyssinian flag was not found, so the navy proceeded to use that of Zanzibar and to play Zanzibar’s national anthem.The group inspected the fleet. To show their appreciation, they communicated in a gibberish of words drawn from Latin and Greek; they asked for prayer mats and attempted to bestow fake military honours on some of the officers. Commander Fisher failed to recognise either of his cousins. When the prank was uncovered in London, the ringleader Horace de Vere Cole contacted the press and sent a photo of the ‘princes’ to the Daily Mirror. The group’s pacifist views were considered a source of embarrassment, and the Royal Navy briefly became an object of ridicule. The Navy later demanded that Cole be arrested. However, Cole and his compatriots had not broken any law. During the visit to Dreadnought, the visitors had repeatedly shown amazement or appreciation by exclaiming ‘Bunga Bunga!’ In 1915 during the First World War, HMS Dreadnought rammed and sank a German submarine - the only battleship ever to do so. Among the telegrams of congratulation was one that read ‘BUNGA BUNGA’. For his role in this affair, Tudor was threatened with possible arrest, he was never formally charged but for this, or other reasons he left England shortly after to work on a Government survey of Australia. On October the 24th 1912 Tudor married Muriel Isabel Catherine Howard. Tudor was then employed as a Land Agent on his father-in-law’s Hampton House Lodge Estate, in Seale, West Surrey. With the outbreak of the Great War, Tudor enlisted in the 19th (Service) Battalion (2nd Public Schools) Royal Fusiliers on the 15th September 1914, being given Service Number 175. He served 152 days in the ranks before being discharged to Commission on the 13th February 1915, being granted a Regular Temporary Commission in the Queen’s (Royal West Surrey Regiment). He was posted to the 8th Battalion on the 2nd July 1916, joining the battalion at Morlancourt sand pit where the Battalion was in tents training for its move to Guillemont on the 8th July. He took part in the unsuccessful attack by his Battalion on the Quarry near Guillemont, the Battalion losing 7 Officers and 89 Other Ranks, they moved out of the line after this attack returning to the Front area on the 31st August 1916 at Fricourt, moving up through Mametz to the village of Montauban and Danzig Alley Trench in preparation for their attack on Delville Wood on the 1st September. Whilst in this reserve position on the 31st August 1916 the Battalion was bombarded all day by the enemy, and it was during this bombardment that 2/Lt Castle was killed by a gas shell. He was 34 years old. He is buried in Plot 1, Row B, Grave 36 of Danzig Alley, British Cemetery, Mametz, France. His name is on the Harrow School War Memorial, the Memorial was built on the site of Mr. Moss’s House, Tudor’s House whilst he was at the school The lot is sold with copy service papers, copy of the 8th Battalion War Diary, a photocopy of his book ‘The Gentle Shepherd’, a letter from the archivist of Trinity College Cambridge and five copy photographs of Tudor, Muriel, a Battalion Officers’ photograph and an original photograph of his headstone in Dantzig Alley.

Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, A Great War Edward VII Manchester Regiment Territorial Efficiency Casualty Group of three, awarded to Serjeant H. Lingard 8th Battalion King’s Own Royal Lancaster Regiment late 7th Battalion The Manchester Regiment who was Killed in Action near Arras on the 12th May 1917, comprising: 1914-1920 British War and Victory Medals (25645 Sjt. H. Lingard. R. Lanc. R.); Territorial Force Efficiency Medal EVII (445Cpl H. Lincard. 7/Manch. Regt), one of only 62 TFEMs to the Manchester Regiment, note spelling on TFEM, lightly toned, fine (3) Henry Lingard was born in All Saints in 1878 and lived in Manchester. He joined the Volunteers circa 1897 and probably served with the 4th Volunteer Battalion Manchester Regt, which became the 7th Manchester regiment on the 1st April 1908 when the Territorial Force was formed. His Territorial Force Efficiency Medal was announced in Army Orders of July 1909 after 12 years’ service. On the 2nd September 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the Great War, Henry re-enlisted into 16th Manchester Pals Battalion and transferred back to 7th Battalion the Manchester Regiment. He transferred again into 8th Battalion King’s Own Royal Lancaster Regiment on the 8th October 1916, prior to serving in France and Flanders; he was Killed in Action on the 12th May 1917, his body was not located after the war and he is commemorated on the Arras Memorial.

Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, A Great War King’s Own Scottish Borderers German Spring Offensive Casualty and related family Order of St John Service Medal and Masonic Certificates, comprising: a 1914-1919 Victory Medal (40518 Pte. Masters. K.O. Sco. Bord.), with his Green Fibre Identity Tag also 1922 Record Office Letter of condolence and bestowal, plus original Box of Issue and OHMS Registered Envelope addressed to Mrs Masters, 20 Lordship Park, Stoke Newington, London N16; with an Order of St John Service Medal (15238 A/Sis A. Masters Hampstead NSG Div. No.1 DisS SJAB 1936) with ‘5 Year’ Laurel Bar (Acting Sister, Hampstead Nursing Division), Victory Medal very fine, small verdigris spot on rim; Order of St John lightly toned, fine, mounted as worn, with original ‘Lamb and Co’ velvet lined presentation case (2) Cyril Vernon Masters was born in Hackney and lived Stoke Newington. He was Killed in Action on the 25th April 1918, his body was not located after the war and he is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial, Passchendaele, Belgium. Sold with two related Masonic Certificates awarded to his father – the first presented to Brother James Masters who was admitted to the Third Degree, at Ranelagh Lodge No.834, London on the 22nd October 1902. The second to Companion James Masters, Royal Arch Mason, who was admitted into the Holy Royal Arch; Royal Edward Chapter, No.1489, London on 3rd November 1903.

Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, The Interesting Indian Police Medal and India General Service Medal Pair, awarded to Captain D. G. R. Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal, comprising: Indian Police Medal For Distinguished Conduct, GVR (Captain Douglas Godwin Russel Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal), named in running script; India General Service Medal 1908-1935, two clasps Waziristan 1919-21, Waziristan 1921-24 (2-Lieut. D.G.R. Leonard. 1-6 Infy.), toned, very fine, mounted for wear (2) Sold with corresponding miniatures, ribband bars, 9 JATS collar badge, a miniature Volunteer Long Service Medal, GVR, a comprehensive collection of military letter eads and regiments ribbons in four albums and ten cigarette tins. Also full correspondence envelopes. And one of Leonard’s prized possessions, an unopened, 1865 vintage bottle of cognac. At the beginning of British rule in India, the Government generally was dependent on the village-watch system for the collection of information about crime and socio-religious developments from the remote areas. There was hardly any organized system of reporting of information of a political nature. Another channel of information of the local administration was their personal contacts with the Zamindars and other influential persons of the society. At the beginning of 19th century, the appointment of a class of functionaries known as ‘Goindahs’ is noticed, but these Goindahs, meaning spies, were generally appointed to the suspected Thanas with instructions to keep track and report the activities of the Darogas. The need for collection of political intelligence arose with the growth of political consciousness and political institutions in India. In fact, the history of intelligence organization is linked with the history of national awakening and the development of organized political activities in the country. Formation of Intelligence Wing during British Rule As the Congress movement was taking off, Dufferin became aware of the inadequacy of the system of collection of political intelligence and saw in the Indian National Congress, a threat to the stability of the Empire, as there was no other political movement at that time raging in the country. In response to Dufferin’s proposal, the Secretary of State for India issued an order on December 22, 1887 for setting up a Central Special Branch and also Special Branches of the Police Department at the headquarters of each provincial Government. In the beginning, the Central Special Branch did not have any unit solely under its control. It was merely collating and compiling reports received from the provincial Special Branches. But in the far-flung areas of the Empire, there was a need for collecting military intelligence. In 1901 it was, therefore, decided that the Central Special Branch, which was responsible only for the collection of political intelligence, should be expanded to include a small staff of selective detective agents, to be employed to monitor political movements and also to deal with those forms of organized crimes which extended beyond the limits of a single province. Formation of C.I.D In 1906, when the provincial Criminal Investigation Department was formed, there was no organizational linkage between the Special Branch already existing and the C.I.D. Both functioned separately - one as part of the office of the Inspector General of Police, Bengal, while the other was headed by a Deputy Inspector General who was in charge of the C.I.D. and Railways. Even during the Swadeshi Movement of 1905 following the Partition of Bengal, the Special Branch which was being headed by Denham at that time, was monitoring the Movement with its meagre resources. The C.I.D. was at that time divided into two sections - one, the criminal side, investigating ordinary crimes and the other, the political side, acting as auxiliary to the Special Branch and investigating political crimes and offences arising out of political agitation. The Special Branch had long been attached to the office of the Inspector General of Police. In 1908 it had to be shifted to a rented office at 41, Park Street which also accommodated the C.I.D. Denham was then acting as Special Assistant to the Inspector General of Police and was in charge of the Special Branch. His services were transferred to C.I.D. as Special Assistant to D.I.G., C.I.D. in charge of the Special Branch. The traumatic events of 1908, however, called for considerable expansion of the Special Branch. New building for Special Branch As 41, Park Street was known to have housed the C.I.D; the functioning of the Special Branch from this building would be somewhat difficult - the Secrecy was not likely to be maintained in an open office. So, 7, Kyd Street was rented for the purpose of opening a secret office of the Special Branch. The Government of India attached great importance to the Bengal Special Branch in view of the fact that Bengal was at that time the epicentre of political agitation and terrorist activities. In no other province the Special Branch was recognized and strengthened in the manner it was done in Bengal. The staffs of the Intelligence Branch were substantially increased during the First World War when a full time Deputy Inspector General of Police was appointed to head the Branch. The Intelligence Branch Office The Intelligence Branch used to have two main divisions. (i) Secret Service Division and (ii) the branches responsible for processing and dissemination of intelligence. The Secret Service Branch used to deal with intelligence collection and for this they were dependant primarily on the agents. Agents were the paid informers of the Branch. The officers with special aptitude for recruiting agents were selected for Intelligence Branch. Besides the Secret Service Branch, the processing and dissemination of Intelligence used to be done by other branches in the I.B. office. The Confidential Section used to do the sheet-indexing and from there, the particulars of suspects used to go to Indexing Section for card-indexing. In fact the confidential Section alone used to handle the folders containing the reports of the agents. That is why precaution was taken to ensure secrecy as leakage of the source report might lead to the disclosure of identity of the sources. Besides this, the Confidential Section used to maintain the records of information 

Military Orders and Medals, Groups and Single Decorations for Gallantry, A very rare Boys’ Brigade Cross For Heroism, 2nd Type, awarded to Pte Charles Clark of the 7th Company The London Boys Brigade (Pte. Charles Clark 7th London Coy. 12th Feb 1931), heavily toned but very fine detail Extract Derby Daily telegraph dated 17th March 1931: Brigade Boy’s Heroism – Girl Rescued From Canal. The Boys’ Brigade Cross for heroism has just been awarded to Private Charles Clark, of the 7th London Company, for rescuing a girl from drowning in the Grand Union Canal, Harlesden, a few weeks ago. In this case a youth was practising a dance step with a girl on the brink of the canal when the girl overbalanced and fell in. The youth dived in, and after repeated attempts to save the girl sank and was drowned. Clark was walking near-by with other boys when he heard cries for help, and, running to the towing-path, saw the girl in the water. It was a pitch dark winter’s night, and the water at this point is in a filthy condition, but Clark stripped and dived in. He succeeded in reaching the girl, but had a severe struggle with her until she became unconscious. Then he eventually managed to swim with her to the bank. The girl who was rescued was Miss Kathleen Garland, her boyfriend who tried to save her but was drowned was Arthur Watson and Charles Clark was 14 years old when he performed the rescue for which he was awarded the Boy’s Brigade Cross For Heroism. The Cross was instituted in September 1902 and the first awards were made in 1904. The cross was only awarded 194 times up to the end of 1985, including five posthumous awards. The second type award, as this is, was instituted in 1926 when the Boys’ Life Brigade amalgamated with the Boys’ Brigade, the second type has the addition of a Geneva cross behind the anchor in the centre of the obverse.

Military Orders and Medals, Single Orders and Decorations, Imperial Service Medal, GVIR, Indiae Imp 1938-48, awarded to (Florence Robbins), mounted on pin for wear, very fine Attributed to Florence Robbins, Prison Wardress, who was gazetted into the Prison Service ‘Without Competition’ – London Gazette 2nd September 1919. Sold with copy page.

Military Orders and Medals, World Orders and Decorations, Montenegro, a rare Ottoman Montenegrin War Medal 1861-1862, obv. inscription ‘Relying on the Assistance of Almighty God, Abdulaziz Khan, Sovereign of the Ottoman Empire’, rev. mountains of Montenegro, a canon and the Turkish flag, the word ‘Karadg’ (Montenegro) and the date 1279 (AD 1863), lacking original suspender, loop suspension affixed with solder, toned, very fine The medal was instituted in 1863 by Sultan Abdul Aziz and was awarded to Ottoman Forces under the command of Omar Pasha (Ottoman governor of Bosnia-Herzegovina) who were involved in the war, which was caused by the desire of Prince Nicholas I of Montenegro for independence and territorial expansion. The Montenegrin forces had an initial victory near Novo Selo but soon the numerical superiority of the Turkish forces turned the tide of the war and led to the intervention of western powers. Following the Convention of Scutari, Montenegro gained its autonomy but failed to achieve border expansion.

Cyril Davis (active 1890-1960):The Bedford Music Hall, Camden, in the manner of Sickert, oil on canvas, signed upper left, inscribed verso, 31 x 24.5 cm. Note: The Bedford was a favourite subject of Walter Sickert, who painted works similar in style to the present picture.

A framed photograph of Concord taking off, signed by Assistant Chief Test Pilot Peter Baker who flew on the first and last flights, with Certificate of Authenticity

Boer War Memorative Dish. A copper dish dish with floral shape with an inset 45mm diameter double sided white metal medalion inscribed "To the Memory of those who gave thier lives for Queen and Country. South African Campaign 1899-1900" Aprrox 95mm in diameter overall.

Memoirs of the Bastille. Containing a Full Exposition of the Mysterious Policy and Despotic Oppression of the French Government, in the Interior Administration of that State-Prison. Interspersed with a Variety of Curious Anecdotes. Translated from the French of the Celebrated Mr. Linguet, who was Imprisoned there from September 1780, to May 1782 by Simon Nicolas Henri Linguet. London, Printed for G. Kearsly by T. Spilsbury, 1783. First English edition. 12mo, bound in fours. In two parts. pp. iv, 114; 162. Contemporary ownership inscription on title page. Contemporary full mottled calf, gilt decorated spine, black leather label lettered gilt. Spine and joints rubbed, crease marks to covers, upper cover darkened at fore-edge, remains of book plate on front pastedown endpaper. Lacking pages 17, 18, 23 and 24 from the first part.

Saffron Bloom Lodge vellum documents on the National Health insurance act and the corrections to the benefits from the lodge for those who serve in H.M. Service 1913

Moorcroft vase in the 'Who Goes There' pattern, height 19cm

Rory Breslin (b.1963) WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS, 2014 bronze; (no. 2 from an edition of 5) signed on left side The first example from this edition can be found in The Academy of Letters in New Dehli. It was presented by Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade, Mr Charlie Flanagan, to the Indian Ambassador as a reciprocal gesture for the bust of Yeats' friend, Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), the Indian National poet and Nobel Laureate installed in St. Stephen's Green 2011. The bust is modelled on the series of photographs by George Charles Beresford taken in July 1911 - a pivotal year for Yeats - who worked as a photographic portraitist in Knightsbridge, London. Academics contend that Yeats' work post-1911 was strongly influenced by Ezra Pound - who he met that year - becoming more Modern in its concision and imagery. 1911 was also the year he met his future wife "Georgie" Hyde Lees and accompanied the Abbey Players on tour in the USA. 24.25 by 19.50 by 11.50in. (61.6 by 49.5 by 29.2cm)

Richard Thomas Moynan RHA (1856-1906) PORTRAIT OF AN ARMY PENSIONER AT THE ROYAL HOSPITAL, KILMAINHAM oil on board with Victor Waddington framing label on reverse The medal ribbon on the pensioner's uniform would indicate that he was a veteran of the Crimean War.The Royal Hospital Kilmainham dates back to 1680 and provided a home for retired soldiers for the around 250 years. While some pensioners surrendered their allowance to the hospital and lived within the confines as "in-pensioners", others lived outside the Hospital and received their pensions elsewhere. Pensions from the Royal Hospital Kilmainham were administered to soldiers who had served for at least 12 years in the British Army and were discharged from Irish regiments, as well as from some English, Scottish and Welsh units. 14 by 10in. (35.6 by 25.4cm)

Aloysius C. O'Kelly (1853-1936) THE DESERT CHARGE oil on canvas Family of the artist;Whyte's, 24 November 2014, lot 13;Private collection Indicative of a broader plan to destabilise Britain in Ireland, in 1883 Aloysius O'Kelly and his brother James went to Sudan to report on the British campaign against the Mahdi, James as correspondent for the Daily News and Aloysius as illustrator for the Pictorial World. With them were a number of French revolutionaries and Socialists who had forged alliances with Irish militant and cultural Nationalists during O'Kelly's sojourn in Paris in the 1870s. British involvement in the region was ostensibly to end the slave trade but, in reality, to extend Anglo-Egyptian influence further south.In 1881, Muhammad Ahmad ibn Abdallah declared himself the prophesied Mahdi and called for a jihad to purge Islam of the infidel and rout the foreign forces from Sudan. His fearsome reputation as a violent anti-colonialist grew over the next three years.The jihad had strong resonance for Fenian opponents of the British regime in Ireland. If 'England is engaged in a great war that will strain her resources to the utmost', wrote James O'Kelly to Michael Davitt, 'seizing some critical moment [if we] attack her with all our power... we help ourselves by promoting the long wished for "opportunity".' There was much at stake; according to the Victorian domino theory, Irish demands for Home Rule constituted the beginning of the disintegration of the empire. The mantra, that Britain's pain was Ireland's gain, was given powerful visual expression by O'Kelly. This work is part of a unique series of paintings and illustrations of these events. Most war artists acted, in effect, as public relations personnel for Britain's colonial projects overseas. O'Kelly's decision to cover the colonial war from behind the battle lines of Britain's enemy was thus an act of remarkable audacity.O'Kelly painted many scenes in the Orientalist manner of his master, Jean-Léon Gérôme. But desert skirmishes, such as this, full of colour and movement, gave rise to several virtuoso paintings by O'Kelly that are unusual in that they demonstrate an early application of Impressionist technique to an Orientalist subject, a further indication of O'Kelly's originality. O'Kelly was at his best when adapting an aesthetic subversion to a political one.Professor Niamh O'SullivanInaugural Curator, Great Hunger Museum, Hamden, Connecticut (USA) and Professor Emeritus of Visual Culture, National College of Art and Design, Dublin, author of Aloysius O'Kelly: Art, Nation, Empire, Field Day Publications, 2010. 18 by 30in. (45.7 by 76.2cm)

Eileen Reid (1894-1981) VENICE, 1925 oil on canvas signed under her maiden name [Oulton] and dated on reverse 'Irish Women Artists 1870-1970 - Summer Loan Exhibition', 8-31 July, Adam's, Dublin & 7 August to 5 September, Ava Gallery, Clandeboye, Co. Down, catalogue no. 62 Born Eileen Oulton, she lived most of her life at 19 Upper Mount Street, Dublin. Interested in both art and music, she studied first at the Royal Irish Academy of Music and later at the RA School of Art in London. Her early paintings show the influence of Sir William Orpen who was a friend of the family. She married Harry Reid in 1923 but was widowed within a year, and soon afterwards abandoned oil painting in favour of watercolours. She was secretary of the WCSI for over 30 years, allowing administrative work to come before her own art. A retrospective of works remaining in her studio was held after her death in 1984. 18 by 14in. (45.7 by 35.6cm)

Kenneth Hall (1913-1946) BATTERSEA, LONDON, 1937 watercolour over ink signed lower left; inscribed with title and dated [12.7.'37] verso; with Frederick Gallery exhibition label and copy of a letter [To my very dear Lucy... from your dearest friend, Kenneth] on reverse Frederick Gallery, Dublin;Private collection 'Summer Exhibition', Frederick Gallery, Dublin, 1999, no. 39 The 'Lucy' mentioned in the copy of the letter on reverse is most likely to be Lucy Carrington Wertheim (1883–1971), the British gallerist who was hugely influencial in Hall's career as well as Basil Rákóczi among many others. 5 by 7in. (12.7 by 17.8cm)

Gerard Dillon (1916-1971) ITALIAN WITH FOWL, 1948 oil on board signed lower left; titled on reverse; with Irish Exhibition of Living Art label on reverse Purchased directly from the artist;Private collection;Adam's, 1 June 2011, lot 80;Private collection Irish Exhibition of Living Art, Dublin, 1949, catalogue no. 65 The inspiration for Italian with Fowl is Gerard Dillon's visit to Italy in the summer of 1947. Travelling with his friend Pino Saglietti, who had family in Borgotaro in Northern Italy, Dillon visited Florence, Lucca and Parma where he saw some of the highlights of Italian art and architecture. Much to Pino's chagrin, Dillon was not impressed by the wonders of Italian art history and reputedly told his friend, 'I can't be bothered with all those old things. I am only interested in the world around me and the people in it. Anyhow I can't paint in Italy, everything is too bright and gleaming'. 1. Despite this statement, Dillon found that he could work once they returned to the country. He found the rustic way of life there much more interesting and inspiring than the grandeur of Italian history and joked to Pino that Borgotaro was not Italy but 'Ireland up the hills'. 2. Dillon exhibited three paintings inspired by his time in Italy in the Exhibition of Living Art in 1949. Italian Washerwoman, Memory Pool and Italian with Fowl, all depict ordinary villagers going about their daily work. In Memory Pool a woman imagines a young, handsome man whose image appears in the pool. The boy's reflection is reminiscent of the figure in Italian with Fowl and both share the dark good looks that Dillon admired in his friends Dan O'Neill and Tom Davidson.If we compare Italian with Fowl with contemporary images that Dillon painted in the west of Ireland it is only the characteristic shape of Cypress trees and the architecture of the church that suggest the Italian setting. It is tempting to read some cultural significance into the black and white hens, though whether they are being prepared for sport or for slaughter is unclear. Arguably, if it were not for the title, it would be possible to situate this image in the west of Ireland where Dillon found so much of his inspiration. Dr Riann CoulterOctober 2017 1. Gerard Dillon, quoted in Gerard Dillon: An Illustrated Biography, James White, Wolfhound Press, Dublin, 1994, p. 58.2. Ibid. 24 by 20in. (61 by 50.8cm)

Daniel O'Neill (1920-1974) GIRLS AND DOGS oil on board signed lower left; titled on reverse; also numbered [No. 24] on exhibition label on reverse Waddington Gallery, Dublin, where purchased by the parents of the present owner In this vibrantly coloured scene, three girls hold, and interact, with a collection of dogs; from those nestled on their laps or in the crook of their arms, to a larger companion who happily receives a pat on his head. The composition is unified by O'Neill's use of bright, sky and turquoise blues, moving from left to right across the canvas, and repeated on the sleeve, dress, and face of the respective figures. The layered and often thickly applied paint is characteristic of O'Neill's technique. This is particularly noticeable in this canvas through the rendering of the girls' hair, where patches of ochre and gold catch the eye; O'Neill also uses the palette knife to suggest the different materials of the girls' clothes. Writing about the artist in 1946, Cecil Ffrench Salkeld noted that texture was 'one of O'Neill's strongest weapons, and it is a weapon that he uses with great subtlety', and that is certainly evident in this painting. 1 Although ostensibly engaged in movement, there is a sense of stillness to the three figures; their downcast eyes suggest that each is in rapt concentration. The ambiguity of the dogs (are they stuffed toys, or real animals?), and the marionette-like features of the centre and right hand figures lend a somewhat surreal atmosphere to the painting. As O'Neill's art developed from the 1950s onwards, this uncanny air was embraced, finding full expression in his depictions of figures in landscape settings. The subject and colouring of Girls and Dogs is similar to other works exhibited by O'Neill in the mid-1950s, such as Girl Fiesta (AIB Collection). A comparable work by the artist, Three Children (deVeres, 2013), is less finely rendered, but repeats the motif of three children with animals. The hand-carved Waddington frame is a testament to the relationship between O'Neill and the well-known Dublin gallerist and art dealer, Victor Waddington. In 1945, O'Neill was taken on by Waddington, and several solo exhibitions of his work were held there through the 1940s and 1950s. With the income from the Waddington Gallery, O'Neill was able to focus on his painting without distraction; having previously worked as an electrician and housepainter in Belfast and London. In addition to solo exhibitions in Dublin, O'Neill's art was shown in London, Belfast, Montreal and other North American cities.Dr Kathryn Milligan October 2017 1. Cecil Ffrench Salkeld, 'Daniel O'Neill, A Critical Appreciation', Envoy 1:1, December 1949 18 by 24in. (45.7 by 61cm)

Louis le Brocquy HRHA (1916-2012) PEONY, 1991 oil on canvas signed, titled, dated and with artist's archival number [588] on reverse Hillsboro Fine Art, Dublin, where purchased by the present owner, circa1997 10 by 12in. (25.4 by 30.5cm) Presented in the original frame chosen by the artist's wife, Anne Madden. A letter from the artist to the present owner accompanies this lot. "…I feel very humble on receiving your wonderful letter…, for it is rare for an artist to be given to feel that his occasional glimpses of spiritual insight have somehow managed to move another person. Thank you.   In fact your painting was inspired by a small work by Édouard Manet [French Realist and Impressionist painter, 1832-1883] which I believe I first saw at The Orangerie in the Paris of 1938!   Yes, the frame was something of a challenge in itself and in painting your Peony I certainly had it in mind. A second related painting I gave my wife, Anne Madden in memory of her peony which had last bloomed during the previous summer…" Louis le Brocquy Les Combes, Carros, France 23 January 2000 Most le Brocquy paintings are palimpsests, one layer folds over another and provide different vantage points from which to view. As the title suggests this is a peony. Such flowers thrive around the Mediterranean in springtime or early summer, ranging in colour from deep purple to pure white. Mythologically, they are named for Paeon, student of Asclepius, Greek God of healing. The master became jealous of his protégé, who, for his own safety, was turned by Zeus into a flower. In Asia the Peony is valued more for the healing properties of its seeds than the beauty of its appearance. Everything depends upon the eye of the beholder. le Brocquy's wife, Anne, an illustrious painter in her own right, had grown this peony in her garden. It was the last of them. He painted it in homage to her. And so, at another level again, this peony is transfused with love. A delicate eroticism pervades its fragrance comparable to his later 1998 series of watercolours titled 'Being,' where the human body is an organism in flower. At the painterly level, Peony was sparked by a viewing, half a century previously, of Édouard Manet, who supposedly invented 'Modernity,' at the Orangerie in Paris in 1938. Manet grew peonies in his garden at Gennevilliers. It was his favourite flower. Those deep lobes and varied hues corresponded to his subtle harmonics. But Manet was his own man where convention and tradition were concerned. Modernity for him was as much a question of choosing as resisting influences from the past: he painted as things were and without much concern for established practice of brushstroke or perspective. In his wake, this is a le Brocquy as much as it is a Peony. Finally, the painting reveals a world through the petals of a flower. As Empress Michiko of Japan would say to the artist in January of the year after the painting was completed: 'I think you are trying to reach something behind and beyond, which goes to the essence.' This Peony brings in its train a swarming teeming underground metropolis. Dom Mark Patrick Hederman, OSB October 2017 Former Abbot of Glenstal Abbey, Co. Limerick, Hederman was among those Louis le Brocquy choose to speak at his funeral service at St. Patrick's Catherdral in 2012.

Ian Fleming The Spy Who Loved Me 1st Edition with outer dust covers, Copyright Ian Fleming 1962

MARQUIS OF SURVILLE: (1755-1798) Officer of the Condé army who would later work in secret missions for future King Louis XVIII. Accused of conspiracy, he was arrested and executed. L.S., Surville, one page, oblong small 8vo, Viviers, 3rd February 1792. The document being the acknowledgment of a debt. Small overall, minor age wear, G £80-100

MORAND JOSEPH: (1757-1813) French General, mortally wounded at Lunebourg, Germany. L.S., `Morand´, two pages, folio, Luxembourg, 21st March 1798, to Geirges Malraison, in French. Morand, in his capacity of Commandant of the city of Luxembourg refers to gendarme Malraison, stating `..who has been shot in action close to Courtai, not being able to continue with his service at army..´ The document bears three ink stamps from the headquarters of Luxembourg, the National Gendarmerie and war commissar. Countersigned by several members of the committee, gendarmes, officers, etc.. Small overall, minor age wear. Folded. G £100-150

ROCH LEDRU DES ESSARTS FRANÇOIS: (1770-1844) French General, considered one of the most valorous Napoleon´s Generals, notably in the Moskova battle. A good and lengthy A.L.S., `Ledru´ four pages, 4to, Ferrare, 20th April 1798, to his sister, in French. With the written heading of the Italy army, Ledru des Essarts before departing that same night with his battalion to control the Cisalpine-tartaro boundary, writes to his sister, stating in part `The Austrian regiment in charge of the other side of the boundary is precisely the same which I faced a year ago near Vienna… I hope being able to exchange some laughs together with the Colonel of that regiment who, let me tell you, is more French than Austrian, and who even was honest enough to send me some Italian brochures shipped to me from Frioul..´ further saying `..It is time now that the two councils are composed by pure patriots in order to consolidate the republic and make all those who intend to create trouble will lose any kind of hope..´ further again concluding `Italy is quite calm now, but some troop movements are announcing prompt changes..´ VG £150-200

LE BLOND DE SAINT-HILAIRE LOUIS: (1766-1809) Cavalry General. Killed in the Essling battle. Napoleon ordered his burial in the Pantheon alongside Marshal Lannes. L.S., S. Hilaire, two pages, 4to, Rouen Headquarters, 11th April 1801, to the Seine prefect, in French. The partially printed document, bearing a very attractive heading showing Le Blond de Saint Hilaire´s coat of arms, name and rank, reports on his decision of supressing the jury in charge of the claims received because of the abuse on requisitions and appointing a council committee, stating `..will clarify my doubts on the legitimacy of numerous titles given with partiality…and the inconvenient of sending people to the armies with infirmities, and who should be resting..´ With blank integral leaf. Very small area of paper loss to the edge, not affecting the text or signature. VG £150-200

[14th JULY 1790]: Fête de la Fédération. 1st Anniversary of the Storm of the Bastille. The first anniversary was celebrated in Paris at the Champ-de-Mars, with the presence of King Louis XVI, and with the 83 deputies, all of them taking the oath for the Nation and Law. A good signed certificate, one page, 4to, Paris, 27th July 1790, to Faure, in French. The partially printed document bears the heading "14th July 1790", given to Elysée Faure (1765-1816?) French deputy and future Mayor of Revel, and is signed by two commissars on behalf of Mayor of Paris Jean Sylvain Bailly (1736-1793) and General Commandant of the National Guard Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834). With an attractive red wax seal in good condition showing Confédération Nationale Paris 1790. Together with an extremely rare 8 x 10 pass, being Faure´s pass to the anniversary event, showing to the front the printed words Confédération Nationale, ornated with a laurel crown, and bearing beneath his name and post in bold black ink. Also including a good printed contemporary document, being the minutes related to the French army banner taken by military veterans from the anniversary event at the Champ-de-Mars, blessing it, to the National Assembly, 14th-15th July 1790, given to M. De Saint-Priest, and which will lead to the French tricolor flag. After deliberating the National Assembly agreed to hang the banner as a `Monument to the memorable solemnity of the Federation´. Also including an attractive leather coin, a 5 sols Monneron, with a printed pattern related to the first anniversary of 14th July 1790, 0,06 pounds, (27 gr), issued in 1792. Also including two printed contemporary documents, the first comprising eight pages, 4to, Bordeaux, 14th July 1790, related to the anniversary and to the National Guards, the second of two pages, 4to, is entitled `The King´s response to the speech addressed to him and given by M. De Lafayette on behalf of all the National Guards of the Kingdom on 13th July 1790.´ Also including an interesting L.S., by Louis Lebègue Duportail, one page, folio, 20th September 1790, to the head controller, stating `Would you please make a 6043 pounds payment to the war funds in order to reimburse the expenses paid for the Swiss deputies attending the Federation anniversary, and 1040 pounds for the Holland´s officers..´ G to VG, 6 £800-1200 The Monneron Brothers were French Bankers, who were authorized to produce 2 and 5 sols coins in great quantities in the Soho factory in Birmingham from the end of 1791. These pieces of "necessity money" eased the coinage shortage then current in France and their technical and aesthetic quality was much superior to mediocre base metal issues produced by official sources. In 1792, the Monnerons went bankrupt and a law forbade this production of money. These necessity coins were in circulation until the end of 1793.Louis Lebègue Duportail (1743-1801) military councelor to George Washington during the Independence war. He created the American engineer corps and was appointed war Minister under Louis XVI.

[MUTINY OF THE NANCY GARRISON]: A.L.S., Rostan, two pages, 4to, Metz, 4th September 1790, in French. Citizen Rostan suggests to take his correspondent´s brother with him far from the revolts of Nancy, and states `..three days ago we had to send a small army to Nancy to bring back to reason the 3 regiments of the King which were uprised for the last 15 days. Because of the revolt 3 to 4 hundred people have died, but we have been able to stop the mutiny. We must expect that this harshness will hold back the others..´. Together with a very interesting and lengthy A.L.S., Dantoine Tailly, a French Officer, four pages, 4to, Metz, 4th September 1790, to his brother, in French, stating in part ´..the events just happened in Nancy will not be easily forgotten, although at today´s date we have brought back the calm; the three regiments supporting the uprising were Chateaux Vieux Suisse et Mestre de Camp, Cavalerie. The King´s regiment and the National Guard fought against the other regiments. We sent 600 men of the National Guard from Metz…M. de Bouillé leading them, a good General who came back from the American wars..After the third cannon shot the door opened and we went in..the Nancy troops betrayed the Metz ones and they shot them.. M. de Bouillé had to order the Swiss regiment to identify themselves…in order to recognize them from the other Swiss…it was a shooting chaos, we were close to lose all our Metz regiment if a cannonman wasn´t killed in the last second.. Women were throwing boiling water from their windows.. Such confrontations concluded with a horrible carnage..´ A letter of very good historical content. Also including A.L.S., Broglie, two pages, 4to, 12th September 1790, to M. de St-Victor, stating in part `..If, as I hope, severe justice is applied to the officers and soldiers of the garrison regiments of Nancy, I think that the army will recover, which is very necessary..´ Also including André Drut (1764-1818) French General. D.S., Drut, one page, folio, 26th December 1793, to lieutenant Fouque. The document refers to the officer´s services, stating `..especially his achievements during the Nancy affair..´ Also including seven contemporary printed documents, one, three, six, sixteen and fourty-three pages, dated between 16th August and 24th September 1790, all related to Nancy regiments and the mutiny and containing interesting reports. G, 11 £1000-1200The Nancy garrison, comprising three regiments, was demanding their pending salaries, and had imprisoned their own officers in August 1790. Governor Marquis de Bouillé leaded the repression and after hard street confrontation 300 people died on 31st August. In Paris, the Convention first sentenced to prison the insurgents and supported the officers repression, but soon after the escape of Varennes, the insurgents became the symbol of the oppressed people, their sentences were condemned and their rights restored. The red bonnet, used for convicts, became an emblem of the Republic.Charles Louis Victor, Prince de Broglie (1756-1794) French General and President of the Constituent Assembly. Guillotined.

VALÉE SYLVAIN: (1773-1846) French general and Marshal. A good set of three interesting A.Ls., `V´, with his initial, seven pages, 4to, Eylau, 10th & 14th February and 13th June 1807, to his wife, in French. Valée writes to his wife the day after the battles and refers to historic events and to personal matters, and states in part `..I don´t know yet if we will leave today, we are in bad conditions, crowded, 20 to 30.000 men in this small city where cannons have destroyed all glass windows. The battle of before yesterday has been one of the more sanguinary we have ever had; we are, on both sides, occupied licking our wounds. We are going to pursue the enemy, apparently they have suffered more than we have..´ In the June letter, Valée deplores the attacks couriers have suffered because of the Prussians and many deserters, and says `Here we are again, in this unfortunate city, covered by blood for the last four months, we will be most probably leaving this evening..we were expecting a huge battle yesterday at Heilsberg, same place as before yesterday, but Russians had suffered too much to take further risks. They are in retreat and as usual we run after them..General Roussel, who I believe married lady Lecourbe has been deadly wounded..´ F to G £400-600François-Xavier Roussel (1770-1807) French general, was killed in the battle of Heilsberg, 10th June 1807.

VALÉE SYLVAIN: (1773-1846) French general and Marshal. A rare and excellent set of seven A.Ls., `V´, seventeen pages, 4to, Königsberg and Tilsit, between 24th June & 11th July 1807, to his wife, in French. Valée writes to his wife referring to the historic events of the peace Treaty of Tilsit, and to personal matters, and states in part `..The Emperor keeps on running after the Russians. We are waiting for him here…Yesterday I visited a Prussian Major, mi neighbour, who has a very young and beautiful wife who is very ill after a childbed, and who speaks French..´ In June 24th, Valée states `--The Emperor remains in Tilsit, over the Neman, to treat about, they say, the peace. There are reasons that make us hope that a meeting between the Emperor and the Russian Emperor will take place, or with the King of Prussia..´ In a further letter dated 28th June, Valée says `Emperor Alexander I, after meeting twice the Emperor Napoleon in the small castle built for them in the middle of the river which is separating the two armies… Consequently they have divided the city in two parts, half for the Russians, half for us. The two Emperors are together..The Emperor Alexander is, as everybody says, is a very good looking man, not his brother Constantin. It is strange to see how people who were killing each other 8 days ago, are now living together in good harmony. Wouldn´t this prove how weaks are the reasons for such cruel and devastating wars..´ further saying `The Emperor is promising a proclamation addressed to the army, announcing that he will make us all return to France, but we have already had this hope disappointed..´ On a letter dated 30th June, Valée states referring to Russians `What the hell have we in common with these kind of heads specimen? They barely have human faces, a dressed orangutan with a hat would have the same look, some of them use arrows. All those animals remind us those wild hordes we have read about..´ Valée keeps on describing Russian soldiers, further referring to Frederick William III `The King of Prussia is always following his conqueror, thoughtful and not talking to anyone, alone…Nobody is giving attention to him, nobody cares..´ On a further letter dated 11th July, Valée states `Before yesterday the Emperors Napoleon and Alexander separated close to the Memel shore, they embraced each other, good friends apparently; Emperor Alexander returns to his deserts, I wish we will never have to see again these wild animals faces. The Queen of Prussia, with her impish look, would have confused the two masters of the universe if they had to remain longer with her..´ A set of letters with very interesting historic content. Overall age wear, with edges very slightly trimmed, few stains, otherwise G £500-800

RUFFIN FRANÇOIS: (1771-1811) French General. Ruffin died on his way to Portsmouth, after being captured in the battle of Chiclana, Spain. Unusual content A.L.S., Ruffin, three pages, 4to, Dantzig, 15th September 1807. Ruffin reports from the city of Dantzig, declared independent a month earlier, and to their day by day, stating `we don't have here much to do…we only have women, who are acceptable and in large number, and this makes them cheaper too, there are as many as paving stones, and if the unequal paving stones can make you break your leg, the general impurity of the others can provoke bitter tears…´ Small stain to the bottom right corner not affecting the text or signature, otherwise VG £150-200

HUGO JOSEPH: (1773-1828) French General in the Napoleonic wars. Father of Victor Hugo the French Writer. Scarce A.L.S., Hugo, two pages, 8vo, Avila, 2nd July 1809, to his wife, in French. Hugo reports on few bills of exchange he has received, and mentions what payments he intends to do with, stating in part `..a bill of exchange for 3236 fr to be paid to M. Ternaux on M. Dupin banker in Paris.. to pay the two quarters explained and to pay as well the third quarter which we start today. I hold in my hands another bill of exchange of six thousand francs…´ further saying `My intention is that you use this amount to pay your debts and to buy the presents I owe to the children for their progress and their good behaviour. I suppose that Abel has received my answers.´ A bold black ink written letter. Left edge very slightly irregularly trimmed, otherwise VG £100-150The present letter is written from Avila, Spain. Joseph Hugo, serving under Joseph Bonaparte, takes the control of the city of Avila in January 1809 and waits for Marshal Soult´s arrival. He is appointed Brigade General and Governor of the city in August 1809, shortly after the present letter date. He would later be appointed Count of Siguenza and in 1812 Commander in Madrid saving thousands of French during the retreat and evacuation. Sophie Françoise Trébuchet (1772-1821) wife of Joseph Hugo and mother of Victor Hugo. Sophie remained in Paris while Hugo was fighting in Spain, until 1811-1812 when several close friends of Hugo were arrested and condemned, Sophie then travelled to Madrid crossing half of Spain in war, to meet her husband. Hugo, Count of Spain, who was presenting his mistress as his wife in Madrid, asked Sophie to accept divorce. She refused in order to keep the pension, and returned to Paris with the children.Abel Hugo (1798-1855) French Officer and Writer. Elder brother of Victor Hugo.

MALET COUP OF 1812: The Malet coup was a coup d´état attempt in Paris, 23rd October 1812, intending to remove Napoleon I from power, when he was in the Russian front. The coup was engineered by Republican general Claude François Malet. The coup failed, and the leading conspirators were executed. An excellent set of five documents signed by the main participants in the coup attempt, partners in crime and few other main figures related to the coup, comprising Claude François Malet (1754-1812) French General of the Empire. Malet announced the death of Napoleon using forged documentation. Executed. D.S., Malet, one page, oblong 4to, Besançon, 28th August 1797, in his capacity as Adjutant-General to the Headquarters Staff, on the printed stationery of the Hospital of Egalité and countersigned by several officers, commissars of war. The document is a health certificate of a wounded soldier; Victor Claude Fanneau de Lahorie (1766-1812) French General, executed for collaborating with Malet in his coup. A large 16 x 13.5 document signed, `Fanneau Lahorie´, one page, Nancy, 1st October 1797. The document lists the ten members of a court-martial, with their names, ranks and military services. Also signed by General Joseph Gilot (1734-1811), François Nicolas Fririon (1766-1840) and Fanneau de Lahorie; François Antoine Desnoyers (1755-1816) French General, imprisoned from 1812 to 1814 for his participation in Malet´s coup. A.L.S., Desnoyers, one page, folio, 13th January 1795, on his printed stationery, with his name and rank, Occidental Pyrenees army; Anne Jean-Marie Savary (1774-1833) French general under revolution and Empire and minister of Police. The day before the coup d´etat, Malet seized the Minister of police and arrested Savary who was close to be killed by General Guidal, but General Lahorie intervened. An interesting L.S., with two lines holograph, one page folio, dated 25th October 1812, only two days after the coup attempt, to Jean François Dejean, President of the military Commission in charge of Malet´s court-martial. Savary states `I have taken to the Abbaye prison former General Desnoyers, and left him there at your disposal. Partner in crime of Malet, he received in his home, through his pretended aide-de-camp, a spade, a military cap, and a General uniform with a letter note explaining the events and instructing him to go to place Vendôme…´ and Pierre Augustin Hulin (1758-1841),French General who decided to take over the Bastille. Hulin was Commandant of the Headquarters in Paris at the time of the coup attempt. Hulin did not accept Malet´s orders after several questions asking for further explanations. Malet took his gun and shot, breaking Hulin´s jaw. L.S., Hulin, one page, folio, 6th February 1814, to the Duke de Feltre. Hulin refers to a letter received from General Berryer, Soisson Commandant, and requests orders based on the letter content, and mentions having forwarded a second copy to King Joseph Bonaparte, acting on behalf of Napoleon I during his absence. VG, 5 £600-900

KING´S GUARDS CORPS: An excellent set of four signed documents related to the King´s Guards, including Joseph François de Lambertye (1748-1819) French Deputy and Lieutenant General of the King´s armies abroad. Related to King George III. A.L.S., Le Cl de Lambertye, one page, 4to, London, 10th September 1799. Lambertye, in his capacity as camp Marshal, states in part `..having commanded the Maastricht second company of French in the defence of Liege, they have helped on different fronts contributing to the maintenance of peace under the orders of His Highness Monseigneur Prince Ferdinand of Wurtemberg..´ Lambertye refers to King´s Guard Jean-Baptiste Gaborit de La Brosse (1766-1851) and states `King´s Guard since 1783… loyal defender of France..´ Also bearing a small red wax seal with coat of arms. Together with a D.S., one page, folio, Maastricht, 8th April, 1793, being a certificate in favour of Jean-Baptiste Gaborit de La Brosse stating `Cavalry Lieutenant, King of France Guard, noble, military, whose honour, duty and consciousness made them leave the Kingdom during revolution… and defend the town besieged by the violent insurgents with loyalty and bravery..´ With a paper seal affixed. Also including Victurnien de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart (1752-1812) Emigrated to England where King George III appointed him to the Princes army and the lead of the Mortemart regiment. D.S., one page, oblong folio, Haarburg, 28th September 1795, being a certificate in favour of Gaborit de La Brosse. Also including Denis-Jean Marquis de Mauroy (1753-1818) King´s camp Marshal. D.S., one page, 4to, Maastricht, 25th March 1793. The partially printed document being a certificate in favour of Gaborit de la Brosse stating `A King of France Guard, Swiss Company, who served at the besiege of Maestricht under H.R.H Monseigneur the Prince of Hesse, in the Company I had the honour to command..´ Bearing a wax seal with coat of arms. VG, 4 £600-900

VENDEANS LETTERS: A good set of three A.Ls.S., `Lajonchere´, one, two and three pages respectively, 4to, sent by a Vendean during the War in the Vendée in 1793. Lajonchere reports on the situation in the Vendée, stating in part `I knew that they took away wheat from Charenton to Luçon; we must expect that this damned war which is creating so much grief will cease…´ further referring to a friend `He is going to cross the boundary. Pichard and La Caillere, who are not yet eighteen, have deserted from their battalion..´ Lajonchere also refers to the news received about the events happening on the Spanish and Savoy boundaries, and further again states `Nothing changes, I think that our Generals are planning their response for the 3rd army of the Republic... They announce huge troops. But they never arrive. Brigands have again captured the Pont-Charin. We are waiting for forks..The troops returned after killing all the Freyteau women..´ Small overall age wear, otherwise G £250-350

WEST ARMY GENERALS: A good L.S., by various French generals, including Beaupuy, Dufour, Robert and Vimeux, and Convention deputy Bo, two pages, large folio, Nantes, 19th April 1794. The cleanly written document reports on Lieutenant Colonel Jean Louis Sonier services, campaigns, wounds, etc.. Sonier served in the Indies and at the Mayence blockade, stating `..returned to France on 25th july 1793 to pursue the Vendée brigands where he was injured..during the Crisson affair on 22nd September..´ With several lines annotations by Beaupuy, Robert and Dufour to the verso. Beupuy stating `I have been an eye witness to certify that his services at the blockade of Mayence and in the Vendée war have been very useful to the Republic.´ Also bearing a red wax seal of the Ardeche volunteers to the verso. Folded. VG £200-300Michel Armand de Bacharetie de Beaupuy (1755-1796); Joseph Louis Armand Robert (1767-1796) he was the creator of the "colonnes infernales de Turreau", he committed suicide at the very early age of 29; Louis Antoine Vimeux (1737-1814); Georges Joseph Dufour (1758-1820); Jean Baptiste Bô (1743-1814) a montagnard member of the convention who replaced Carrier.

THE INFERNAL COLUMNS: The Parisian second battalion of volunteers was several times detached from the regular army to serve in the Infernal Columns of Turreau. Two interesting documents signed by Philippe Malbrancq (1750-1823) French General in the war in the Vendée. D.S., one page, folio, Vannes, 6th April 1795. Malbrancq in his capacity as Battalion chief of the Brest & Cherburg coast army issues a certificate for fusilier Duperier, stating in part `He has served in the mentioned regiment until 12th May 1793 when he has been sent to the Vendée to fight against brigands, according to law..´. Bearing a wax seal of the 2nd battalion, and Jean Jacques Schilt (1761-1842) French General who captured Rivoli in 1801. D.S., one page, 4to, Angers, 17th February 1796. The document is a certificate explaining the wounds of François Roche and demands an important pension for him having lost one of his legs and being a very young man. With several countersignatures of the second battalion officers, including the Captain Commandant of the Ocean coast battalion. VG,2 £150-200 Louis Marie Turreau (1756-1816) also known as Turreau de Garambouville, French General. He was the organisor of the “Colonnes Infernales” during the War in the Vendée, which massacred tens of thousands of Vendéens and ravaged the countryside. He would further become Ambassador to the United States. Louis Armand Robert (1767-1796) was the creator of the “colonnes infernales de Turreau”, he committed suicide at the very early age of 29.

VENDÉE DECREES: A good set of eight documents, mostly contemporary decrees, related to the War in the Vendée, twenty two pages in total, 4to, including Decree dated 1st August 1793 referring to the Vendée rebels, stating in part `..to execute the law rigorously against the deserters, traitors, and those ou through out weapons and sell their uniforms..´ further saying that the war miniter will send `all kind of combustible materials to burn the forests which will be razed, and the rebels hideouts destroyed.. When the army will be organized we will march towards the rebels with all citizens aged between 16 and 60..´ . Two more decrees dated 1st May 1793 and 4th October 1793, report on the good citizens who have defended their homeland fighting against fanaticism and preventing a civil war. Decree dated 2nd November 1793, stating in part `Any one helping, receiving or welcoming brigands in any way, or not doing or using all their capacities to repel them, will be punished in the same way we punish rebel villages, therefore his belongings will be confiscated and his house razed, in the name and profit of the Republic..´; Together with Jean Jacques de Chambarlhac (1754-1826) French General who razed the Chouans in 1799-1800. D.S., one page, 4to, Mesle, 28th January 1800, stating `Inform the Verneuil citizens that the Chouans have been beaten and scattered. They have suffered a horrible carnage…we are pursuing them and tomorrow I expect a new battle and victory..´ Two more decrees dated 24th & 27th March 1793, related to the Orleans insurrection, and a decree related to Jean Baptiste Moulins (1754-1794) French General who committed suicide when he was severely wounded before being captured by the Vendeans. The decree states in part `Moulins, Republican, killed himself to avoid being captured by the royalists brigands..´ Small overall, minor age wear, otherwise G, 8 £100-150

THE GREAT TERROR (1): Most historians fix the Great Terror period between 1793 and 1794. An excellent set of thirty two documents, dated from 10th August 1792 to September 1793, one hundred and twenty two pages, mostly 4to, including a good 16 x 20 affiche stating at the heading `The National Assembly declares that the King is suspended, and that he and his family remain hostage; that the current ministry does not have the confidence of the Nation, and that the Assembly will proceed to replace the Assemblée Nationale..´ further saying `the members of the National Assembly hace swored individually in the name of the Nation, to work and fight for Freedom and Equality or die at their posts..´. Together with contemporary documents, including eleven decrees, ten printed new laws, speeches, proclamations, and other kind of affiches. Few of the printed laws, dated August 1792, issued by Danton and Roland, ordering `to register and search in all suspicious houses if weapons and ammunition are hidden.´ also suppressing all feudal rights, and `a new corps will be appointed, to elect the members of a criminal court tribunal which will be in charge of judging all crimes committed during the 10th August journey..´ referrinf only to the crimes committed by the King´s accomplices, and not by the revolutionary. Among the speeches, the well-remembered one by Danton and Roland, 25th August 1792, referring to the enemies of France, inside and outside, `..they will try to bring danger and fury and reach Paris..´. One printed document being the records of the 21st September National Convention first session, entitled `Session of 21st September 1792, fourth year of Freedom, first of equality, at eleven in the morning.´ A printed document being a law issued by Danton, 2nd September 1792, stating `death sentence will be applied to any administration worker who would refuse the execution of the measures approved by law to maintain the National security´ A large number contemporary documents of interesting content. G to VG, 32   £800-1000   

THE GREAT TERROR (2): Most historians fix the Great Terror period between 1793 and 1794. An excellent set of sixty six documents, mostly decrees, dated from 14th December 1792 to June 1794, three hundred and thirty nine pages, mostly 4to, including the one dated 14th December 1792 ordering the Minister of Justice to accomplish the instructions received from the Commission of Twelve. A further one dated 31st May 1793 `Suppressing the Commission of Twelve´ and `the members of the National Convention will submit to the Public Safety Committee the evidences and witnesses declarations against other deputies who have helped to divide the people and created confusion..´ A further decree dated 17th July 1793 states `To raze Buzot´s house, a scoundrel who was representative of the people and who conspired against the French Republic..´ Furthermore a decree dated 12th July 1793 states `Related to the Lyon conspiracy, being the member of the convention Biroteau the chief of the instigators. …to be arrested and judged by the revolutionary tribunal..´ The decree of 20th August 1793 stating `all officers and troops will make all necessary to arrest the inhabitants of Mont-Blanc who have helped the Piedmont troops, having refused the Republican flag and arms.. you are authorized to use arms, weapons and fire to destroy and raze the rebels..´ A decree of very interesting content, dated 9th September 1793, and related to the siege of Toulon, states `The betrayal which permitted the taking over of the Toulon harbour by the English..Vice-Admiral Trogoff and his officers are considered traitors and the English prisoners will be kept as hostages and will be beheaded because of Admiral Hood´s behaviour..´ Decree dated 5th September 1793, issued by Robespierre, related to the creation of the Revolutionary army `..armed forces comprising 6000 men, 1200 gunners, in order to stop the contra-revolutionary..´ Decree dated 1st August 1793 stating `All foreigners, not residents in France before the 14th Juy 1789, will be arrested… and sentence to death to any foreigner discovered under any kind of disguise..´ A large number contemporary decrees of very interesting content. G to VG, 66  £1000-1500   

TURTLE ISLAND: A well-known island which used to be a pirate hideaway during the seventeenth century. L.S., `Bourdron´ three times, and `Dupuy´ twice, two pages, folio, Isle of Turtle, 13th March 1801, in French. The letter being the contract for a ship fabrication, signed by both parties, Boudron as the boat constructor and Captain Dupuy who will pay for it and supply the requested materials, stating in part `we get obliged to construct a ship with a keel of 43 feet, 16 feet hight,…the whole with local wood and which will be constructed the closest we can to the sea shore..´ With blank integral leaf. Folded, with edges very slightly trimmed, otherwise G   £400-500   

SONTHONAX LEGER & POLVEREL ETIENNE: Léger-Félicité Sonthonax(1763-1813) and Etienne Polverel (1740-1795) First French abolitionist Legislators. Civil Commissars in Saint Domingue, they promulgated the full abolition of slavery in the north province of the island. A very interesting L.S., `Sonthonax´, and `Polverel´ twice,one page, folio, Port-au-Prince, 29th April 1793. The present letter was written only two months before the promulgation of abolition and is signed by both legislators in the name of the French republic and in their capacities as `Delegates in the French Islands of America to re-establish the public order and peace.´  The document is an order given to the Commandant of Port-au-Prince stating `..to arrest immediately citizen Madame Chavanne and to take him provisionally on board the vessel of the Republic called Eole, until we give further orders..´ The document bears an ink stamp to the front with printed letters “Civil National Convention, delegation in Saint Domingue – In the Nation´s Name”. With blank integral leaf. VG   £200-300    The arrest order most probably correspond to the wife of black General abolitionist Jean-Baptiste Chavanne (1748-1791) Haitian abolitionist who, together with mulatto Vincent Ogé (1755-1791) leaded the first revolt claiming for the freedom of all slaves. They were arrested and sentenced to be hammered to death, showing great bravery during is terrible torture in the presence of assembly members and authorities.

CHARLES EUGENE OF LORRAINE: (1751-1825) Prince of Lambesc. Last member of the House of Guise. French Marshal and Proprietor of the Royal Allemand-Dragoons, in charge of the protection of Louis´Court. Sadly remembered for his ride on 12th July 1789, at the head of his dragoons across the Place of Louis XV into the Tuileries Gardens, against a mob that had gathered there. Rare A.L.S., De Lorraine Prince de Lambesc, one page, folio, Trèves, 29th May 1790, in French. Bearing the heading of the Foreigner Cavalry of the Royal Allemand. The document being a memoire for Count de La Tour du Pin, related to a leave permission for his second in rank Baron de Speth. Together with a contemporary printed volume, 157 pages, 8vo, explaining what was the Prince of Lambesc trial in 1790, and although remained as an attempt to, states `Accused of having led armed troops, violently, through the Tuilerie gardens last 12th July, and of being guilty of the murder of a citizen who was calmly having a walk and not holding arms..´ VG, 2 £200-300

[JACOBIN CLUB]: Also known as the Society of the Friends of the Constitution, the most influential political club during the French Revolution. A good selection of printed original documents issued by the Jacobin Club, one to eight pages, different sizes, dated 1790 to 1794, in French, including texts by Honoré de Mirabeau (1749-1791), one page, folio, 18th December 1790, in his capacity as President of Society of the Friends of the Constitution, submitting the proposal of law suppressing duels; Victor de Broglie (1756-1794) Guillotined. Four pages, 4to, 9th January, 1791. Stating `..the constitution enemies try to support and push fanatics against this constitution they hate and they try to kill..´; Gaultier de Biauzat (1739-1815) as President of the Club des Jacobins. Six pages, 4to, 1791, stating `..Tell the people that their representatives work unceasingly in the way the expect and that their efforts are assisted by a King who supports the true constitutional Royalty, established for the stability and well-being of citizens..´; Louis Dufourny de Villiers (1739-1796) as President of the Club des Jacobins. Three pages, 4to, 16th July 1791, referring to the King´s sanctity and his recent fly to Varennes attempt of escape, and to the principles of Pétion and Robespierre; Servan Baudouin Boulanger (1755-1794) Guillotined. One age, 4to, 25th July 1791. The Jacobins move their sessions to the Maison des Feuillants; Pierre Nioche (1751-1828) as President of the Club des Jacobins, eight pages, 8vo, 11th February 1792; Rennes 1790, related to the people´s right `..the undestroyable and sacred base of the citizen rights..´; a printed bulletin comprising new laws approved by the Committee of Public Safety reporting that the `..Society of Jacobins have their meeting sessions suspended and their meeting room closed immediately..´ This text corresponds to the definitive closing of the Club des Jacobins, and their meeting room would be destroyed six months later, converting by decree the building into a market. VG, 9 £80-100

BOXING: A good selection of signed 8 x 10 photographs by various heavyweight world champions boxers comprising George Foreman (1949- ) American Boxer and Minister. Nicknamed `Big George´, he is a two-time world heavyweight champion and an Olympic gold medallist; Earnie Shavers (1944- ) American Boxer, considered by many to be the hardest puncher of all time, having knocked out 50 opponents in three rounds or less; Leon Spinks (1953- ) American Boxer who won the heavyweight championship in 1978 after defeating Muhammad Ali in what has been considered one of the biggest upsets in boxing history. (2); James `Buster´ Douglas (1960- ) American Boxer. Best known for his memorable upset of Mike Tyson in 1990 to win the heavyweight title; Wladimir Klitschko (1976- ) Ukrainian Boxer. World Heavyweight Champion; Mariusz Wach (1979- ) Polish Boxer. World heavyweight title challenger in 2012. All images are boldly signed to clear areas of the images, and most depicting the boxers in boxing action poses. VG,7 £100-150

BOXING : Selection of signed 8 x 10 photographs by various heavyweight world champions boxers including Larry Holmes (1949- ) American WBA heavyweight champion from 1965 to 1967 holding also the heavyweight champion title from 1980 to 1985. One of the only five to defeat Ali. Also signed by Leon Spinks; Ernie Terrell (1939-2014) American Boxer who held the WBA heavyweight title from 1965 to 1967; Jimmy Young (1948-2005) American Boxer. Young beat Foreman in 1977 and lost the year beforehand a disputed decision against Muhammad Ali in 1976; Leon Spinks (1953- ) American Boxer who won the heavyweight championship in 1978 after defeating Muhammad Ali in what has been considered one of the biggest upsets in boxing history; Mariusz Wach (1979- ) Polish Boxer. World heavyweight title challenger in 2012. All images are boldly signed to clear areas of the images, and most depicting the boxers in boxing action poses. VG,6 £100-120

PERRY FRED : (1909-1995) British tennis Player. Former world nº 1 who won 14 Grand Slam titles. Perry was the first player to win a `Career Grand Slam´ winning all four singles titles. Signed 4 x 6 photograph by Perry, the image depicting the British tennis player in a full length action pose. Signed in bold black ink with his name alone (`Fred Perry´) to a partially clear area of the image. VG £150-200

[ASSIGNATS]: Type of a monetary instrument used during the time of the French Revolution and further. Three attractive sets of assignats printed boards, comprising 10 assignats of 5 pounds, 11 x 17, 20 assignats of 15 sols, 19 x 14 and 4 assignats of 100 Francs, 14 x 10, respectively. Together with two printed contemporary documents related to the assignats, including a decree, four pages, 4to, dated 11th May 1794, comprising 12 articles regarding persons who would try to discredit the assignats. G, 5 £400-600

HEMINGWAY MARGAUX: (1954-1996) American Actress & fashion Model. Granddaughter of Ernest Hemingway. A renowned model who signed a million dollar contract for Fabergé in the 70´s. Margaux Hemingway died of suicide by drug overdose at the early age of 42. Signed and inscribed 8 x 10 photograph by Hemingway, the image depicting the American artist in a close-up portrait pose. Signed in bold black ink to a clear area of the image (`Tom, good life to you. Margaux Hemingway´). Two tears to the edges not affecting the signature. About VG £80-100

CAMBON PIERRE-JOSEPH: (1756-1820) & LOUVET PIERRE FLORENT (1757-1818) French members of the National Convention. Both opposed to Robespierre. Cambon was a reputed orator who denounced Marat and summoned Danton, being the first to drew up a petition to the National Constituent Assembly inviting to proclaim a Republic after the flight to Varennes affair. An excellent L.S., Cambon fils ainé, (`Cambon´s son the eldest´) and Louvet, two pages, folio, Paris, 4th September 1792, in French. The partially printed document bearing the heading of the National Assembly is a decree related to the last day of the September massacres, stating in part `..a member of the Commune, M. Guiraud, has announced that he has saved Abbot Sicard, successor of Abbot de l´Epée, from being murdered by the crowds...The National Assembly congratulates Sr, Guirard´s behaviour…Abbot Sicard speaks and give a testimony of gratitude..´ and further concludes that `The National Assembly approves to give back to Abbot Sicard all his rights and functions and establishes that he is under the special protection of the 4 nations section..´ With a Convention paper seal affixed to the verso alongside signatures. Together with Abbot Sicard, (1742-1822) Ambroise Sicard. Head of the deaf-and-dumb Parisian school. A.L.S., Sicard, three pages, 8vo, n.p., n.d., revolution time, to the Republican Lycée secretary, asking for a post on behalf of one of his proteges. Very small area of corner paper loss. Accompanied by a 7 x 11 unsigned portrait of Abbot Sicard. G, 3 £400-600

RAIMU: (1883-1946) His real name was Jules Auguste Muraire. French Actor. Well remembered for playing César in the Marseilles Trilogy. Signed and inscribed attractive original set of seven 4 x 6 photographs, all of them showing a young Raimu in different close portrait poses. The seven images have been individually carefully affixed to slightly larger cards, framed in wood and glazed to an overall of 32.5 x 8. Raimu writes the inscription over six of the photographs `To Rip - Thanking - for my first great success - The more it changes.. - Cordially - Raimu´, starting on the second image to the left and concluding with his signature `Raimu´ to the seventh and last to the right. Together with Andrée Spinelly (1887-1966) French Actress who played the main role in the premiere of Plus ça Change in 1915. Signed postcard photograph; also including a bold ink signature to a grid 5 x 3 page. G, 3 £250-350Plus ça Change ! (1915) was the first success of Raimu in France after his return from the WWI front in March 1915. Georges Rip (1884-1941) French Author of Plus ça Change!. The first stage performance took place on 7th September 1915 at the Michel Theatre. The main role was played by Rip´s muse Andrée Spinelly who was having a sentimental relationship with Raimu since a year before, although she managed to include her new lover in the cast.

GABIN JEAN: (1904-1976) French Actor. An exceptional signed and inscribed 5.5 x 3.5 card photograph by Gabin, inscribed to his father, stating `To my father, fondly from his son who loves him. J. Gabin.´, the image depicting a young Gabin seated alongside his comrades regiment during his navy military service 1924-25. A youth good example signature, Gabin is only 20-21 years old. Gabin has added an ink cross over his leg in order to better identify himself, the first to the left, as all are wearing uniform. Accompanied by an unsigned vintage postcard of Gabin. VG £250-350Gabin was born Jean-Alexis Moncorgé and adopted the name Gabin because it was his father´s artistic name, Ferdinand Joseph Moncorgé, an operetta comedian.

[COLUCHE]: (1944-1986) Michel Colucci. French Comedian. A sad A.L.S., G. Klein, by Gerard Klein (1942- ) French actor, one page, oblong 4to, dated 19th June 1986, the day Coluche passed away, in French. Klein states `Sir, just now I have been told that Coluche has died. And I was sending you a minute ago a photograph showing the three of us.. I am so sad, he was so generous and tender...´ Also including a 7 x 5 photograph showing Coluche laughing, alongside Maryse and Gérard Klein who has annotated to the verso `and here you have the infernal trio´. VG £100-150

[14th JULY 1789]: An extremely rare and exceptional A.L.S., one page, 4to, Lyon, 14th July 1789, in French. The letter is written by a French citizen, employed in an official department office in Lyon, to his brother, a tax attorney, and relates the first hours of the revolution, stating `We have suffered 4 to 5 days of great consternation, people have burnt down all employees offices, and since then no incomes...Some military regiments arrived and this helped to keep 36 to 40 of the insurgents under control, they hanged some of them before yesterday; we must be back home at 9h in the evening because military troops have been ordered to shoot anyone who could be related to the rebellion, and we fear being mingled with them..´ further writing an exceptional testimonial of the first hours of the revolution in Paris `We have just received an extraordinary courier from Paris which announces that at 8h in the morning M. Necker has been taken away and carried out of the Kingdom… There are 40.000 men of foreigner troops in the surroundings of Versailles and Paris. All Paris is in a sad situation, they pretend that there are more than 350.000 Parisians who have taken up arms; we are waiting for a further extraordinary courier this evening..´ A letter of excellent historical content. With blank address leaf. Small area of paper loss to the address leaf. G £2000-3000From 30th June to 4th July 1789, violent riots took place in Lyon. The insurgents sacked offices.The 67th Swiss regiment of Sonnenberg was sent to defend the arsenal which was under the menace of being sacked. Once the troops brought back the calm, few insurgents were executed.Jacques Necker (1732-1804) Swiss Banker & Finance Minister 1777-81 under Louis XVI. Some of his decisions have been later considered as critical in creating social conditions which contributed to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Necker left France and went to Brussels a few days before the 14th of July. This new was one of the main causes of the first great riots which led to the 14th July uprising.

[SEPTEMBRISEUR]: French name given to the people who participated in the 2nd to 7th September 1792 massacres. Half of the prisons population of Paris, over 1200 prisoners, were executed, as well as 200 hundred nonjuring Catholic priests refusing to submit to the Civil Constitution. Rare L.S., two pages, folio, Paris, 1st of October 1795, in French The hand written document entitled Comité de Sûreté Générale, administrative police department of Paris, refers to citizen Cortet, who has been arrested for `..having taken part in the massacres of 2nd and 3rd of September 1792 at the Carmes House..´ Few extremely small tears to the right edge professionally repaired. Folded, otherwise VG £200-300Charles François Honoré Cortet, a French Worker, was considered one of the principal prison executioners. Cortet was twice arrested but twice released.

GUITRY SACHA & FAMILY: (1885-1957) French Actor, Film Director and Screenwriter. An excellent set of documents and photographs signed by Guitry, his father, grand-father, his five wives and few other relatives, all in French, comprising an excellent original drawing by Guitry, in pencil, 4to, being the bearded personage smoking a cigar that Guitry created to illustrate the cover of a programme for the Barrasford´s Alhambra. Accompanied by a photocopy of the cover programme; T.L.S., signed by Guitry, one page, 4to, 1956, typed by Stephane Prince, his secretary, who refers to himself as `the secretary of S. Prince!´, referring to a clothing order for Madame Guitry (Lana Marconi). Guitry adds in his hand `The jacket with cashmire as usual.´; Signed book with annotation, Sacha Guitry, to the inside front end paper, stating `Napoleon was going and coming back and nobody noticed..´, edited by Raoul Solar,1954. Dustjacket included; four vintage signed postcard photographs and one 3.5 x 5.5 photograph, by each of the five Guitry´s wives, comprising Charlotte Lysès (1907-1917) first wife 1907-17, Yvonne Printemps (1894-1977) second wife 1919-34, Jacqueline Delubac (1907-1997) third wife 1935-39, Geneviève de Séréville (1914-1963) fourth wife 1938-49 and Lana Marconi (1917-1990) fifth and last 1949-57. All are boldly signed to clear areas of the images, some in fountain pen ink, few inscribed; A.L.S., by Lana Marconi, referring to Guitry´s health getting worst and a T.L.S by Stephane Prince forwarding and commenting Lana´s letter; Lucien Guitry (1860-1925) Father of Sacha. A.L.S., two pages, 8vo, stating in part `What the hell are you doing going to French theatre!??? Why! Why!..´. Accompanied by an unsigned photograph of Lucien; René de Pont-Jest (1829-1904) Grandfather of Sacha, Writer and Journalist. A.L.S., one page, 8vo, on the Press Circle printed stationery, requesting seats for a performance. G to VG,12 £600-900