621
Military Orders and Medals
Beschreibung
Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, The Interesting Indian Police Medal and India General Service Medal Pair, awarded to Captain D. G. R. Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal, comprising: Indian Police Medal For Distinguished Conduct, GVR (Captain Douglas Godwin Russel Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal), named in running script; India General Service Medal 1908-1935, two clasps Waziristan 1919-21, Waziristan 1921-24 (2-Lieut. D.G.R. Leonard. 1-6 Infy.), toned, very fine, mounted for wear (2)<br> Sold with corresponding miniatures, ribband bars, 9 JATS collar badge, a miniature Volunteer Long Service Medal, GVR, a comprehensive collection of military letter eads and regiments ribbons in four albums and ten cigarette tins. Also full correspondence envelopes. And one of Leonard’s prized possessions, an unopened, 1865 vintage bottle of cognac.<br> At the beginning of British rule in India, the Government generally was dependent on the village-watch system for the collection of information about crime and socio-religious developments from the remote areas. There was hardly any organized system of reporting of information of a political nature. Another channel of information of the local administration was their personal contacts with the Zamindars and other influential persons of the society.<br> At the beginning of 19th century, the appointment of a class of functionaries known as ‘Goindahs’ is noticed, but these Goindahs, meaning spies, were generally appointed to the suspected Thanas with instructions to keep track and report the activities of the Darogas.<br> The need for collection of political intelligence arose with the growth of political consciousness and political institutions in India. In fact, the history of intelligence organization is linked with the history of national awakening and the development of organized political activities in the country.<br> Formation of Intelligence Wing during British Rule<br> As the Congress movement was taking off, Dufferin became aware of the inadequacy of the system of collection of political intelligence and saw in the Indian National Congress, a threat to the stability of the Empire, as there was no other political movement at that time raging in the country. In response to Dufferin’s proposal, the Secretary of State for India issued an order on December 22, 1887 for setting up a Central Special Branch and also Special Branches of the Police Department at the headquarters of each provincial Government.<br> In the beginning, the Central Special Branch did not have any unit solely under its control. It was merely collating and compiling reports received from the provincial Special Branches. But in the far-flung areas of the Empire, there was a need for collecting military intelligence.<br> In 1901 it was, therefore, decided that the Central Special Branch, which was responsible only for the collection of political intelligence, should be expanded to include a small staff of selective detective agents, to be employed to monitor political movements and also to deal with those forms of organized crimes which extended beyond the limits of a single province.<br> Formation of C.I.D<br> In 1906, when the provincial Criminal Investigation Department was formed, there was no organizational linkage between the Special Branch already existing and the C.I.D. Both functioned separately - one as part of the office of the Inspector General of Police, Bengal, while the other was headed by a Deputy Inspector General who was in charge of the C.I.D. and Railways. Even during the Swadeshi Movement of 1905 following the Partition of Bengal, the Special Branch which was being headed by Denham at that time, was monitoring the Movement with its meagre resources.<br> The C.I.D. was at that time divided into two sections - one, the criminal side, investigating ordinary crimes and the other, the political side, acting as auxiliary to the Special Branch and investigating political crimes and offences arising out of political agitation. The Special Branch had long been attached to the office of the Inspector General of Police. In 1908 it had to be shifted to a rented office at 41, Park Street which also accommodated the C.I.D. Denham was then acting as Special Assistant to the Inspector General of Police and was in charge of the Special Branch. His services were transferred to C.I.D. as Special Assistant to D.I.G., C.I.D. in charge of the Special Branch. The traumatic events of 1908, however, called for considerable expansion of the Special Branch.<br> New building for Special Branch<br> As 41, Park Street was known to have housed the C.I.D; the functioning of the Special Branch from this building would be somewhat difficult - the Secrecy was not likely to be maintained in an open office. So, 7, Kyd Street was rented for the purpose of opening a secret office of the Special Branch.<br> The Government of India attached great importance to the Bengal Special Branch in view of the fact that Bengal was at that time the epicentre of political agitation and terrorist activities. In no other province the Special Branch was recognized and strengthened in the manner it was done in Bengal. The staffs of the Intelligence Branch were substantially increased during the First World War when a full time Deputy Inspector General of Police was appointed to head the Branch.<br> The Intelligence Branch Office<br> The Intelligence Branch used to have two main divisions. (i) Secret Service Division and (ii) the branches responsible for processing and dissemination of intelligence. The Secret Service Branch used to deal with intelligence collection and for this they were dependant primarily on the agents. Agents were the paid informers of the Branch. The officers with special aptitude for recruiting agents were selected for Intelligence Branch.<br> Besides the Secret Service Branch, the processing and dissemination of Intelligence used to be done by other branches in the I.B. office. The Confidential Section used to do the sheet-indexing and from there, the particulars of suspects used to go to Indexing Section for card-indexing. In fact the confidential Section alone used to handle the folders containing the reports of the agents. That is why precaution was taken to ensure secrecy as leakage of the source report might lead to the disclosure of identity of the sources. Besides this, the Confidential Section used to maintain the records of information
Auktionsdetails
Versand
AGB & Wichtige Informationen
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Military Orders and Medals, Campaign Groups and Pairs, The Interesting Indian Police Medal and India General Service Medal Pair, awarded to Captain D. G. R. Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal, comprising: Indian Police Medal For Distinguished Conduct, GVR (Captain Douglas Godwin Russel Leonard, Military Intelligence Officer and Additional Superintendent of Police, Bengal), named in running script; India General Service Medal 1908-1935, two clasps Waziristan 1919-21, Waziristan 1921-24 (2-Lieut. D.G.R. Leonard. 1-6 Infy.), toned, very fine, mounted for wear (2)<br> Sold with corresponding miniatures, ribband bars, 9 JATS collar badge, a miniature Volunteer Long Service Medal, GVR, a comprehensive collection of military letter eads and regiments ribbons in four albums and ten cigarette tins. Also full correspondence envelopes. And one of Leonard’s prized possessions, an unopened, 1865 vintage bottle of cognac.<br> At the beginning of British rule in India, the Government generally was dependent on the village-watch system for the collection of information about crime and socio-religious developments from the remote areas. There was hardly any organized system of reporting of information of a political nature. Another channel of information of the local administration was their personal contacts with the Zamindars and other influential persons of the society.<br> At the beginning of 19th century, the appointment of a class of functionaries known as ‘Goindahs’ is noticed, but these Goindahs, meaning spies, were generally appointed to the suspected Thanas with instructions to keep track and report the activities of the Darogas.<br> The need for collection of political intelligence arose with the growth of political consciousness and political institutions in India. In fact, the history of intelligence organization is linked with the history of national awakening and the development of organized political activities in the country.<br> Formation of Intelligence Wing during British Rule<br> As the Congress movement was taking off, Dufferin became aware of the inadequacy of the system of collection of political intelligence and saw in the Indian National Congress, a threat to the stability of the Empire, as there was no other political movement at that time raging in the country. In response to Dufferin’s proposal, the Secretary of State for India issued an order on December 22, 1887 for setting up a Central Special Branch and also Special Branches of the Police Department at the headquarters of each provincial Government.<br> In the beginning, the Central Special Branch did not have any unit solely under its control. It was merely collating and compiling reports received from the provincial Special Branches. But in the far-flung areas of the Empire, there was a need for collecting military intelligence.<br> In 1901 it was, therefore, decided that the Central Special Branch, which was responsible only for the collection of political intelligence, should be expanded to include a small staff of selective detective agents, to be employed to monitor political movements and also to deal with those forms of organized crimes which extended beyond the limits of a single province.<br> Formation of C.I.D<br> In 1906, when the provincial Criminal Investigation Department was formed, there was no organizational linkage between the Special Branch already existing and the C.I.D. Both functioned separately - one as part of the office of the Inspector General of Police, Bengal, while the other was headed by a Deputy Inspector General who was in charge of the C.I.D. and Railways. Even during the Swadeshi Movement of 1905 following the Partition of Bengal, the Special Branch which was being headed by Denham at that time, was monitoring the Movement with its meagre resources.<br> The C.I.D. was at that time divided into two sections - one, the criminal side, investigating ordinary crimes and the other, the political side, acting as auxiliary to the Special Branch and investigating political crimes and offences arising out of political agitation. The Special Branch had long been attached to the office of the Inspector General of Police. In 1908 it had to be shifted to a rented office at 41, Park Street which also accommodated the C.I.D. Denham was then acting as Special Assistant to the Inspector General of Police and was in charge of the Special Branch. His services were transferred to C.I.D. as Special Assistant to D.I.G., C.I.D. in charge of the Special Branch. The traumatic events of 1908, however, called for considerable expansion of the Special Branch.<br> New building for Special Branch<br> As 41, Park Street was known to have housed the C.I.D; the functioning of the Special Branch from this building would be somewhat difficult - the Secrecy was not likely to be maintained in an open office. So, 7, Kyd Street was rented for the purpose of opening a secret office of the Special Branch.<br> The Government of India attached great importance to the Bengal Special Branch in view of the fact that Bengal was at that time the epicentre of political agitation and terrorist activities. In no other province the Special Branch was recognized and strengthened in the manner it was done in Bengal. The staffs of the Intelligence Branch were substantially increased during the First World War when a full time Deputy Inspector General of Police was appointed to head the Branch.<br> The Intelligence Branch Office<br> The Intelligence Branch used to have two main divisions. (i) Secret Service Division and (ii) the branches responsible for processing and dissemination of intelligence. The Secret Service Branch used to deal with intelligence collection and for this they were dependant primarily on the agents. Agents were the paid informers of the Branch. The officers with special aptitude for recruiting agents were selected for Intelligence Branch.<br> Besides the Secret Service Branch, the processing and dissemination of Intelligence used to be done by other branches in the I.B. office. The Confidential Section used to do the sheet-indexing and from there, the particulars of suspects used to go to Indexing Section for card-indexing. In fact the confidential Section alone used to handle the folders containing the reports of the agents. That is why precaution was taken to ensure secrecy as leakage of the source report might lead to the disclosure of identity of the sources. Besides this, the Confidential Section used to maintain the records of information
Baldwin's of St James's Auction 13
Auktionsdatum
Lose: 1 - 704
Ort der Versteigerung
The Cavendish Hotel
81 Jermyn Street
St James's
London
SW1 6JF
United Kingdom
Generelle Versandinformationen vom Auktionshaus verfügbar
Shipping costs are indicated on your invoice.
Minimum cost of £15.00 for recorded delivery.
Wichtige Informationen
Date of Sale:
Monday 27th November 2017 10:30am Lots 1 - 704
Auction Viewing:
Thursday 24th and Friday 25th November 2017 10:00 am - 4.30 pm
at 10 Charles II Street, London SW1Y 4AA
viewing at all other times by appointment only
Order of Sale:
Ancient Coins Lots 1 - 8
Islamic Coins Lots 9 - 12
British Coins Lots 13 - 400
Scotland Lots 359 - 365
Irish Lots 366 - 370
Sovereigns Lots 371 - 399
Foreign Coins Lots 401 - 497
British Commemorative Medals Lots 498 - 518
Foreign Medals Lots 519 - 543
British Banknotes Lots 544 - 545
Foreign Banknotes Lots 546 - 560
Orders and Medals Lots 561 - 704
Single Campaign Medals/ Campaign Groups and Pairs Lots 561 - 624
Groups and Single Decorations for Gallantry Lots 625 - 634
Single Orders and Decorations/ Long Service Medals Lots 635 - 646
Coronation and Jubilee Medals/Miniature Medals Lots 647 - 649
Miscellaneous/World Orders and Decorations Lots 650 - 704
Buyers’ Premium: 20% (plus VAT)
AGB
CONDITIONS OF SALE
(1) Baldwin's of St James's [the Company] is a division of Knightsbridge Coins. The Company acts as agent for the seller. Sales made by the Company at public auction are sales made on behalf of the seller.
(2) The buyer of any lot will be the highest bidder. In the event of any dispute, the auctioneer shall have absolute discretion to settle the dispute as he thinks best; this may mean re-offering the lot for sale.
(3) The auctioneer shall have absolute discretion to divide any lot, combine two or more lots or withdraw any lot or lots without giving any reason. In the case of a dispute, he may re-offer a lot for sale. The auctioneer also has the right to refuse any bid or bids without giving a reason.
(4) The Company and auctioneer shall have absolute discretion to refuse admission to their premises or attendance at their auction of any person they deem unsuitable, without giving any reason for, or prior notice of, their action.
(5) The minimum increment between bids will normally be 5%. The auctioneer has the right to refuse any bid which is not in line with this increase. He also has absolute discretion to vary this increment as he sees fit.
(6) All lots are subject to a Buyer's Premium of 24.00%, inclusive of VAT, (20% + VAT), payable by the buyer if resident in the EU. The symbol 'G' appearing next to a lot in this catalogue indicates the item is 'Investment Gold' and therefore a VAT-registered trader can submit a claim to HM Revenue and Customs to recover the VAT element of the Buyer’s Premium. In the case of a lot marked with a dagger (†), import VAT at 5% will be added to the hammer price and will be payable by the buyer if resident in the EU. If the lot is being exported outside the EU, this import VAT can be waived or refunded on proof of export.
(7) Each bidder shall be deemed to act as principal unless the Company acknowledges in writing prior to the auction that he acts as agent for a named third-party principal. For bidders unable to attend the auction in person, commissions will be executed free-of-charge. Such bids must be written and must be received at least 24 hours before the sale begins. The Company cannot guarantee to execute bids received less than 24 hours before the sale. 'Buy' bids will not be accepted. The Company shall not be liable for any errors or omissions in executing such commissions.
(8) All buyers must, if requested, notify their name and address to the auctioneer and, if required, provide additional proof of identification, bank references or other credit references. All buyers must pay the full purchase price, at the point of collection of purchases, or a fractional deposit as may be determined at the auctioneer's discretion, unless the Company has previously arranged credit terms. Seven working days must be allowed for clearance of personal cheques before delivery can be made unless a prior agreement has been reached. A 2.5% surcharge will be applied to all credit card payments.
(9) Ownership of lots does not pass to the buyer until the Company has received payment in full.
(10) All lots, however, are held to be at the buyer's risk from the fall of the hammer. All lots shall be removed by the buyer within seven working days after the date of the sale. Any lots not so removed may become liable to removal, insurance and storage charges. Such lots may, at the auctioneer's discretion, be re-offered for sale at auction or by private treaty without further notice to the buyer.
(11) All lots are offered for sale subject to any reserve price that may be imposed by the seller. The seller may not subsequently change the reserve without the agreement of the Company. Where a reserve has been set, only the auctioneer may bid on behalf of the seller. Lots are normally reserved at 80% of lower estimate, with auctioneer's discretion. Unless re-offered for sale, the collection of unsold lots shall be the responsibility of the seller.
(12) (a) Lots are sold as shown with all faults, imperfections and errors of description and lack of authenticity. The Sale of Goods Act 1979 does not apply to the sale of any lot. Neither the Company nor the seller shall give any warranty to any buyer in respect of any lot or be liable for any fault or error of description or lack of genuineness or authenticity of any lot. All statements as to items sold, whether made in catalogues, during the course of the auction or otherwise, are statements of opinion only and are not and shall not be taken to be statements or representations of fact. The Company reserves the right in forming their opinion to consult and rely upon any expert or authority considered by them to be reliable. Coins are graded to accepted UK standards to the best ability of our specialists. You acknowledge that the grading of coins is subjective and may vary from specialist to specialist, as the process is by nature an art and not a science. For this reason, we do not automatically accept and are not bound by the opinions of third party coin grading services for any purposes including before and after the sale of a lot.
(b) Refund policy – notwithstanding the foregoing, if any lot should be proved by the buyer to be not genuine or authentic, or to have been wrongly described in any material respect, the buyer may reject the same provided that he has given notice in writing of his intention so to do and shall have returned the same to the Company within one month from, and in the same condition as at, the date of sale. If the coin was in a plastic holder at the time of sale, we cannot accept its return if it has been removed from that holder. The onus of proving a lot to be not genuine or authentic or to have been wrongly described shall lie with the buyer. Proof of the inability of any recognised expert or authority to express a definite opinion shall not discharge such onus. If the buyer shall discharge such onus, the auctioneers shall rescind the sale and repay to the buyer the price paid by him. Save as provided herein, the Company shall not under any circumstances whatsoever be liable for any costs, expenses or damages (whether direct, indirect, special or consequential) incurred or suffered by the buyer in respect of any lot, whether or not as a result of any fault, imperfection, error or description or lack of genuineness or authenticity, including but not limited to loss of any kind of profit whatsoever. The buyer will not be entitled to claim interest on the amount due to him. The buyer shall not be entitled to a refund for any lot for any reason save as set out in this clause 12(b).
(13) Save as provided in the preceding paragraph of these conditions buyers must satisfy themselves as to the accuracy of their purchases at the time of delivery. The Company cannot be held responsible for any discrepancy which might be discovered after the lots have been removed from either the auction room or the auctioneers' premises.
(14) As stated in paragraph (1), the Company acts solely as agent between buyer and seller and shall not be held responsible for any default by either party or for any action or claim that may arise in connection with any lot.
(15) Any part of the purchase price still outstanding after the auction, in line with the terms of paragraph (8), shall be paid in full within thirty days of the date of the auction. Without prejudice to any other rights, the Company reserves the right to charge interest on any overdue payment at a rate of three per cent per month. In the event that the company shall have paid the seller (normally 35 days after the sale) and part of the purchase price is still outstanding, title to the lot will pass to the Company. The Company shall then have the right to sell any other goods belonging to the buyer and held by the Company for whatever reason at such a price that the company, in its absolute discretion, thinks fit. The buyer shall also reimburse the Company for any additional costs incurred in this process.
(16) Buyers accepting commissions from third parties do so at their own risk. They remain responsible to the Company for full settlement according to these conditions.
(17) Privacy Policy - We may collect and process information you give to us such as your name, address and references. We will use this information to carry out our obligations arising from any contracts entered into between you and us and to provide you with the information, products and services that you request from us or that we offer. We may share your personal information with any member of our group, which means our subsidiaries, our ultimate holding company and its subsidiaries, as defined in section 1159 of the UK Companies Act 2006. We may share your information with selected third parties including: business partners, advertisers and analytics. We may disclose your personal information to third parties in the event we sell or buy any business or assets in which case we may disclose your personal data to the prospective seller or buyer or such business or assets or if we are under a duty to disclosure or share your personal data in order to comply with any legal obligation or in order to enforce or apply our terms of use. You have the right to ask us not to process your personal data for marketing purposes.
(18) By making a bid, the buyer acknowledges his acceptance of these conditions and agrees to be bound by them.
(19) If any buyer fails to comply with any of these Conditions, the lot or lots in respect of which the failure is made may at the discretion of the Company be put up again and resold. The damages recoverable from the defaulting buyer shall include, but not be limited to, the auctioneers' expenses and commission in respect of the resale and the amount (if any) by which the price obtained on the resale is exceeded by that obtained on the first sale.
(20) A variation of these Conditions shall only be binding on the Company and the seller if it is made in writing and signed by a duly authorised representative of the Company.
(21) These Conditions shall take effect and be construed in accordance with the provisions of English law.
