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CALLIGRAPHY WRITING BOOK, WILLIAM & MARY: An unusual late 17th century calligraphy practice book, three pages of entries dated 'Joshua Pix 1692', these and numerous other pages with neat manuscript borders set down in red and green ink, additional leaf of text in identical borders loosely inserted and inscribed by one Nathan Underwood, a number of blank leaves at rear, 8vo commonplace book, disbound but retaining printed upper cover with engraved medallion portraits of William & Mary, spine loosely stitched, frayed and dog-eared to edges with a number of leaves loose; together with a printed single leaf prospectus for 'The Indian Sportsman', published in London by Edward Orme. (2)

ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT/ARTWORK: 'The Exciting Story of Missi Baba..'; an original children's story in manuscript, fourteen pages of text accompanied by fourteen attractive tipped-in full page watercolour illustrations, contained in remains of 4to album, spine deficient and covers detached, the leaves browned and brittle with some chips and closed tears to edges, a few leaves loose and joints weak. (1)

MANUSCRIPT LEDGER, INSPECTOR OF CANAL BOATS: 'A Folio Ledger Pertaining to the Inspectorate of Canal Boats, approx. 90 p.p. of manuscript entries within printed forms dated from 1909-12, inc. name of boat, place of registration, owner's name, present conditions as to repairs and cleanliness, infectious diseases onboard, etc., contained in folio cloth backed ledger of period; together with another identical volume without entries, some external wear and marking but condition generally sound. (2)

HOLLINGSHEAD (John, of Chorley) (?): 'A Cursory View of a Proposed Canal: from Kendal to the Duke of Bridgwater's Canal, Leading to the Great Manufacturing Town of Manchester..'; no imprint or date, London (?), 1769, 12mo, period quarter calf, disbound, upper board detached, 56 p.p., with folding frontis map dated 1869. Early manuscript attribution of the work to John Hollingshead at base of title, dated in same hand at head, March 1771. Rare. (1)

SMITH (C.S., Map Maker): 'Smith's New Map of the Navigable Canals and Rivers of England, Wales & Scotland, Distinctly Shewing the Length of Each Line and the Dates of the Acts of Parliament which have Passed for Executing the Same..'; London, printed for C. S. Smith, 1830. Folding copper-engraved map, hand-coloured in outline, printed on paper and laid onto linen, dissected into thirty sections and folding into orig. green cloth covered slip case, oval printed paper title label to one side, some light spotting and offsetting else VG; together with three other 19th century canal maps, to include: a large manuscript plan of the docks and warehousing at Stourport on waxed paper measuring approx. 1140 x 890mm, folding down into cloth boards. (4)

CANAL BOAT LOGS: A pair of mid-20th century manuscript logs detailing canal-boat journeys through English canals, both immediate post-war period, numerous pages of manuscript entries, one interspersed with photographs and sketches; together with a group of twenty early 20th century photographs, loosely mounted on disbound album leaves, showing scenes around the Thames waterways, including St Pancras Locks, Islington Tunnel, etc. (3)

NORTH PEMBROKESHIRE & FISHGUARD RAILWAY, CONSTRUCTION: an album of manuscript, photographs, watercolours and cut engravings, compiled by various contributors and entitled 'Friends Journal Christmas Number 1896..'; 289 p.p. with index and members' list, to include approx. twenty five original albumen print photographs showing scenes from the construction of the North Pembrokeshire & Fishguard Railway Extension, the images various captioned in ink to lower margin, contained in 8vo album of green felt-covered boards with embroidered decoration. (1)

TULIP RALLY: A carton of printed material relating to the Tulip Rally, to include promotional letters; sectional distances and speed calculations on a long rolled single sheet printed in purple, a few manuscript workings to verso; original route book for the eighth rally of 1956 with the two British drivers' details and photographs (driving a Jaguar Mark VII); related correspondence; etc. (Quantity: a small carton)

1938 GRAND PRIX ALBUM: An album of twenty nine photographic images taken at the 1938 Grand Prix at Donington Castle, black and white photographs of various sizes from approx. 195 x 150mm to 120 x 95mm, all annotated in blue ink to edges identifying drivers and some locations, manuscript list of race results toward rear showing Tazio Nuvolari to have been the winner; further manuscript note at front identifying photographer as one P. J. D. Langrishe using a Kodak Retina 1, oblong 4to album, (faux?), reptile skin covers, generally in very good condition. (1)

MANUSCRIPT EPHEMERA: A large carton of unsorted manuscript material, to include: much 20th century commercial correspondence, some related printed matter etc. (One carton)

SCHNEIDER TROPHY ARCHIVE: A wide-ranging collection of material relating to the Schneider Trophy, to include: a loose leaf album containing seventy seven period black and white press photographs of scenes around Calshot at the Schneider Trophy event over various years, late 1920s-early 1930s: many images annotated in pencil or with type-written captions affixed to versos, extracts of various contemporary periodicals inserted at rear with articles reporting the event and including some of the photographic images present; rare Official Programme for the Schneider Trophy Race held at Bournemouth on Wednesday September 10 1919 (this race was won by the Italian team in foggy conditions: they were later disqualified and the race was declared void); Gloster Aircraft Magazine, Christmas number for Jan.-Feb. 1927, with Schneider Cup Race Review; Southern Railway brochure advertising rates to Schneider Trophy event (1929?); 'Midnight Cabaret Programme for White Star Line Ship Homeric..', for the 1931 Schneider Trophy Contest; a second Southern Railway Schneider Cup Trains Timetable for 1931; Official Souvenir Programmes for the years 1929 and 1931, both issued by Gale & Polden; Royal Aero Club Schneider Seaplane Race Map, with course over-printed onto conventional sea chart in red, green and blue; two commemorative reports published by 'Flight' magazine; Royal Aero Club Schneider Cup Victory Banquet Ticket, 1927; 1929 Schneider Trophy Race Postcard, postmarked aboard the 'R.M.S. Arcadean' and dated 11 September 1929, printed results form on reverse with manuscript entries; miscellaneous other related periodicals and pamphlets; to also include: three volumes of the Official Air Ministry Aeronautical Research Committee Reports and Memoranda on the Schneider Trophy Contests for the years 1927 and 1931 (two copies). (Small quantity)

MANUSCRIPT/EPHEMERA: A carton of miscellaneous ephemera and manuscript material, to include a loose leaf folder containing various 18th and early 19th century correspondence, letters entire etc.; a bundle of material relating to a Brighton funeral company, etc. (A carton)

WORLD WAR II: AVIATION SKETCHBOOK: A volume of approx. fifty accomplished sketch diagrams of World War II American military aircraft and naval craft; with related sketches of bombs, armaments, flying formations, artillery, etc., all annotated in red ink, presumably assembled by a British serviceman, interspersed with manuscript tables giving details of non-combat military casualties, some leaves loose, small folio, government issue album, worn and marked with covers coming loose. (1)

FIRST WORLD WAR DIARY: COLES (2nd Lt., A.E.): 'Leaving Rouen for the Somme, Le 22me. Janvier, 1917..'; privately printed after his death in action, a postcard portrait of him with manuscript note indicating him to have been reported missing at Messines Ridge, Belgium, October 4 1917. 8vo, burgundy calf covers, gilt lettered to upper board, a little rubbed and bumped; together with a second copy of the same. Scarce. (2)

PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS: An album of forty eight Kodak snapshots of life in India during the First World War, upper free endpaper with decorative hand written inscription.. 'Rawalpindi, 22 Batty Motor Machine Guns, India, 1917', each image annotated in lower margin and including native groups, tea pickers, etc.; together with another slightly larger format album circa 1904-06, containing approx. ninety photographs including twenty eight views of yachts and sixteen of ships, most views identified in manuscript, oblong 4to and 8vo Kodak albums of blue cloth, minor wear to extrems, condition generally sound. (Two albums)

1840 (May 4th) Penultimate Day of Uniform Penny Post: Entire with "PAID MY 4 1840" cds, "PAID AT LEEDS" H/S both in red, also stamped "1d" in red. Black circular double ring "LEEDS My 4 1840" datestamp. Front & reverse show manuscript date 2nd May 1840.

CHRISTINA: (1626-1689) Queen of Sweden 1633-54. D.S., Christina, as Queen, two pages, folio, Stockholm, 23rd July 1649, in Swedish. The manuscript document is an extended permit issued to the Duchess of Croy, and her son Erust Bowusla, Duke of Croy, who according to an agreement had been permitted for the last five years to ship, duty free, fifty tons of grain from the port of Stettin in Hommed, and allowing the shipments to continue duty free for the next five years and ordering that all customs officials be made aware of the renewal of the existing permit. Signed by the Queen at the conclusion. With blank integral leaf. The circular remnants of a seal appear beneath the signature and have caused two pale, light circular stains to the first page, both of which only very slightly affect the text, which remains completely legible. VG

PITT WILLIAM: The Younger (1759-1806) British Prime Minister 1783-1801, 1804-06. D.S., W Pitt, one page, folio, Whitehall Treasury Chambers, 23rd November 1782. The manuscript warrant is addressed to the Duke of Newcastle, Auditor of the Receipt of His Majesty's Exchequer, and orders him to pay Viscount Hinchingbrook the sum of £77.9.5½ for forty seven days service as Vice Chamberlain to King George III. Signed by Pitt at the foot in his capacity as Chancellor of the Exchequer and countersigned by Richard Jackson (c.1721-1787) British Lawyer and Politician and Edward James Eliot (1758-1797) English Politician and friend and brother-in-law of Pitt. With blank integral leaf. Some light age wear and some neat splitting at the edges of the central horizontal fold causing a small area of paper loss to the left edge, only very slightly affecting one word of text and not the signatures. G Henry Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794) 2nd Duke of Newcastle. Auditor of the Exchequer 1751-94. John Montagu (1744-1814) 5th Earl of Sandwich. Viscount Hinchingbrooke. British Peer and Politician, Vice-Chamberlain of the Household 1771-82.

Ceylon. Revenues. 1941 100r purple and blue, line perf 14, used with manuscript and small punch cancellations; slight colour diffusion. (The puncture in the surface was made by a small circular device which impressed the stamp onto the document.) Rare. KG VI Expertising Certificate (2014). Barefoot 12 var.

India. 1855 4a pale blue and red horizontal pair, Head III, Frame II (positions 17-18), close spacing; excellent margins. Each with '1' in bars of Bombay. Part red transit/arrival CDS and reduced manuscript cancel, an attractive pair, ex The Collection of a Gentleman.SG 24 (£2500)

India. 1865-76 CANCELLED overprints on ½a, 8p, 9p, 1a, 2a, 6a, 6a8p, 8a, 12a and 1r, each fresh unmounted mint. Also 8a Service pair mint, minor faults, each with manuscript 'Cancelled'. A good group. Between SG 54-82, O30

GRENADA, 1784 entire sent from Grenada to Glasgow via "Kingston", a 350 ton ship. Landed at Deal & has a two line "DEAL/SHIP LRE" cachet. Has various manuscript rates. Reverse has part London Bishop mark & Edinburgh Bishop mark "MR/19". (Ex Alcock)

MAURITIUS POSTAL HISTORY , two pre paid envelopes sent to Cape of Good Hope: 1857 mourning envelope with "Mauritius GPO" crown datestamp, manuscript "8" & two red oval Cape Town arrival datestamps on the reverse. 1853 envelope with "Packet Letter, Mauritius" oval datestamp. Reverse has a Cape Town cds in red.

A 19TH CENTURY PERSIAN ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPT depicting figures on horseback within a landscape. 11.5ins x 7ins.

Herbert-George 'The Temple Sacred Poems and Private Ejaculations' Printed from the manuscript in the Bodleian Library by the Nonesuch Press, London 1927, Reuleaux 'Kinematics of Machinery',' Lives of the Engineers' by Smiles, 'The mechanics Oracle and Artisans and Laboratory and Workshop', 1825, further books on watch repairing, Industrial Biography, TS Eliot, 'The Cocktail Party', 'History of England' etc. (27)

The Stall plates of the knights of the Order of the Garter 1348-1485 With 90 full sized coloured facsimile's of The Coats of Arms, published by Archibald Constable, Westminster 1901, further volumes to include banners, standards and badges from a Tudor manuscript in the collection of arms, published by the De Walden Library 1904, Fairburns Crest of Great Britain and Ireland, English Heraldry by Charles Boutell, a book tipped in illustrations of the arms of the English Cardinals etc. (19) (illustrated)

A collection of 8 c.18th century handwritten manuscript recipes to include pages with 1820 watermark & Brittania watermarks. Recipes include Mock Turtle Soup (from the Lord Mayor's cook), Fried Oysters & Preserved Cucumbers.

La Derniere Guerre des Betes. Fable pour Servir a l' Histoire du XVIII Siecle. Par l'Auteur d' Abassai. 1st Ed. Scarce. 8vo. Half title, errata leaf at end (some light staining) Contemporary red morocco-backed marbled boards (rubbed andscuffed). Provenance: Robert Rutherford, armorial bookplate; Roger Senhouse, [19]43 (signature on front pastedown). On one of the rear endpapers, Roger Senhouse (1899-1970) provides a brief manuscript biography of the author and a "key" to this elaborate allegory: (ie. Lion = The French. Leopard = The English.etc. [1]

An Indian manuscript page, painted with courting lovers, watercolour and gouache, calligraphy to verso, 21cm x 14.5cm, 18th/19th century; an Indian textile panel, worked in gilt thread and silks with flowerheads and motifs, 40cm x 40cm (2)

A large inscribed African Islamic wooden Teaching Board, with pierced handle, and with manuscript text from The Quran? 47cms 21.5cms (18 1/2" x 8 1/2"). (1)

The Billy Newport Fishing Records Fishing Notes & Reports: Newport (R.V.F.) A group of 10 manuscript copy books/ notebooks each records the type and number of fish caught where caught, weather and other remarks by the late Billy Newport, over the period 1941 - 1995 (more than half a century) all in a clear hand. The earlier notebooks also records the birds and animals shot by himself. A truly unique record. As manuscripts, w.a.f. (1) Provenance: Billy Newport Fishing Collection.

A late 19th Century carved and pierced Chinese hardwood Bridge with five carved jade elephants, with manuscript label underneath. (6)

Hunting Prints: "Tally Ho," The Hunt in full flight, after Lionel Edwards, & signed by artist, & R.E. Wallace, with some of the hounds identified in manuscript; another similar hunting print "Various English Hunts," after Jay Hawken, signed and Limited 248 (750); and another after John King, "The Tipperary Hunt at Clonbonane," signed Limited Edn., 330 (750); and two other smaller ditto. (5) Provenance: Formerly in the Collections at Postlip Hall, Cheltenham or Ballyvolane Stud, Co. Limerick.

William S. O'Brien - Thomas Francis Meagher The Young Irelanders & Isaac Butt Manuscript - A rare embossed card, signed at Clonmel Gaol in Oct. 1848 with the original signatures of The Young Irelanders, William Smith O'Brien, Thomas Francis Meagher, Thos. Bellew Mc Manus, Patrick O'Donoghue, Colman M. O'Loghlin, and also signed by Isaac Butt, James Whiteside, & James Meagher, approx. 18.5 cms x 22 cms (7 1/4" x 8 1/2"), in hogarth frame. (1)

An early 17th Century carved oak Bible Box, with plank top carved front and sides, and dated 1606 or 1686, the interior lined with near contemporary stencilled pictorial paper and a manuscript note, on a somewhat later stand with turned supports and square stretchers, some alterations, approx. 80cms (31 1/2") high; 70cms (27 1/2") wide. (1) Provenance: Formerly in the Collections at Postlip Hall, Cheltenham or Ballyvolane Stud, Co. Limerick.

BAKST LEON: (1866-1924) Russian Painter, closely associated with Sergei Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes for whom he designed sets and costumes. A.L.S., Leon Bakst, one page, 8vo, Boulevard Malesherbes, 21st December 1912, to a gentleman (apparently a publisher), in French. Bakst forwards his correspondent a manuscript (no longer present) concerning his early life and grants his authority for any alterations to be made. With blank integral leaf. Two very small, minor pin holes to the upper left corner, VG

DU MAURIER DAPHNE: (1907-1989) British Author. Conclusion of an A.L.S., Daphne, two pages, 8vo, Menabilly, Par, Cornwall, n.d. (1961), to [Foy Quiller-Couch]. The concluding part of the letter begins with a reference to her husband, Frederick Browning, 'Guardsman has had his crest re-designed by College of Arms to be correct. I rather go below….' and continues to refer to one of her books, 'No, the cover of Castle Dor could be a lot worse, but its rather silly, I think. Like the cover of a child's adventure story. But perhaps that is what it really is! I am used to brick-bats, but it would be awful if they mocked Father. Or alternatively said I had ruined his beautiful style. Anyway, you approved of all of it, so nothing else matters'. One crease to the lower left corner, otherwise VG Foy Quiller-Couch - daughter of British writer Arthur Quiller-Couch (1863-1944), and a life-long friend of Du Maurier. Indeed, Du Maurier was accompanied by Foy Quiller-Couch when she became inspired with the storyline for her novel Jamaica Inn. In 1930, apparently around the time of the present letter, the two ladies were staying at Jamaica Inn and went riding on Bodmin Moor. They became lost in bad weather conditions and apparently sheltered for some time in a derelict cottage on the moor but were eventually led back to Jamaica Inn by their horses. Castle Dor is a historical novel by Daphne Du Maurier, published in 1961 after she had completed the unfinished manuscript of Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch's last novel. Quiller-Couch's daughter, Foy, had given her blessing for Du Maurier to complete the work.

LEO XIII: (1810-1903) Pope of the Roman Catholic Church 1878-1903. Ink signature ('Leo P. P. XIII') as Pope on an oblong 8vo piece removed from the conclusion of a letter, with three lines of manuscript text in another hand above, Rome, 22nd January 1879. A further nine lines of text appear to the verso. One heavy fold and some light age wear, not affecting the signature, about VG

BUBER MARTIN: (1878-1965) Austrian-born Jewish Philosopher. T.L.S., Buber, one page, 8vo, Jerusalem, 20th July 1961, to Dr. Bernhard Rang, in German. Buber states that he was delighted to have received the good news from his correspondent and continues to explain that he is sending a manuscript separately, explaining 'The letters would have to be surveyed first and photo[graphed crossed through in Buber's hand]copied…I do not wish to let the originals out of my hands' and adding that he has lost two manuscripts in recent years. In concluding Buber writes 'I myself have not yet seen Melzer's new edition, of which you write. I only know of it because Dr. Robert Weltsch who wrote the epilogue (not Schoeps, as you write in your letter) had asked me for material at the time'. Accompanied by the original envelope (postage stamp neatly cut away). VG

'…we must prevent the Brethren of Mercy from selling drugs…' VAN SWIETEN GERARD: (1700-1772) Dutch-Austrian Physician. Personal Physician and Librarian to the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa. Van Swieten is also remembered for his important work in the fight against superstition, particularly in the case of vampires, during the enlightenment. An interesting manuscript D.S., Van Swieten, two pages, 4to, n.p. (Vienna), 15th February 1767, in French. The holograph document, prepared for Empress Maria Theresa, is headed Note On the Decree concerning the Brethren of Mercy and states, in part, 'Here is what I have found in the Decree. I did not expect it at all. The defence is absolute, clear, and precise, we must prevent the Brethren of Mercy from selling drugs….Instead of using the term medications, they use praparatorum, which is ambiguous and can be taken for very fine and intangible powders as well as some chemical preparations. With such defence, the Brethren of Mercy can sell drugs, make decoctions, infusions, ointments, plasters and so on, as they have always done….Whoever drew up this Decree has made this ruse to evade the will of Her Majesty. The real defence, according to the will of Her Majesty, is that the Brethren of Mercy cannot sell any remedy, either simple, or compound, or prepared, under any pretext whatsoever. It is surprising that people dare doing such tricks.' To the right margin of the second page Empress Maria Theresa has added an endorsement, in the form of an A.N.S., with her initials, 'Je l'ais resolve ainsi', agreeing with Van Switen's observations. With blank integral leaf. VG Maria Theresa (1717-1780) Holy Roman Empress 1745-65, Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Croatia 1740-80.

VAN SWIETEN GERARD: (1700-1772) Dutch-Austrian Physician. Personal Physician and Librarian to the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa. Van Swieten is also remembered for his important work in the fight against superstition, particularly in the case of vampires, during the enlightenment. An interesting manuscript D.S., Van Swieten, three pages, 4to, n.p. (Vienna), 12th May 1765, in French. The holograph document, prepared for Empress Maria Theresa, is headed Note Concerning the Professorship of Anatomy, which is vacant since the death of Professor Gasser and states, in part, ‘There were six applicants for this position. After a long deliberation on the personal qualities of each of them with Kesler, we decided that….two deserved consideration. Matheus Collin Luxembourger. He is 31, and graduated here in Vienna with high distinction….and he often studies tirelessly. Antonius Hirsh who is the son of the doctor of the same name, who has been practicing for a long time in the city. He was born in Vienna, is 21 years, and graduated here in Vienna with high distinction. This young man has promise, if he continues as he began. I asked Collin to give us a lesson on Anatomy….behind closed doors. Kesler and I were the only listeners in order not to expose the applicant if he did not succeed. I asked the same of Hirsh….exactly the same way. We both unanimously felt that Collin was preferable both for Anatomic Science and for the way he expressed himself. For this reason, I have the honour of proposing Collin for the vacant position. However prudence still demands to take some precautions. After the feast of Pentecost, to make him teach lessons on Osteology, which is the basis of Anatomy….with full freedom to fire him if he did not give satisfaction. His age and his hard work give me great hope….If he succeeds, we could give him title….including the annual wage of 1500f, as Your Majesty has granted to the professorship of Anatomy…’ To the right margin of the third page Empress Maria Theresa has added an endorsement, in the form of an A.N.S., with her initials, ‘Placet’, consenting to Van Swieten’s recommendation. Some light, extremely minor age toning to the head of the pages, otherwise VG Maria Theresa (1717-1780) Holy Roman Empress 1745-65, Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Croatia 1740-80.

[ELIZABETH I]: (1533-1603) Queen of England & Ireland 1558-1603. Manuscript Document from the reign of Elizabeth I, two pages, slim oblong 4to, n.p., 12th November 1560. The document, written in Latin to the recto and in English to the verso, is a legal bond of Humphrey Davenport to John and Elizabeth Barbor for the performance of a Covenant made in an Indenture of the same day. The Latin text comprises ten lines. Some irregular trimming at the base and some light age wear, generally VG

[CHARLES I]: (1600-1649) King of England, Scotland & Ireland 1625-49. Manuscript Document, two pages, folio, n.p. (London), 5th November 1640, being a contemporary fair copy of a speech made by King Charles I to Parliament, and stating, in part, 'I doo expect that you will make a effort relation to the house of commons of what I said this last daie & to comend to your care those great affaires for which I have called you hither & to express what wish I have imposed in them having freely put my self on their love & affections at this time & that you maie....know my intentions. I will now explain one point that I spoke of last daie I told you that the Nobles were to be put out of this Kingdome. I must make all them soo, soo long as they have an Army to invade us. Although because of this Treaty under the great Seale I call them onlie my Subjects & they are too. Now you....want to doo it by force or by fair means but the last is that I wish & hope may be effected. Therefore, that you maie not....that I have exported or brought you a War as those words might seem to import, I will....show you....state of my affaires as they stand at this present. First therefore I must tell you that when I did call my....great counsell at Yorke& there did declare this Parliament. I did expect to have met you at that time only to have given you a gracious Answer....How I was in good hope by your Lords wisdome....to have made an end of our New Year trouble. But I must tell you yet my subjects of Scotland did finde out such shift & delaies as it was not possible for us to end this Treatys power and in this I can not....blame my Lordes who went to Rippon, but on the contrary I must thank them....It was thought fit to....cessation of Arms & so to transforme the Treatie from Rippon to London whence I shall conclude nothing without your knowledge & I doubt not but likewise with your approbation & likewise I desire you all my actions....should be....understood (as having not bin done....) I shall in time leave upon unto you from the beginning all the heedings of this weighty business & how those great misunderstandings have grown....between mee & my Scottish subjects, And I doubt not but in this treatie with your assistance that I shall make them either know their justice by submitting to what is reason, or if they shall still persist in their rebellious humour....' With blank integral leaf. Some small tears and areas of paper loss to the edges and light dust staining, G The Treaty of Ripon was an agreement signed by Charles I and the Scottish Covenanters on 26 October 1640, and was a major setback for the King. The terms of the Treaty were humiliating; it stipulated that Northumberland and County Durham were to be ceded to the Scots as an interim measure, that Newcastle was to be left in the hands of the Scots, and that King Charles was to pay them £850 a day to maintain their armies there. This treaty was a factor leading to the calling of a session of Parliament, now known as the Long Parliament. The present manuscript dates from this session, which was one of the major stepping stones to the outbreak of the First English Civil War.

CHARLES II: (1630-1685) King of England, Scotland & Ireland 1660-85. An excellent D.S., Charles R (a fine example), as King (in exile), one page, folio, Louvre at Paris, 25th June 1652. The elegantly penned manuscript document states, ‘We have received so good information of your affection and zeale to our service, that we are most confident you will gladly embrace any opportunity to contribute your utmost endeavours to the advancmt. thereof, and to the recovery of yo. Countrey from the oppression, misery and dishoner it now groanes under by the insolence and tyranny of our English rebells, who propose to themselves the absolute change of the whole Government thereof, and the extirpation of the ancient Nobility and Gentry of that our Kingdome, and the entire subjecting of it to their Arbitrary and Lawlesse Jurisdiction; which every true Scotchman must from his heart abhorre;’ and continues to inform the unknown recipient ‘…we have appointed Lieutent. Generall Middleton (to whose fidelity and conduct we have committed the managery of that great affaire) to communicate our purpose unto you, that we are resolved to leave no way unattempted on our part, whereby we may suppresse those wicked rebels, and relieve our good Subjects of that Kingdome….We desire you to give him your best assistance, in such manner, as upon conference with him….And whatsoever part you shall beare in this good worke, upon information given us by our said Lieutenant Generall, We shall for the present acknowledge, and gratify and reward assoone as it shalbe in our power….’ With blank integral leaf bearing a few minor remains of the wax seal. Professionally cleaned and restored to a very high standard. VG John Middleton (c.1608-1674) 1st Earl of Middleton. Scottish Army Officer who joined King Charles II when the monarch reached Scotland in 1650. Middleton was a captured following the Battle of Worcester, where he commanded the Royalist cavalry, but he escaped from the Tower of London to Paris. In 1653, Middleton was chosen by Charles II to head the projected rising in Scotland. He reached Scotland in February 1654, but the insurrection was a complete failure. Its leader, who could not be held responsible for the result, remained in Scotland until 1655, when he rejoined Charles II, who created him Earl of Middleton in 1656.

CHARLES II: (1630-1685) King of England, Scotland & Ireland 1660-85. A good D.S., Charles R, as King, at the head, one page (vellum), oblong folio, Court at Whitehall, 26th February 1677/8. The manuscript document is a military commission appointing Thomas Fairfax to be a Captain 'of a Company of Foote raised and to be raysed for Our service in the Regiment whereof Sir Henry Goodricke Knt & Bart is Colonell'. Countersigned at the foot by Henry Coventry (1619-1686) English Politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department 1672-74 and Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1674-80. Some light overall age wear and a slight circular stain where the seal would have originally been affixed. About VG Sir Henry Goodricke (1642-1705) English Baronet and Member of Parliament, British Envoy Extraordinary to Spain 1679-83.

[JAMES II & VII]: (1633-1701) King of England & Ireland and King of Scotland (as James VII) 1685-88. A good, large document with an Initial Letter Portrait, one page (vellum), large folio, Westminster, c.1686-88, in Latin. The fine steel engraved portrait of King James II appears to the left of his name ('Jacobus Secundus Dei gra') and a highly attractive and ornate upper border featuring images of a lion, dragon, unicorn and serpents. With additional borders to the left and right featuring a simpler design of foliage. The manuscript Latin text constitutes a foot of the fine and states, in part, 'Know Ye that among the records and Feet of Fines with the proclamations thereof made according to the form of the Statute in that case lately enacted and provided....This is the Final Concord made in the court of our Lord King at Westminster...' Signed ('J Rex') on behalf of the King in the hand of a Court officer at the foot to the strips of vellum which would have originally been attached to the seal (no longer present). With some light overall age wear, most evident at the folds. About VG

ANNE: (1665-1714) Queen of England, Scotland & Ireland 1702-07 and Queen of the Kingdom of Great Britain 1707-14. D.S., Anne R, as Queen, at the head, one page (vellum), oblong folio, Court at St. James's, 27th January 1703. The manuscript document is a military commission appointing James Otway ('We reposing especiall Trust and Confidence in Your Loyalty, Courage and good Conduct...') to be a Captain of a Troop in the Regiment of Horse commanded by Brigadier Daniel Harvey. Countersigned at the foot by Daniel Finch (1647-1730) 2nd Earl of Nottingham, 7th Earl of Winchilsea. English Statesman, Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1702-04. With blind embossed paper seal affixed in the upper left corner. Some very light overall age wear and minor rubbing at the folds, only very slightly affecting a few words of text and not the signatures. About VG James Otway (1672-1725) English Soldier, later Governor of St. Philips Castle in the island of Minorca. Daniel Harvey (c.1664-1732) British General and Member of Parliament. Colonel of the 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) 1699-1712.

GEORGE I: (1660-1727) King of Great Britain and Ireland 1714-27. An historic D.S., George R (a good, bold example), as King, at the head, one page, folio, Court at Kensington, 4th September 1722. The manuscript document is addressed to Thomas, Earl of Macclesfield, Lord Chancellor, and is a Warrant for affixing the Great Seal to an Act of Guaranty and states, in part, ‘Our Will and Pleasure is that you forthwith cause Our Great Seal of Great Britain to be affixed to Two Instruments of the same Tenour and bearing Date with these Presents (a copy whereof is hereunto annexed) containing Our Ratifications of an Act to guarantee to the King of Sardinia the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Cessions made to him in the Dutchy of Milan which Act was concluded and signed at Wersailles the 27/16th of August last past by Our Right Trusty and Welbeloved Charles Lord Whitworth on our part, and the Count Fleurian de Morville on the part of Our good Brother the most Christian King….’ Countersigned at the foot by John Carteret (1690-1763) 2nd Earl Granville. British Statesman, Lord President of the Council 1751-63. Carteret served as British Prime Minister for four days in February 1746. The original manuscript Latin transcript of the agreement is still present, three pages, folio, attached to the inside of the Warrant by the original ribbon, affixed beneath the blind embossed paper seal attached to the upper left corner of the Warrant. The Latin transcript states, in part, ‘Their Britannic and Most Christian Majesties [King George I and King Louis XV of France] desiring to omit nothing that could more and more greatly confirm the dispositions of the above said treaties concluded in London, and assured that Their Imperial and Catholic Majesties [Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI and King Philip V of Spain] are of the same mind in the pursuit of this goal, as well as striving to bind the King of Sardinia by new pledges of their friendship from day to day, declare that the Kingdom of Sardinia and the parts of the Duchy of Milan ceded to the same King are fully comprehended in the cessions made by the Catholic King [Philip IV] by means of his renunciation of the Kingdoms and states previously belonging to the Spanish monarchy….For which reason they obligate themselves anew, as they acknowledge themselves to be already obligated by the terms of the above-mentioned London treaties, to provide a surety or guarantee of the disposition made of the said Kingdom of Sardinia and the said parts of the Duchy of Milan in favour of the King of Sardinia, and they engage themselves to wish to maintain and defend the aforementioned Majesty of the King of Sardinia in the possession of the said Kingdom and the said parts against all force and disturbance that could be brought to bear against him or his successors against the terms of the aforesaid treaties, under the pretext of nullity or some defect in the said renunciations. This instrument of guarantee, for its greater strength, will be duly confirmed by the ratifications of His Royal Majesty of Great Britain [George I] and His Most Christian Royal Majesty [Louis XV] and the records of ratification will be delivered within the space of six weeks, or sooner if possible, to the King of Sardinia's legate in Paris. In witness whereof we the undersigned plenipotentiary ministers of His Royal Majesty of Great Britain and His Most Christian Royal Majesty, supplied with sufficient mandates for this purpose, have signed two copies of this instrument and validated them with our seals.....' An historic document for its significance in Italian history. Some extremely minor, light age wear to the edges, otherwise VG

GEORGE III: (1738-1820) King of the United Kingdom 1760-1820. A good, early D.S., George R, just two days after becoming King, at the head, one page (vellum), oblong folio, Court at Saville House, 27th October 1760. The manuscript document is a military commission appointing Anthony St. Legor (sic) to be a Major in the 21st Regiment of Dragoons or Royal Forresters commanded by John Manners, Marquess of Granby. Countersigned at the foot by William Pitt (1708-1778) The Elder. 1st Earl of Chatham. British Prime Minister 1766-68, Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1756-57, 1757-61. With blind embossed paper seal affixed. Some light dust staining and a few very small, extremely minor tears at the edges, not affecting the signatures. About VG Anthony St. Leger (c.1731-1786) British Army Officer and Horse Racing Enthusiast. Founder of the St. Leger Stakes horse race. Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classics. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four. John Manners (1721-1770) Marquess of Granby. English Lieutenant-General. Granby served in the Seven Years' War as overall commander of the British troops on the battlefield and was subsequently rewarded with the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Forces. He was popular with his troops and many public houses are still named after him today.

GEORGE III: (1738-1820) King of the United Kingdom 1760-1820. D.S., George R, as King, at the head, two pages, folio, Court at Saint James's, 1st February 1802. The manuscript document is addressed to Sir John Eamer, Lord Mayor of London, and concerns the collection for the poor, stating, in part, 'being informed that the poorer Sort of Our Subjects in and about Our City of London do suffer great Hardships at this time and being graciously disposed to do all that lies in Us for their Relief and Support, We have thought fit to signify...the...Lord Bishop of London, that he takes care for Publication to be made in all the Parish Churches within Our said City and Liberties thereof....the Church Wardens and Overseers of the poor of each Parish to collect the benevolence of charitable and well disposed people at their respective Dwellings within each Parish for and towards the support and relief of Our said poor Subjects and to cause the Money so collected to be paid immediately into the Chamber of London to be distributed....as You and the said Lord Bishop shall think fit and to the End Our Intention may be the more effectual....by your Encouragement and Endeavour, Our good Subjects inhabiting in Our said City....may be induced to a more than ordinary Demonstration of their Compassion and Liberality on this occasion...' Countersigned at the conclusion by Thomas Pelham (1756-1826) 2nd Earl of Chichester. Home Secretary 1801-03. With integral address leaf with a blind embossed paper seal affixed. Some light age wear and a small area of paper loss to the head of the document, close to, but not affecting the King's signature. About VG Sir John Eamer (1750-1823) Eminent British Grocer and Lord Mayor of London 1801. Beilby Porteus (1731-1809) English Clergyman, Bishop of London 1787-1809. Porteus was the first Anglican in a position of authority to seriously challenge the Church's position on slavery.

[GEORGE III]: (1738-1820) King of the United Kingdom 1760-1820. A good, large printed broadside, one page, folio, London, 1814. The document, printed by George Eyre and Andrew Strahan, is a proclamation issued by George, Prince Regent, Prince of Wales, in the name and on behalf of his father, King George III, following 'a Definitive Treaty of Peace and Friendship' having been concluded at Paris on 30th May, and stating that 'the same be published throughout all His Majesty's Dominions: And We do declare to all His Majesty's loving Subjects Our Will and Pleasure, that the said Treaty of Peace and Friendship be observed inviolably, as well by Sea as Land, and in all places whatsoever...' Given at the Court at Carlton House, 17th June 1814. The manuscript ink names of Benjamin Bickley and Philip George, High Sheriffs of Bristol, along with the date 27th June 1814, appear at the foot of the document alongside the printed words God save the King. Professionally strengthened to the verso and with some light staining and minor age wear, only very slightly affecting a few words of text (which remain perfectly legible). G The present proclamation relates to the Treaty of Paris of 1814 which ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, forcing the abdication of Napoleon and driving him into exile on Elba.

WILLIAM IV: (1765-1837) King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland 1830-37. A good D.S., William R, as King, at the head, one page, folio, Court at St. James's, 2nd August 1831. The manuscript document is addressed to Viscount Sidmouth and informs him that the 8th September 'is appointed for the Royal Solemnity of Our and the Queen's Coronation' and further commands that 'you and the Viscountess your Wife (all excuses set apart) to make your personal attendance on Us....and appointed as to your Rank and Quality appertaineth, there to do and perform all such services as shall be required....' Countersigned at the foot by Bernard Howard (1765-1842) 12th Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal. Very slightly irregularly trimmed to the edges and lightly laid down at the corners within a plain folio folder. About VG Henry Addington (1757-1844) Viscount Sidmouth. British Prime Minister 1801-04. The Reform crisis saw a brief interlude for the celebration of King William IV's Coronation on 8 September 1831. The King had wished to dispense with the ceremony entirely, feeling that his wearing the crown while proroguing Parliament answered any need. However, he was persuaded otherwise by traditionalists, although the King insisted on it being held at a low cost. Upon his instructions, the Privy Council budgeted less than £30,000 for the Coronation. Some traditionalist Tories, of which Sidmouth was one, threatened to boycott what they called the 'Half-Crown Nation'.

VICTORIA: (1819-1901) Queen of the United Kingdom Great Britain & Ireland 1837-1901. An unusual D.S., Victoria R I, as Queen, at the head, three pages, folio, Court at Saint James's, 2nd December 1887. The manuscript document, on the blind embossed stationery of the Secretary for Scotland, re-appoints Sir James Ramsay Gibson Maitland to be a member of the Fishery Board for Scotland for a second term of five years. Countersigned at the conclusion by Schomberg Kerr (1833-1900) Marquess of Lothian. British Diplomat and Politician, Secretary for Scotland 1887-92. Some very light foxing to parts of the second and third pages, only very slightly affecting the text, which remains perfectly legible. About VG Sir James Ramsay Gibson Maitland (1848-1897) Convener of Stirlingshire and Member of the Fishery Board for Scotland 1882-92.

DE'MEDICI CATHERINE: (1519-1589) Italian Noblewoman, Queen of France 1547-59, wife of King Henry II. D.S., Catherine, one page, folio, Paris, 7th August 1587, in French. The manuscript document is issued by Catherine in her capacity as Queen Mother and states, in part, 'desiring to satisfy Guillaume Collet and his co-heir of the sum of eight hundred forty francs forty three sous which is due to them as the remainder of a larger sum. Because of a piece of embroidery furnished for the service of Her Majesty by the late Romain Collet, and the said lady not having any means to acquit promptly the said piece, (she) had commanded and ordered M. Raoul Feron, her Counsellor Treasurer and receiver general of finances that....he is to give and deliver to him his bank and receipt for such a sum...' Signed by Catherine at the foot and also bearing a countersignature. With blank integral leaf. VG

[JOANNA OF CASTILE]: (1479-1555) Juana la Loca. Queen of Castile from 1504 and of Aragon from 1516-55. Daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isablella I of Castile and mother of Charles V. In 1506 Joanna was deemed mentally ill and was confined to a nunnery for the rest of her life. A good, rare D.S. by both Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros (1436-1517) Spanish Cardinal and Statesman and Adriaan Florensz Boeyens (1459-1523) Adrian of Utrecht, later Pope Adrian VI, individually, in their capacities as Inquisitors and co-Regents of Spain, one page, folio, Madrid, 18th October 1516. The attractively penned manuscript document is an official Royal order to the cities of Loja and Alhama and states, 'You are well aware, and everyone knows the profit and the usefulness that have followed, and do follow, from [the practice of] compounding for Our Revenues, to the benefit of Our subjects and of the natives of these Our kingdoms, who are hereby spared from the frauds, extortions, losses and violence which they are accustomed to suffer from the collectors when these taxes have to be raised by means of demands and collections. So Our will is, in order to benefit you and do you a favour, to preserve this [custom] and, since the Royal revenues due from your cities come to the end of their farms and compositions this present year of 1516, and since We have been offered certain amounts for your taxes in years to come, at reasonable prices, We therefore command that you send your representatives with adequate powers within 25 days from when you see this, to appear before Our accountants, so you can take on, if you so wish, responsibility for supplying the said revenues by compounding with the persons with whom your said representatives may come to an agreement. And if your representatives do not come within the prescribed period, We shall command you to receive the said persons who will put Our revenues into order by collection procedures, and [in that case] the procedure of compounding will not be available to you in future, save for those revenues above and beyond what the collectors take, agreeably with the order for compounding, and according to Our will…' Signed by the co-regents with their names alone at the foot of the document. Some light uniform water staining to the right edge of the document, only very slightly affecting the text and the future Pope Adrian's signature, all of which remain perfectly legible. One very neat, minor split at the central fold to the left edge. About VG The present documet reflects the advanced fiscal policies following precedents established by Queen Isabella. Realistic rather than cynical, the instructions allude to an acceptance of the fact of life and counsel the municipalities of Loja and Alhama to make the best of the penalties the citizens will have to suffer anyway. The licensed violence of publicans and tax gatherers, which inspired such hated and popular resistance from Classical to almost modern time is here documented on the highest authority. It was Cardinal Ximenex de Cisneros who originally tempered Queen Isabella's insistence on maximal tax yield by suggesting that cities collect the taxes by their own assessments and procedures and hand over the proceeds as a lump sum of predictable amount, regularly delivered over the period of years, for which the city contracted to raise its own taxes. The taxes in question were chiefly forms of the old Castilian alcabala, based on Moorish precedents. This was essentially a sales tax levied on most commodities at all stages of their distribution, though other excise taxes also entered into the assessments. They were the principal exception to the customary rule of thumb that the Crown should live 'of its own' except for purposes of war, for which, above all, Ferdinand and Isabella had secured the permanent grant by the Pope of a 'crusading' tax, the cruzada. Cisneros's concept of inducing cities to contract in advance for supply of their sales taxes in regular gross amounts was known as the encabezamiento, and it not only spared the cities the indignities and losses that forcible tax collection caused, but brought in far more in effective, usable cash to the Royal Treasury. This tax, and this fiscal method, rather than the treasure of America, was what financed Spanish expansion for many years to come.

CHARLES V: (1500-1558) Holy Roman Emperor 1519-56 and King Charles I of Spain 1516-56. D.S., Yo El Rey, as King of Spain, one page, large folio, Madrid, 5th January 1545. The attractively penned manuscript document, in Spanish, is addressed to the Mayor of Granada and informs him that the lawyers of the official court in Granada have informed the King that many times the secrets of legal matters discussed in the courts of the city and its neighbourhood have been revealed and, as important matters, are not being kept in the confidence they should be. The King states that he is sending a representative to investigate the matter and discover which individual is responsible for revealing the secrets and punish them accordingly. Signed by the King at the conclusion and countersigned by Juan Vazquez de Molina. With a blind embossed paper seal affixed to the verso. Some very light, minor age wear and a few small tears to the edges, otherwise VG

CHRISTINA: (1626-1689) Queen of Sweden 1633-54. D.S., Christina, as Queen, two pages, folio, Stockholm, 23rd July 1649, in Swedish. The manuscript document is an extended permit issued to the Duchess of Croy, and her son Erust Bowusla, Duke of Croy, who according to an agreement had been permitted for the last five years to ship, duty free, fifty tons of grain from the port of Stettin in Hommed, and allowing the shipments to continue duty free for the next five years and ordering that all customs officials be made aware of the renewal of the existing permit. Signed by the Queen at the conclusion. With blank integral leaf. The circular remnants of a seal appear beneath the signature and have caused two pale, light circular stains to the first page, both of which only very slightly affect the text, which remains completely legible. VG

GUSTAV III: (1746-1792) King of Sweden 1771-92. The last absolute ruler of Sweden, the King was assassinated at a Masked Ball at the Opera House in Stockholm. D.S., Gustav, as King, two pages, folio, Stockholm, 11th December 1776. The manuscript document is a military commission appointing Baron Hermann Flemming to be a Second Adjutant of the Life Dragoon Royal Regiment. Signed by the King at the conclusion immediately above a blind embossed paper seal. With blank integral leaf. A light circular stain appears to the first page, evidently caused by the seal, only very slightly affecting the text (which remains perfectly legible), otherwise VG

CHARLES XV & IV: (1826-1872) King of Sweden (as Charles XV) and Norway (as Charles IV) 1859-72. D.S., Carl, as King, one page, folio, Stockholm, 3rd April 1860. The manuscript document is a military commission appointing Carl Johan Marianus Burman to be a First Lieutenant with the Westerbotten Regiment. Signed by the King at the conclusion above a blind embossed paper seal. With two attractive printed oblong 8vo receipts, with manuscript additions concerning salary increases, neatly bound in. With blank integral leaf. VG

PITT WILLIAM: The Younger (1759-1806) British Prime Minister 1783-1801, 1804-06. D.S., W Pitt, one page, folio, Whitehall Treasury Chambers, 23rd November 1782. The manuscript warrant is addressed to the Duke of Newcastle, Auditor of the Receipt of His Majesty's Exchequer, and orders him to pay Viscount Hinchingbrook the sum of £77.9.5½ for forty seven days service as Vice Chamberlain to King George III. Signed by Pitt at the foot in his capacity as Chancellor of the Exchequer and countersigned by Richard Jackson (c.1721-1787) British Lawyer and Politician and Edward James Eliot (1758-1797) English Politician and friend and brother-in-law of Pitt. With blank integral leaf. Some light age wear and some neat splitting at the edges of the central horizontal fold causing a small area of paper loss to the left edge, only very slightly affecting one word of text and not the signatures. G Henry Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794) 2nd Duke of Newcastle. Auditor of the Exchequer 1751-94. John Montagu (1744-1814) 5th Earl of Sandwich. Viscount Hinchingbrooke. British Peer and Politician, Vice-Chamberlain of the Household 1771-82.