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Lot 296
A Caughley bread and butter plate, or large saucer dish, transfer-printed in underglaze blue with the Willow Nankin pattern embellished with gilding, unmarked, 19.7cm diameter (gilding rubbed), sold together with a comparison Chinese saucer dish in the same pattern, circa 1776-1780, 16.1cm diameter (cracked) (2)Provenance: The former is Wright Collection no. 797, purchased in 2008 from Ebay, the latter no.868 purchased from Robert Hawker.
Lot 297
A small pie-crust edge Caughley plate transfer-printed with the Gillyflower 4 pattern, circa 1776-80, partial S mark, 16.7cm diameter (small chip to reverse)Provenance: Wright Collection no.832, purchased in 2009 from Bonhams. Literature: The Caughley Society, Caughley Blue and White Patterns, p.86 of CB&W; this is a fourth variation of Caughley's Gillyflower pattern.
Lot 3
A Caughley toy slop bowl painted in the Island pattern, circa 1785-95, painted S mark, 7.1cm diameter, together with another in the same pattern, S mark, (broken and re-glued) (2)Provenance: The undamaged piece is Wright Collection no.982, purchased in 2015 from Martyn Edgell. This by its size and thickness makes it later than the smaller, earlier and thinner version.The second example is Wright Collection no.905, purchased in 2012 from D. Waterhouse.
Lot 30
A Caughley ice pail, cover and inner liner, circa 1786-93, painted with the Dresden Flower pattern in underglaze blue with additional gilt overglaze detail, S mark, 26cm high (has been broken into 17 pieces and re-glued)Provenance: Purchased in 2007 from eBay. See Geoffrey Godden, Caughley & Worcester Porcelains 1775-1800 (1969), pl. 114 where the author speculates that the gilding was probably added by Chamberlain's of Worcester and p. 61 for the list of shapes.The first record of ice cream in this country is 1671 on the menu of a feast for the Knights of the Garter held in St. George's Hall at Windsor Castle. At this time it was considered such an exclusive dish that it appeared only on the king's table. The earliest printed recipe appeared in Mrs Eale's Receipts, a work on confectionary which was published in London, 1718. It was not until the second half of the 18th century that ices became more readily available from confectioner's shops, and these pails were commonly found on upper class homes' sideboards to be used for a dessert of ice cream with cut fruit. If ice alone is used to fill the cover and the bucket, the ice cream melts very quickly. Although there is nothing recorded in literature, it is almost certain that a little salt was sprinkled on the ice. Porcelain is the ideal material for ice cream pails as it is impervious to salt which improves the refrigerant effect. Experiments has shown that ice cream will remain in a frozen state for up to four hours in these ice pails if salt is added to both containers.After a time, a small amount of ice eventually forms on the exterior of the pail - usually causing condensation, and possible adhesion to the table cloth. It is therefore likely that these early pails would have been placed on a plate or stand. Later designs of these pails often had feet to prevent them freezing to the table, and these objects were rarely made beyond the year 1830.
Lot 301
A Caughley dish transfer-printed with the Gillyflower III pattern, circa 1777-80, C mark, 24.9cm wideProvenance: Wright Collection no.820, purchased from Thompson in 2009.Literature: The Caughley Society, 'Caughley Blue and White Patterns' (Llandysul, Gomer Press, 2012) p.85. There are only two examples recorded of both this pattern and shape.
Lot 302
A Caughley dish or large Royal fluted dish transfer-printed with the Sliced Apple pattern, circa 1785, 21.2cm diameter (manufacturing faults to foot rim)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 959, purchased in 2014 from 'Tessadragon' (Ebay), sold as Worcester. Too deep for a saucer dish, neither does the shape of this dish match any of the salad bowls or dessert dishes in Geoffrey Godden's Caughley and Worcester Pattern book. Furthermore, this print does not usually appear on Royal flute.
Lot 306
A Caughley plate painted with a fan-panelled landscape within powder blue ground, circa 1777-85, impressed Salopian and painted faux Chinese mark, 20.2cm diameterProvenance: Wright Collection no. 566 purchased from Phillips in 1998 from the Girling Collection Sale, originally purchased by Girling in April, 1955. Literature: Ironbridge 1999 no.371 and Newsletter 2009 No.40 p.6.
Lot 31
A Caughley button, of small size, with flat face and thread hole to rear, glazed and undecorated and unmarked, circa 1785-95, 1.5cm diameterProvenance: Wright Collection no. 404, purchased in 1989 from Simon Spero. Found at the Caughley site, Simon Spero's bill authenticates this (a photocopy of which accompanies this lot).Literature: See Ironbridge 1999 no.802.
Lot 32
A Caughley spittoon or saffer pot transfer-printed in the Columbine and Ripe Fruit pattern, circa 1778-85, C mark, 10.5cm highProvenance: Wright Collection no. 159, purchased in 1978.The use of spittoons proliferated in public areas such as banks, railways stations, taverns, brothels and other places where large numbers of people (particularly men) gathered.Use of spittoons was considered an advance of public manners and health, intended to replace the previously common practice of spitting on floors, streets, and sidewalks. Many places passed laws against spitting in public other than into a spittoon, however from the 1800s onwards this was mainly discouraged in England due to the idea that it would spread disease such as tuberculosis.
Lot 321
A very rare large Caughley tureen and cover printed in the Gillyflower 5 pattern, circa 1780-85, C mark, 37cm diameter (cover cracked, though some from manufacture)Provenance: Wright Collection no.867, purchased in 2010 from Halls, known affectionately by Maurice and Janet as the 'monstrosity'. This is a very heavy piece and any attempts to lift up the lid by the handle would have undoubtedly led to breakages, making this a rare piece.Literature: Newsletter February 2013 No.45 p.9
Lot 34
A Caughley moulded salad bowl painted with the Bright Sprigs pattern, circa 1780-90, 27.9cm wide (firing fault to the bottom of the dish)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 996 purchased in 2016 from Arabatel Antiques. This is a rare bowl more commonly found in the Pine Cone pattern, and occasionally Fisherman. The delicate painting shows the moulding to the bowl very clearly.
Lot 350
A small Caughley pickle leaf dish transfer-printed with the Pleasure Boat pattern, circa 1780-85, unmarked, 8.4cm wide, a further Caughley pickle leaf dish in the same pattern (small repair, hairline crack), 12cm wide and a Caughley leaf form butter boat also in the Pleasure Boat pattern, unmarked, (glued break), 9cm long (3)Provenance: Mrs B.M Grove Collection.
Lot 36
A Caughley potted meat pot transfer-printed in the Pleasure Boat or Fisherman pattern, circa 1780-90, S mark, 11.9cm wideProvenance: Wright Collection no.869, purchased from J. Pinnick.The preservation of food such as meat or cheese by 'potting' was an important process. It involved sealing food in butter other fat to eliminate its exposure to air which would cause it to go bad, and this process would mean that this food could be kept for weeks or months at a time dependent on the storage conditions. By the 1600s, pots were beginning to replace the heavy crusts which were initially used as a method in this process of preserving meat. These crusts would be used in place of a container to protect the food from the outside environment and were not necessarily always consumed.In order to complete the potting process the meat would be cut into pieces, baked with fresh butter or some form of other fat and seasoned. After pounding with a mortar and pestle the meat would then be stored into pots such as these when they were then heated, cooled and sealed with a final layer of butter. An exception to this rule would sometimes be small birds which could be found potted whole.18th century receipts show that potting was used for a large variety of meats such as ox-tongue, eels, hare and rabbit. A cookery book by Hannah Glasse (1777 and 1787, therefore contemporary to this meat pot) showed that some cooks often kept meat beyond its prime in a refusal to waste it. In which case the meat would be removed from the pot, boiled and re-buttered in order to re-preserve it.Potted meals were prized by places such as Inns, as they provided an easy and reliable source of food for their patrons and ships would maintain a similar store of potted goods in order to facilitate long journeys. Prime cuts of meat were often used and these meat pots were an important feature of many a dinner table in the 18th century.
Lot 39
A Caughley dry mustard pot transfer-printed in the Travellers pattern, circa 1778-85, S mark, 9cm high (chip to rim)Provenance: Wright Collection no.179, purchased in 1979 from Venners.Literature: Stockspring Paul Sandby Exhibition, 2003 and Newsletter December 2003 No.16 p.14. Originally this mustard pot came with an incorrect cover in the Three Flowers pattern. Just prior to this mustard pot being returned after being on show in the Paul Sandby Exhibition the dealer Rod Jellicoe contacted Maurice Wright saying that he had recently obtained a dry mustard pot in the Three Flowers pattern. Upon investigation, Wright found that Jellicoe's mustard pot also had the incorrect cover. Somewhat remarkably, this incorrect cover was in the Travellers print and a swap was therefore made.After 1720, the processing of mustard seeds in a mill would result in a fine flour which came commercially to be known as 'Durham mustard'. Mustard pots such as these would contain either dry or prepared mustard and were considered by contemporary cooks to be a valuable asset in the kitchen.
Lot 4
A Caughley toy cider jug painted with the Island pattern, circa 1780-90, reversed S mark, 5.2cm highProvenance: Wright Collection no.417, purchased in 1990 from Venners. Exhibited at Stockspring October 2001, 'Caughley Toy Wares'.Literature: 'A Bi-centenary Exhibition of Caughley Porcelain c1772-1799' published by the Ironbridge Gorge Museum; no.314 (hereby referred to as 'Ironbridge 1999', and The Caughley Society, 'Caughley Blue and White Patterns', p27.
Lot 41
A small Caughley pot transfer-printed in the Cottage pattern, circa 1783-98, unmarked, 5.8cm high (three hairlines) and a Caughley taster transfer-printed in the Fisherman or Pleasure Boat pattern, circa 1780-90, 5.4cm wide (in pieces and re-glued) (2)Provenance: The Caughley pot is Wright Collection no. 751 and was purchased from R. Hawker in 2006. This pot is a most interesting shape, possibly having had a lid and is not dissimilar to a custard cup though without a handle.The taster is collection no. 511 and was purchased in 1996 from Peter Wilson's.
Lot 42
A Caughley tart or patty pan transfer-printed with the Fruit and Wreath pattern, circa 1780-85, C mark, 10.3cm diameterProvenance: Wright Collection no.518, purchased from Sadler in 1996. This pan is illustrated in Godden pl.185 (left-hand side) where the same imperfection in the pattern can be seen.Food historians suggest that tarts were introduced first in Medieval Times. Unlike pies, these dishes were presented without a top crust which gave the opportunity to create a variety of colourful dishes which could be found either savoury or sweet. 18th century sources demonstrate the large amount of recipes catered towards this popular dish, which could contain anything from meat and vegetables to fruit or cheese.One source addresses the use of these pans directly, saying, 'If you bake in tin Patties, butter them, and you must put a little crust all over, because of the taking them out. If in china, or glass, no crust but the top one. Lay fine sugar at the bottom, then your plumbs, cherries, or any other sort of fruit, and sugar at top; then put on your lid, and bake them in a slack oven.'--The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, Hannah Glasse, facsimile 1747 reprint [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 75)
Lot 44
A deep Caughley bowl painted with the very rare Rock and Willow pattern, possibly a tart pan, circa 1778-85, C mark, 9.8cm diameter and 4.2cm high (chip)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 694, purchased from a Mark Law sale. Literatue: See Auction Cat. Lot 1050. Mark Law 20/5/03, Newsletter Feb 2012 49 pp13-14 and N/L December 2003 No 16 p 12. This pan was formerly in the Godden Collection Z3597 and that of Bill Dickenson. Originally catalogued as Rock Strata Island pattern and as a rare Tart pan, though in fact it is rather tall to be a Tart pan and the rim less thickened than standard. In fact Godden's label says "rare pattern" which was misread as Tart pan. The catalogue illustration did not show the pattern, only the shape so this very rare item was a pleasant surprise to Maurice Wright when it arrived.
Lot 45
An oval Caughley baking dish transfer-printed in the Willow Nankin pattern, circa 1783-90, unmarked, 22.3cm wide (star cracks)Provenance: Wright Collection no.509, purchased in 1996 from Peter Wilsons and ex Godden reference collection. Wright Collection no. 780, purchased from Halls in 2007.Literature: Ironbridge 1999 no.413 and Newsletter May 2013 No.54 pp 13-15.
Lot 46
A Caughley oval baking dish transfer-printed with the Pleasure Boat or Fisherman pattern, circa 1780-90, unmarked, 26.7cm wide (chipped foot rim)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 962, purchased from Robert Hawker at the NEC in 2014. Literature: For a similar example see Godden, Geoffrey; Caughley and Worcester Porcelain 1775-1800, Herbert Jenkins, 1969 plate 87 for a similar example from the author's collection and noted as being made in several different sizes.
Lot 47
A Caughley oval butter dish and cover transfer-printed in the Pine Cone and Three Flowers patterns, circa 1777-82, unmarked, 13.8cm wide (florets missing, chip to cover)Provenance: Wright Collection no.971 in 2015 from Bigwoods.Literature: Newsletter February 2016 No.65, p.21. The prints around the side of the butter dish are the secondary print found on the Pine Cone pattern salad dish. This use of the Pine Cone print on a butter dish has otherwise not been recorded.
Lot 49
A Caughley oval butter dish, cover and stand transfer-printed in the Three Flowers and Butterfly pattern, circa 1778-88, stand marked C, stand 19.5cm wide (3) (base cracked, stand has been in two, cover chipped)Provenance: Wright Collection no.416, purchased in 1990 from K&K. Literature: The Caughley Society, Caughley Blue and White Patterns, p.106 for an illustration of the stand.
Lot 5
A Caughley toy dinner plate painted with the Island pattern, circa 1780-90, unmarked, 4.5cm diameter (has been broken in two), together with a Caughley toy sparrow beak jug painted with the Island pattern, circa 1778-85, painted S mark, 3.7cm high and a Caughley toy milk jug in the Island pattern, circa 1786-93, unmarked, 3.9cm high (been in pieces, re-glued) (3)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 338, purchased from Simon Spero in 1985, exhibited at Stockspring October 2001, 'Caughley Toy Wares'.Wright Collection no. 318 purchased from Geoffrey Godden in 1994. Wright Collection no. 042 purchased from Simon Spero in 1994. Literature: See Ironbridge 1999 no.310 and Ironbridge 1999 no. 318 and The Caughley Society, Caughley Blue and White Patterns, p.27.
Lot 50
A Caughley butter boat transfer-printed with the Fisherman or Pleasure Boat pattern, circa 1793-97, with an unusual curled back handle not dissimilar to blanc de chine examples, unmarked, 8.9cm longProvenance: Wright Collection no. 662, purchased in 2011 from Aurea Carter. This butter boat was originally in a Phillips London sale on 12th September with another damaged example, catalogued as 'rare John or Seth Pennington', however Maurice Hillis maintains they are not Liverpool.
Lot 51
A Caughley butter boat painted with Locre Sprigs, circa 1788-95, unmarked, 7.2cm long (glazed over chip)Provenance: Wright Collection no.426, purchased in 1992 from Venners.This pattern is known in France as Decor à la Brindille which translates literally as 'twig decoration'. This is an uncommon pattern by Caughley which has only been encountered on few pieces such as eye baths, coffee cans and butter boats, as presented here.
Lot 52
A Caughley butter boat painted with the Gillyflower 1 pattern, circa 1780, unmarked, 7.2cm longProvenance: Wright Collection no.964, purchased in 2014 from Darling, NCS.This pattern is mainly found on tea wares, though can appear on pickle leaf dishes, mugs, dessert plates, baskets and dishes. Gillyflower I is a direct copy of the Worcester pattern of the same name though the original inspiration is most likely from a French source.
Lot 53
Two Caughley butter boats painted with the Chantilly Sprigs pattern, circa 1785-95, unmarked, 8.7cm long and 7cm long (one handle crudely repaired) (2)Provenance: The 8.7cm long example is Wright Collection no. 998 and purchased in 2016 from Bulith Wells. This is the large version, and as such is rare in this pattern. The second smaller example is Wright Collection no.980, and was purchased from Mellors & Kirk in 2015 (Roger Edmundson sale).
Lot 54
A rare Caughley leaf dish butter boat painted in the Gooseberry pattern, circa 1776-80, S mark, 8.2cm wide and 7.5cm highProvenance: Wright Collection no.433 purchased in 1993 from Venners. Literature: Ironbridge 1999 no.27, The Caughley Society, Caughley Blue and White Patterns, p.126 and p.214, further illustrated in Godden pl.286 and discussed in a Caughley Newsletter 2016.
Lot 55
A rare Caughley leaf dish butter boat painted in the Gooseberry pattern, circa 1776-80, with both disputed C and S mark, 8.9cm wide and 3.6cm highProvenance: Wright Collection no. 981, purchased in 2015 from Mallams. Literature: Newsletter 2016. Despite the disputed mark this is undoubtedly Caughley with the very rare addition of the S, this possibly being the only example known which such a double mark from the early years of Caughley's production. Though described as a 'crack' in the Mallams auction catalogue, the parting of the seam to the base is almost identical to that of the butter boat in the preceding lot and is a manufacturing flaw.
Lot 57
Two Caughley leaf dish butter boats together painted with Geranium Boat Sprays, circa 1776-80, C mark to one, the other unmarked, 8.5cm long (one broken in two pieces and re-glued) (2)Provenance: The damaged example is Wright Collection no. 368 purchased in 1986 from Venners and the undamaged example is no.309 purchased in 1983 from D. Clark. These boats appear to have been sold as harlequin sets, similar to Worcester hors d'ouerves sets.
Lot 58
A Caughley butter pot, stand and cover, transfer-printed in the Fence pattern, circa 1778-88, the cover with elaborate relief floral terminal, C mark, 8cm high and 11.3cm diameter (one handle re-stuck) (3)Provenance: The pot and cover are Wright Collection no. 721 and were purchased in 2004 from Holland and the stand, collection no.721b was purchased in 2007 from A. Carter.
Lot 59
A rare Caughley pickle leaf dish, an unrecorded shape transfer-printed in the Fisherman or Pleasure Boat pattern, circa 1785-92, unmarked, 7.2cm long (repaired, chipped)Provenance: Wright Collection no. 695, purchased from a Mark Law sale (Lot 1059 20/5/03). Ex Bill Dickenson collection. This dish is a cross between the butter boats with three small feet and the earlier "geranium" boats and is similar to Liverpool examples. Originally with heavy restoration, the removal of this has revealed the true colour of both the porcelain and the pattern. Literature: Newsletter December 2003 no.16 p.12 and Halliday, Richard, 'Pickle Dishes and Milseys' (2011).The term 'pickle' did not necessarily mean the same thing in the 18th century as we associate with it today. Rather than a gherkin, the historical term refers not only to an item which has been pickled or preserved but also to sauces and relishes which were intended to accompany a dish. 'Pickle', therefore could consist of vegetable or fruit pieces within a sauce, perhaps either in combination or alone. Ranging in sweet to savoury in flavour, the one distinguishing and unchanging factor would be that they were always strong in taste with the intent to either add to, or complement, the food it would be served alongside.
Lot 6
A very rare Caughley toy dinner service dish painted in the Island pattern, circa 1780-90, with an associated segmented border, unmarked, 6.2cm diameterProvenance: Wright Collection no. 402, purchased in 1988 from Mansers. Ex Milburn Collection (writer of book on miniatures).Literature: See Ironbridge 1999 no. 315.
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