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Colt Army .45 style blank firing five shot single action revolver with wooden grips, overall length 30cm. 

Rare M-18 German Army Transitional Cavalry / Telegraphists Ear Cut Out Helmet, superb untouched example of the WW1 pattern steel combat helmet which has been re-issued for service during the Third Reich period. The helmet retains much of its original later re-issue paint finish to the exterior and interior of the shell. To one side is an original German army single decal. Large dent to the front of the shell from shrapnel / bullet damage. Helmet retains its original WW2 type leather liner, this is dry and some sections are now missing. Just remains of the original chinstrap remain to the helmet. Shell is stamped “CL64”. Overall a excellent untouched example of a very rare pattern of German steel helmet. These ear cut out helmets were originally designed to be worn by German cavalry troops and telegraphists, the idea being that telegraphists would be able to wear the helmet and still be able to wear a headset to write down communications and cavalry troops would be able to wear the helmet when charging into action and still be able to hear orders from its officers. The helmets were produced in very small numbers compared to the basic pattern steel helmet.

Indian Army Victorian Bombay Native Light Infantry Officers Waist Belt Clasp, fine two piece gilt metal officers waist belt clasp with circlet having regimental details, seeded centre section with crowned silvered bugle with “V” to centre. Generally good overall condition.

Post 1902 Royal Army Medical Corps Officers Home Service Helmet Plate, fine gilt kings crown Royal Arms with three part scroll having “ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL CORPS”. Three lug fittings to the reverse. Remains in good overall condition.

Imperial Japanese Army 2nd Lieutenants Full Dress Uniform, consisting of M1894 pattern officers frock coat with plastron front and double row of gilt metal buttons. Stand up collar in red cloth with bullion edging. Red cuffs with Austrian lace decoration and three gilt metal buttons. Finely embroidered quilted lining with Tokyo tailors label. Complete with the matching full dress trousers with red stripe to the leg. Original officers full dress peaked cap with gilt metal cap insignia incorporating the plume holder. White and red feathered two piece plume. Red and white cloth waist sash with embroidered tassels and 2nd lieutenants officers dress pattern shoulder boards still housed in the original metal storage tin. The trousers have some moth issues but otherwise the set is in very good overall condition.

Austrian Transitional American 4th Infantry Division “War Art” Steel Helmet, superb example of a German army double decal transitional helmet, being an Austrian M-17 pattern helmet which has been painted yellow to the exterior, green painted divisional badge of the 4th Infantry division above and written to the centre “From Al Michitsch Famous Fourth Inf.Div.” The helmet still retains the original German army decal and tri-colour decal. Interior of the helmet is painted black to the skirt, inside has the original field grey / green paint. Austrian pattern three brown leather pad liner system and original leather chinstrap. Overall an excellent example of a WW2 War Art helmet, this was a popular tradition for American GI’s to souvenir captured war booty such as helmets. The American 4th Infantry division was one of the first infantry (non-airborne) divisions to land on the Normandy beaches (Utah Beach) during the D-Day landings on 6th June 1944. They continued to play a pivotal role in the advance across North West Europe. They were heavily involved in the fighting across Germany, finally ending up in actions in Bavaria. On 2nd May 1945, the division reached Miesbach on the Isar river, German Austrian border. The division was returned to the USA in July 1945, so chances are this helmet was picked up and decorated between May and July 1945.

WW1 British Army Recruiting Staff Enamel Badge, fine gilt brass and enamel example with lapel fitting to the reverse. Made by Firmin & Sons London. Very good overall condition

WW2 German Army Prinz Eugen Pattern Officers Dress Sword by Carl Eickhorn, fine example with gilt brass grip with eagle to the crossguard, guard with relief of oakleaves, Prinz Eugen style down winged eagle to the rear of the top section. Grip retains the original wire binding. Housed in its original black painted scabbard with single hanging ring. Slightly curved single edged blade with fuller to ¾’s of the back edge. Carl Eickhorn makers trade mark to the base of the blade. The blade measures 71cms, overall 87 ½ cms.

British George VI Royal Army Service Corps Officers Sword, fine regulation pattern example with brown leather field service portepee attached to the guard. Grip retaining the original wire binding. Complete in its brown leather field service scabbard with original hanging frog. Blade remains in near mint condition retaining much of the original polish. Crowned cipher to one side of the blade, the other with crown over “R.A.S.C”. Blade measures 85cms, overall 101cms.

East German (D.D.R) Army Officers Dress Dagger, near mint condition East German army officers dress dagger complete with the original grip, top pommel, cross guard with press release button and scabbard. Double edged plain blade stamped “70444”. Blade measures 24 ¾ cms, overall 39 ¼ cms.

WW2 German Army Artillery NCO’s Peaked Cap, green / grey doeskin material with metal cap cockade (loose) and eagle. Patent NCO’s chinstrap supported by two plain black domed buttons. Red piping to the crown and bordering the central band. Interior with yellow cloth lining, makers celluloid diamond and perforated sweatband. Cap shows just minor service wear but does have some moth damage to the piping on the central band. Good shape and overall example.

WW2 German Engraved Blade Army Officers Sword by Paul Weyersberg Solingen, fine untouched example of a brass lion head pattern sword with red jewelled eyes, langet with German army eagle, guard with oak leaves relief, back strap with fine relief in oak leaves. Original grip retaining the wire binding. Rear langet engraved with initials of the original owner “P D”. Housed in its re-painted black scabbard with single hanging ring. Curved single edged blade which is etched with foliage, blued central panel with “Kampf bis zum Sieg!”, reverse having gilt German eagle and swastika to blued panel. Paul Weyersberg trade mark under the langet. Blade measures 87cms, overall 102 ½ cms.

WW2 German Army Officers Sword by Clemen & Jung, dove head pattern officers sword with gilded guard with oak leaf relief, German army eagle and swastika to the central langet, oak leaf relief to the pommel and back strap. Black celluloid covering to wooden grip (small crack) with wire binding. Single edged slightly curved blade with Clemen & Jung makers trade mark to the forte, obscured by langet. Some surface staining to the blade. No scabbard. The blade measures 76cms, overall 88 ½ cms.

A group of WWII British army buttons and cloth badges including with some replicas, including overall thirty nine badges, over thirty buttons, three pairs of cloth badges, featuring a pair of Royal Northumberland Fusiliers shoulder badges, a button die mould, a pair Duke of Wellington's regiment cloth shoulder titles, together with a mixed group of seven pieces of military issue plated cutlery. (1 bag and a wooden case)

* Middlesex: Swakeleys. A manuscript conveyance for the Manor of Swalcliff or Swakleys in the county of Middlesex, 23 May 1665, between Sir James and Katherine Harrington of Swakeley and John Morris and Robert Clayton of London, in a neat clerical hand on two vellum membranes with decorative pen and ink borders within double red rules and large calligraphic initial letter to first membrane, signatures of 11 parties at foot with wax seals and remains appended with silk cords, 6 wax seals largely intact with seal impressions for James Harington, Edmund Harington, Thomas Raymond, Thomas Bland, William Daynes and George Lulle, the remaining seals damaged and defective and one seal missing, three seals with later wooden protective cases and six with wires, a little dust-soiled, overall 58 x 73 cm (Qty: 1)NOTESSir James Harington (1607-1680) was an English member of parliament for Rutland (1646-1653) and Middlesex (1654-1655). He married Katherine Wright, a daughter of Sir Edmund Wright, Lord Mayor of London, and inherited Swakeleys House from Wright. As a Major-General in the Parliamentarian army during the English Civil War, Harrington fought at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge. Although he did not sign the death warrant, Harrington was one of the Commissioners at the trial of Charles I. During the Interregnum he continued to serve the Parliamentary cause, and after the Restoration he was exempted from the Indemnity and Oblivion Act which pardoned most from taking up arms against the King in the Civil War. In 1665 Harrington attempted to sell Swakeley to John Morris and Robert Clayton but the sale seems to have been invalid but by September 1665 when Samuel Pepys went to Swakeleys the house and manor were in the possession of Sir Robert Vyner, a London financier and later Lord Mayor. See also lots 219, 220 & 222.

A FRENCH VENDETTA KNIFE, THE STEEL BLADE STAMPED VERITABLE POUDRILLE, DECORATED HORN SCALES, 36CM OVERALL, TWO BRITISH ARMY CLASP KNIVES WITH MARLIN SPIKE, ONE BY JOSEPH ALLEN AND SONS, A COMMANDO KNIFE AND LEATHER SHEATH AND A GERMAN HORN HILTED DAGGER AND SCABBARD, BLADE STAMPED D.R.G.M

A 6 shot .44” Starr Arms Co SA Army percussion revolver, numbered 51710 on frame and barrel lug, the cylinder numbered 51711, the frame stamped with New York address and patent dates (almost illegible), and with plain walnut butt. WO & basically GC (worn and lightly pitted overall)

Dinky - Three unboxed Dinky Military Aircraft. Lot contains, Dinky No.724 Sea King Helicopter in white and blue - with its yellow with Apollo Capsule, Dinky 712 US Army T42 Beechcraft C55 Baron in military green and black, and Dinky 725 F4-K Phantom in blue with RAF roundels and complete with 2 yellow missiles. The models have a few marks with the Sea King suffering the most paint loss but overall the models appear to be in Very Good - Near Mint condition. (3) This lot must be paid for and removed no later than close of business on Friday.

Dinky - Three unboxed Dinky Military Aircraft. Lot contains,Dinky Aircraft 722 Hawker Harrier in camouflage blue and green, Dinky 712 US Army T42 Beechcraft C55 Baron in military green and black, and Dinky 725 F4-K Phantom in blue with RAF roundels and complete with 2 yellow missiles. The models have a few minor marks but overall the appear to be in Excellent - Near Mint condition. (3) This lot must be paid for and removed no later than close of business on Friday.

CETSHWAYO: (c.1826-1884) King of the Zulu Kingdom 1873-79 and its leader through the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. Cetshwayo famously led the Zulu nation to victory against the British in the Battle of Isandlwana in January 1879. An exceptionally rare dark fountain pen ink signature ('CETYWAYO') on an oblong 12mo card. Attractively matted in ivory with decorative borders beneath a colour reproduction image of a painting of Cetshwayo by Karl Rudolf Sohn and framed and glazed in a modern wooden frame to an overall size of 11.5 x 13.5. Together with a large portion of a 12mo envelope which originally contained the signature, annotated in fountain pen ink 'Cetywayo's signature…..Given by Col. Hassard'. Autographs of Cetshwayo are extremely rare in any form. One very small, extremely minor stain just above one letter of the signature, VGColonel Charles Fairfax Hassard (1822-1900) British Army officer who commanded the Royal Engineers in South Africa and served as second in command to Frederic Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford, during the Anglo-Zulu War. Hassard was Cetshwayo's gaoler when the Zulu chief was held captive at Cape Town. Provenance: The present signature was formerly part of the Ray Rawlins collection of autograph letters and historical documents and is illustrated in his Guinness Book of World Autographs (1977). The signature was sold by Sotheby's in their sale of the Rawlins collection on 2nd, 3rd & 4th June 1980 (lot 298, Estimate £100-150, Hammer price £180) and has not appeared on the market since. We have been unable to locate any other signature, letter or document of Cetshwayo as ever having previously appeared at auction.

A 19th century Army Officers gilt belt buckle. Makers name to the reverse: Hobson & Sons, Lexington St, London W. Overall width 7cms (2.75ins)

A WW1 Royal Army Medical Corps bandage winder impressed: RAMC BEF 1915. Overall width 33cms (13ins)

A 19th century Army Officers silver on white metal belt buckle. Overall width 7.5cms (3ins)

A 19th century Army Officers white metal (not silver) belt buckle. Overall width 8cms (3.125ins)

A 19th century Army Officers gilt belt buckle. Overall width 8cms (3.25ins)

A 19th century Army Officers silver on brass waist belt buckle. Overall width 8.5cms (3.125ins)

Weaponry - A fine and rare English Ceremonial plug bayonet circa 1690, believed to be for an Army Officer, with fine silver pique work on the tapering turned ivory handle, the cast metal finial and short quillons terminating with helmeted heads, the 33cm. tapering single edged blade with three copper inset comet marks at forte of John Hathaway, overall length 18½in. (47cm.). *Condition: In fine condition, tiny amount of wear to blade (polished), grip with yellowing.

An Army and Navy 12 bore side by side boxlock non-ejector shotgun, serial no. 6845, 30 inch barrels, Anson and Deeley's Patent action, doll's head extension, double trigger, chequered grips and figured walnut stock with rubber extension, 118cm overall, and a modern green, lined slip case SHOTGUN CERTIFICATE REQUIRED

A WORLD WAR II GERMAN ARMY OFFICER'S DAGGERthe 10 inch blade with an Eickhorn mark, the hilt with silvered mounts and orange ivorine grip and a silvered scabbard, overall 40cm long

NIGHTINGALE (FLORENCE)Autograph letter signed ('Florence Nightingale'), to Captain Frederic Brine of the Royal Engineers, thanking him for his 'kind recollection of us & the part we were privileged to take in our Country's late glorious calamity' which has touched her 'very deeply', and which she feels will please Mrs Shaw Stewart 'who superintended, during all our heaviest time, actively & efficiently at the same Castle Hospital on Balaklava Heights' and praising the Royal Engineers for their contribution towards 'the struggle for the freedom & national life of half the world' ('...I believe that we had to thank you for the erection of the Cross in question at Balaklava...'); and confessing to the crushing sense of responsibility she feels: 'As to our poor fellows, who endured so patiently, all that belongs to their Memory & their Cause must be a sacred thing to us for ever – I feel that I have been such a bad Mother to them to come home & leave them in their Crimean graves – Nothing is so interesting to me as a recollection of our brave dead and a suggestion of what may still remain to be done for our Army'; with autograph envelope, addressed to Brine at Curragh Camp, stamped and postmarked and docketed 'Miss Nightingale', 4 pages, very minor dust-staining to last page but overall in fine, fresh condition, envelope with some wear, 8vo, 30 Old Burlington Street, 24 November 1856

Boxed Britains Bren Gun Carrier with crew Mechanised Transport of The British Army diecast model, play worn but gd overall, box showing age

Two Indian Army Style Cavalry Trooper's Swords, display purposes only. Overall Length 37 Inches. Both In Need Of Restoration.

12 Dinky Toys. 2x Half Cab Buses, BEV Truck, Porsche 356A, Fordson Flatbed, AA Motorcycle Patrol, Police Box, Wheel Barrow, Army Wagon and a Armoured Car, etc. QGC 2 repainted, some chipping overall. £60-80

Early 20th Century Eastern Panel, embroidered in red and blue silk with Persian style flower heads and stylised leaves, within a scalloped edge to three sides, worked in red and blue spots with a central rectangular panel, 150cm by 203cm; Similar Dated Indian Panel, embroidered overall with red silk motifs with green insert triangles, within a diamond border on a fine linen ground, 90cm by 185cm; Large Printed Paisley Shawl, 170cm by 358cm (a.f.) (3) Provenance: Estate of the Earl of MintoThe Earl of Minto KG GCSI GCMG GCIE PC (9 July 1845 – 1 March 1914)Gilbert Elliot-Murray Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, Governor General of Canada and 17th Viceroy and Governor-General of India.Born in London, July 1845 to parents William Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 3rd Earl of Minto and Emma, daughter of General Sir Thomas Hislop, 1st Baronet. After attending Eton and Trinity College, Gilbert went on to a successful career within the army, followed by being offered a job in the North-West Mounted Police. Instead he pursued a career in politics and went on to be the Governor General of Canada in 1898, followed by being 17th Viceroy and Governor-General of India in 1905. His popularity in both Canada and India outlived him, with numerous parks, schools and landmarks being named after him.

British Army Victorian Volunteer Engineer Officers Sword. Single edged fullered and etched blade 835mm long. No makers marks. Proof marked. Wire bound shagreen grip. Brass guard with traces of original gilt finish. Overall length 96cm. Complete with scabbard with twin suspension rings.

WW1 Imperial German Army Taschenmesser Trench Dagger/ Utility Clasp Lock knife by Mercator. Marked to side of knife and to blade with DRGM. Complete with 10cm single edged blade, bottle opener, corkscrew and spiked tool and lanyard ring. Overall length 125mm folded. Along with a Swedish folding knife with 10cm blade by  Holmber. (2)

WW2 Imperial Japanese Army Officers Shin Gunto Sword. 69cm long blade. Signed tang. Overall length 96cm. Bronze tsuba guard. Complete with scabbard with original paint.

WW2 Imperial Japanese Army Officers Shin Gunto Sword with 61cm long blade. Unmarked tang. Standard WW2 bronze mounts and menuki. Overall length 84cm. Complete with wooden saya scabbard with active service brown leather cover a/f to lower section with some leather missing exposing the wooden saya beneath.

A 19th Century Victorian British Army Scots Guards officer's sword having a ray skin and wire bound grip, brass hilt with lion head pommel, shaped knuckle guard with Scots Guards emblem, Scottish thistle shell guard, forward facing quillon, single edged fullered blade with stamped ricasso ' Hawkes & Co London Manufacturers To The Queen ', leather scabbard with brass furniture and hanger rings. Measures: 97cm overall

A WWII Second World War German Nazi Third Reich standard issue ' Army ' officer's dress dagger. The hilt having amber celluloid handle, domed point pommel with oak leaf decoration, double forward facing scroll crossguard with Imperial eagle clutching a wreathed Swastika, stiletto blade with makers ' E & F. Horster Solingen ' to the ricasso along with the original oak leaf decorated scabbard with hanger rings. Measures; 40cm overall.

A BOWIE KNIFE & SCABBARD. An unnamed Bowie knife with 9.5/8" classical form blade, held in a dark brown leather scabbard. The knife is retained by a clip in the scabbard, the steel crossguard has ball ends and a diamond shape quillion. Horn hilt with steel pommel, having an overall length of 14.1/2". Stamped into the scabbard frog is E H Wenlo 108 Regt. There are listed in the USA 108th Regiment and also a Regiment in the the Indian Army. See Illustration

Alsace and Lorraine German Army of Occupation set of all seven values, mint (washed), six with points of web down and 10c bistre, points-up. Viewing recommended. Most scarcer variants. Overall SG cat well in excess of £600

* WWII. An "Operation Torch" DSC group to Lieutenant-Commander William Roland Kemp Clark, DSC , M.I.D., RD, Royal Naval Reserve Distinguished Service Cross, G.VI.R, reverse officially dated 1943, silver, London 1942 1939-1945 Star, Atlantic Star with France and Germany clasp Africa Star with North Africa 1942-43 clasp, Italy Star, War Medal with M.I.D. oakleaf, Royal Naval Reserve Decoration, G.VI.R., reverse officially dated 1942, extremely fine, mounted for wear, with conforming miniature dress awards, transmission slip, Royal Naval Reserve Officer's Training Certificate Book, Certificate of Competency Master (Steamship), framed black and white portrait photograph of the recipient in full Naval dress, framed photograph of HMS Royal Ulsterman with record of service from 1940-1945, Maltese silver napkin ring engraved with recipients initials plus ships served in from 1920-1959 (2.2oz) and fine quality Naval Officer's dress sword, the 79.5cm steel blade etched with fouled anchor and G.VI.R. cypher, brass hilt, folding guard and wire-bound fish-skin grip with lions head pommel, 95cm long overall, with sword knot and leather and brass mounted scabbard plus all weather case (Qty: 7)NOTESLieutenant-Commander William Rowland Kemp Clark was mentioned in despatches on 26 August 1942 and awarded the DSC on 4 May 1943 HMS Royal Ulsterman was commissioned for service in 1936, during WWII she served as a Royal Navy Reserve troop transport, taking part in nearly all of the major Allied amphibious operations of of the European war including the Dunkirk evacuations; Operation Neptune (the amphibious part of the D-Day landings) and the liberation of the Channel Islands. Clark commanded the ship from 28 January 1942 to 1 October 1944, and took part in the following operations Operation Ironclad (the battle of Madagascar), landing elements at Diego Suarez on 5 May 1942 (M.I.D.). Operation Torch (the allied invasion of of North Africa), landing United States Army Rangers of the 1st Battalion on the Algerian coast on 8 November 1942. The ship was also attacked by five Luftwaffe aircraft on 14 November whilst ferrying troops from Oran to Algiers (D.S.C.). Operations Husky and Avalanche , on the 10 July 1943, the ship disembarked troops of the British 8th Army in Sicily for Operation Husky . She subsequently took part in Operation Avalanche , landing troops on 9 September 1943 at Salerno on the Italian mainland. Operation Neptune , the amphibious operation that launched Operation Overlord , the allied invasion of Normandy on 6 June 1944. The ship disembarked troops of the 9th brigade of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division on Juno Beach Liberation of the Channel Islands, the ship landed British troops on Jersey on 11 May 1945 and provided additional reinforcements on 18 May.

Display Purpose Only, Basket Hilted Broadsword, Leather Grip, Wide Cutting Blade, Spear Point. Together With An Indian Army Cavalry Trooper's sword, Overall Length 38.5 Inches. Both In Need Of Restoration.

Indian Army 20 bore percussion hammer action two band cavalry carbine rifle with lock stamped 1856 Tower, brass trigger guard and mounts, sling suspension mounts, captive ram-rod, stock stamped 57 and 21 inch smooth bored barrel, overall length 93.5cm. 

A LARGE RUSSIAN PORCELAIN FIGURE OF A RED ARMY SIGNALMAN WITH SERVICE DOG, GORODNITSKY PORCELAIN FACTORY, GORODNITSA, LATE 1930S after a design by P. GAICHENKO (RUSSIAN 20TH CENTURY), depicting a Red Army signalman seated on a tree stump, writing in Morse code, with a service dog lying at his feet, all atop an oval grass-like green base; overall height: 26.5 cm (10 3/8 in.)LITERATUREIgor Pelinskiy and Marina Safonova, Sovetskiy farfor 1917-1991 [Soviet Porcelain 1917-1991] ([Moscow]: Lyubimaya kniga, 2012), p. 103 (illustrated)

Artesh Nirumand (Powerful Army), propagative poster for the National Army of Iran, chromolithographic poster [probably Tehran, Iran, c. 1960] single sheet, depicting a striking army soldier standing in front of the national Shir o'Khorshid emblematic flag of Iran, set against the outline of Iran, a small closed tear along upper border, a few creases along folds, overall good condition, 580 by 420 mm.; framed and glazed

LUCKNER NICOLAS: (1722-1794) German Officer and Danish Count. Luckner joined the French army, supported the French Revolution and became Marshal in 1791. In 1792 Rouget de Lisle dedicated to him the Chant de Guerre pour l'Armée du Rhin ("War Song of the Army of the Rhine"), which was to become better known as the Marseillaise, the French anthem. Aged 70, Luckner asked for dismissal which the National convention accepted, but when he returned to Paris he was arrested and sentenced to death, dying by guillotine. D.S., `Luckner´, one page, 4to, Freskati, Sweden, 16th August 1792, in French. The partially printed document, bearing a rare vignette to the heading stating "La Nation, la Loi, le Roi", is a pass given to Stanislas Daiguillon allowing him to reach Paris. Signed by Luckner in his capacity as General Commander of the army of the North. With a red wax seal to the front and an attractive ProPatria watermark. Overall age wear, mostly to the edges. Folded, with small tear and very small holes to the fold, not affecting the text or signature. G £300-400

EBLÉ JEAN BAPTISTE: (1758-1812) French general in charge of bridge equipment in the Grande Armée. Eblé leaded the building of two of the three bridges built over the Berezina river in November 1812. He waited as long as he could before burning them, allowing the maximum number of troops crossing. Appointed General for his behaviour and achievements, he died of exhaustion thirteen days after. A.L.S., Eblé, one page, folio, Dunkerque, 23rd January 1796, in French. The document bears the printed heading of the "North Army - French Republic - Liberté - egalité - Fraternité - Eblé Division General and Artillery Commandant". Eblé orders citizen Lefaivre, engineer serving the North army to supervise the installation of the furnace in the arsenal of the city. Countersigned by Major Commandant Despriez. Bearing to the front a red wax seal in fine condition. Folded, with overall minor age wear and edges slightly trimmed. G £200-300

DAVOUT LOUIS NICOLAS: (1770-1823) Marshal of France, Duc d´Auerstaedt and Prince of Eckmuhl. Known as the Iron Marshal, Davout was the only Napoleonic Marshal not to have been defeated in battle by 1815, & OUDINOT NICOLAS (1767-1847) Marshal of France. Duc de Reggio. D.S., `Louis Davout´, one page, folio, Milan, 23rd October 1800, in French. The partially printed document, bearing the printed heading of “Davout General of Division, Chief Commandant of the Italian Army Cavalry”, grants the retreat pay to Louis Emond, vice-Lieutenant of the Dragoons of the sixth regiment, according to the orders received by the Minister of war and by General in Chief Brune. Also signed `Oudinot´, in his capacity as Chief General of the Army of Italy to the lower left corner. Bearing to the lower right corner a paper seal affixed. Folded, with small overall minor age wear and creasing. G £200-300

[MARENGO]: Two large original printed documents, being a bylaw and a proclamation, one large page each, 13 x 17.5, issued on 8th March 1800, both referring to the creation of the Reserve Army which would few months later participate at the Battle of Marengo on 14th June 1800. The first printed order lists six articles, stating in part "I - A Reserve Army will be created, formed by sixty thousand men. II - the Army will be directly commanded by the first Consul…. V - All different Corps which will be part of this Army will immediately march towards Dijon…. VI - the Minister of war will be in charge of executing the present order. He will take all the measures to gather at Dijon all the necessary equipments, clothing and weapons.. Approved by first Consul, Bonaparte, by the State Secretary Hugues B. Maret and by the Minister of Justice Abrial.´ The second being a proclamation issued by the Consuls of the French Republic, related to same Reserve Army creation and gathered at Dijon, stating in part `You wish peace; your government wishes it too with eagerness… The English ministry repels it. The English Ministry has revealed the secret of its horrible politics. To rip off France, to destroy its naval forces and ports, to wipe off France from the European maps..´ A lengthy call to all French patriots to join French troops to fight against English. Overall age wear. G, 2 £100-150

NAPOLEON I: (1769-1821) Emperor of France 1804-14, 1815. Extremely rare L.S., `Bonaparte´, a bold and good example early signature, one page, folio, Cairo, Egypt, 26th July 1798, to General Cafarelli, in French. The present letter is written only five days after the Battle of the Pyramids, a decisive victory wiping out almost the entire Egyptian army. Napoleon entered Cairo after the battle and created a new local administration under his supervision. In his capacity as General-in-Chief, Napoleon states `I beg you General to take in charge immediately the raise of a map of the city of Cairo and its surroundings..´ further adding `Make them do it first as a croquis, at a glance and with a very large scale..´ Napoleon plans to establish head-quarters at Cairo, and states `I also wish you to let me know the place we could choose to build a citadel which would contain our main institutions and keep the city of Cairo respectful.´ The letter is in the hand of General Geraud Michel Duroc (1772-1813) aide de camp to Napoleon since 1796. Small overall age wear and staining to the upper right corner, with extremely small areas of paper loss to the left edge as a result of binding removal. G £3000-4000 Louis Maximilien Caffarelli du Falga (1756-1799) French General of Italian origin. He served on the French invasion of Egypt with a wooden leg. Only a month before the present letter was written he landed with Napoleon at Valletta to occupy Malta in June 1798. A year after he had his right arm amputated when his elbow was smashed by a bullet during an assault on Acre. Gangrene struck caused a fever that killed him. Napoleon wrote of him in the order of the day: "Our universal regrets accompany General Caffarelli to the grave; the army is losing one of its bravest leaders, Egypt one of its legislators, France one of its best citizens, and science, an illustrious scholar."

CESPEDES DEL CASTILLO CARLOS MANUEL: (1819-1874) Cuban Revolutionary. Known as the "Father of the Motherland", Cespedes is considered a Cuban hero who freed slaves and leaded the declaration of Cuban Independence in 1868. An attractive signed printed document, one page, folio, Bayamo, 27th December 1868, in Spanish. The document being a decree is entitled "Slavery Conditioned Abolition Decree - Carlos Manuel de Cespedes - Captain-General of the Liberator Army of Cuba and Leader of the Provisional Government", and bears a very attractive and large vignette to the heading. The decree contains nine articles, and starts stating `The Cuban Revolution, proclaiming the independence of the Homeland and with it all freedoms, cannot accept the inconsistency of restricting it to only one part of the country´s population. A free Cuba is incompatible with a proslavery Cuba..´ further saying in its first article `All slaves are declared free..´. Boldly signed by Cespedes at the base of the document `C. M Cespedes´. Bearing a large blind embossed seal to the head and an ink stamp of the "Ilustre Ayuntamiento Libre de Bayamo" at the base. The document grants freedom to `Nemesio, apprentice, 16 years old, black..´ Overall age wear, with edges slightly trimmed, tear and small areas of paper loss. F £400-600

[MARIA THERESA]: (1717-1780) Holy Roman Empress as spouse of Francis I, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Germany, Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia. She was the only female ruler and the last of the House of Habsburg. A good content manuscript, nine pages, vellum, 4to, Vienna 1774 and Brussels 1782, issued on behalf of the Empress Maria Theresa by the Imperial government of the Austrian-Netherlands and signed by several government authorities, in French. The document being the letters patent and aproval of the suppression of the Society of Jesus, includes an exceptionally attractive and very large, 5 inches diameter (13 cm), red wax Empress seal, contained in its original iron box. The document refers to land properties in the Ypres area which were belonging to the Society of Jesus and which the Empress ordered the expropriation, and now authorizes Charles-Alexandre de Lorraine to sell. Signed at the base by the Flandres members of the Imperial counselling, including the President Baron Denis-Benoit de Cazier (1718-1791), and counselor Johan IV de Witt (1724-1783), Louis-François de Wavrans (1715-1785) and few more. Overall age wear, mostly to first page, and creasing, otherwise about VG £200-300 The Society of Jesus is a religious order of the Catholic Church founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1540. The order was dissolved in 1773 by Pope Clement XIV. All their belongings were expropriated and returned to the Sovereign States in France in 1763-64, and ten years after in the Austrian-Netherlands as the present document proves.The Society of Jesus was recoverd by Pope Pius VII in 1814 after Napoleon´s fall. Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine (1712-1780) Austrian general, field marshal of the Imperial army, and Lieutenant Governor of the Austrian Netherlands.

CHARLES XII OF SWEDEN: (1682-1718) King of Sweden 1697-1718. Killed during the besiege of Fredrikshald. Very rare A.N.S., Carolus, as King, one page, oblong 20 x 7 clipped piece, Stockholm, 12th April 1700, in Swedish. The apparently in a rush written text is an order referring to his guard officers and is dated shortly before his departure to the war between his brother in law, the Duke of Holstein, and Denmark. At the time of the present letter the King is only seventeen, although he assumed power at the age of fifteen. Overall age wear and staining, with a tear to the centre fold, partially repaired to the verso, although not affecting the signature. F £300-400 In 1700, date year of the present letter, a triple alliance of Denmark-Norway, Saxony-Poland-Lithuania and Russia launched an attack on the Swedish protectorate of Holstein-Gottorp aiming to draw advantage as the Swedish Empire was unaligned and ruled by a very young and inexperienced King, thus initiating the Great Northern War. Leading the Swedish army against the alliance Charles won multiple victories despite being usually significantly outnumbered. A major victory over a Russian army three times the size in 1700 at the Battle of Narva compelled Peter the Great to sue for peace which Charles then rejected. Charles was an exceptionally skilled military leader and tactician as well as an able politician. He is quoted by Voltaire as saying upon the outbreak of the war, "I have resolved never to start an unjust war but never to end a legitimate one except by defeating my enemies". With the war consuming more than half his life and nearly all his reign, he never married and fathered no children.

NAPOLEON I: (1769-1821) Emperor of France 1804-14, 1815. A good L.S., "Buonaparte", a bold good example signature, one page, 4to, Paris, 31st December 1795, to the representative of the People Gauthier, on the Army of Interior printed heading, in French. The letter bears the printed title “Buonaparte, General in chief of the Army of Interior”, and Napoleon in his capacity as General states in part `I do not see any reason, Citizen, to oppose to the appointment of M. Galliez who you have recommended to me; it will be with pleasure that he will be appointed Lieutenant.´ The present letter is dated only two months after Napoleon had defeated the Royalist Insurrection in Paris, in October 1795, and since then earned Bonaparte fame and the patronage of the Directory. Overall age wear, with small area of paper loss to the bottom left corner, few small tears to the edges and small repairs to the verso to edges. F to G £1200-2000

COCHON DE LAPPARENT CHARLES: (1750-1825) French Politician and Minister of Police. Member of the National Convention and of the Committee of Public Health. Cochon de Lapparent was one of the Commissars in charge of the King´s indictment, voting in favour of the King´s execution. An excellent and rare A.L.S., `Cochon´, four pages, 4to, Paris, 22nd October 1796, to General Hoche, in French. The document bears the printed heading, and an ink stamp, of the Minister of Police of the Republic. A very cleanly written lengthy letter, Cochon stating in part `I watch, my dear General, with same sadness as you, the direction that since a while the sense of Public spirit is taking, and am ready to prove with all my correspondence that I have done all I could with the power I hold to prevent the malicious trying to take advantage of the recent events…The government only wishes, and can´t do anything else but wishing, the consolidation of the Republic, and I support this as much as my poor capabilities allow me to do so. I am indignant reading about the horrors and the lies against the Republic that all these Royalist journals, paid with foreign gold, are vomiting. Several have been arrested and denounced to the Public Prosecutor…but they are released by the tribunals, and this will keep on happening until we have a repressive law for press abuses.´ further again saying `..I am fully aware of the dangers that the Republic is facing, with enemies under different masks ready to attack from the inside of the country. In Lyon, in the department of the Calvados, the Royalists are showing up audaciously.. What else can I do? Tribunals are not under my competence, and the police has so short capacities that it is even astonishing that they can achieve what they do.´ Cochon de Lapparent also responds to Hoche´s questions regarding the last executions and the Colonnes Mobiles, stating `You talk to me about the way the last conspirators have been judged. We have material evidences and also written ones of their conspiracy…and regarding the formation of the Colonnes Mobiles I have issued a circular, sent to all departments, according to the Directory orders…The Colonnes Mobiles could be very useful…and I am going to send orders to the Chouanne departments..´ Paper with watermark. A letter of very interesting content. Very small overall minor age wear, otherwise VG £600-900 Lazare Hoche (1768-1797) French General of the Revolutionary army. Best known for his victory over Royalist forces in Brittany. Minister of war.The Colonnes Mobiles, also called Colonnes Infernales (Infernal Columns) were operations led by the French revolutionary in the War in the Vendée. The National Convention approved laws allowing the extermination of anti-Republican terrorists in the Vendée. Army columns were formed and sent through the Vendée to exterminate the anti-republican population. The actions of these "Infernal Columns" continue to be a subject of heated debate in France.

HOCHE LAZARE: (1768-1797) French General of the Revolutionary army. A talented General, best known for his victory over Royalist forces in Brittany. Minister of war. Hoche died at the very early age of 29 of tuberculosis. A good L.S., `L. Hoche´, one page, folio, Vannes Headquarters, 4th December 1794, to General Roget, in French. The partially printed document bears the printed heading of General Lazare Hoche, Army of Cherbourg and Brest coasts and a revolution vignette. Hoche sends military orders related to the Vendée Wars stating in part `You will create multiple patrols and will control the easier crossing locations on the right shore of the Blavet by your garrisons… I will meet you at Locminé where I will give you further new orders..´ Folded, with overall age wear and very light foxing. G £200-300

PONIATOWSKI JOZEF: (1763-1813) Polish General, Minister of War and Army Chief. Marshal of the Empire. An excellent L.S., `Joseph Prince Poniatowski´, one page, folio, Warsaw, 5th January 1810, to the Minister of War Duke de Feltre, in French. Poniatowski, in his capacity as General of division and Chief Commander of the Polish army, thanks his correspondent for the letter received last month of December and states in part `Your Excellency honoured me informing me about the replacement of Major Wierzbinski, now Colonel, and of Quatermaster Wasitemski accused of embezzlement. Having no doubt that Your Excellency has designated an officer who fulfills required qualifications and who will accomplish his functions properly, I consider superfluous to recommend somebody else for that post….´ Small overall, minor age wear, with small stains at the base of the document, otherwise G £2500-3500Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke (1765-1818) Marshal of France in 1816, one of six created under King Louis XVIII from 1815-24. Duc de Feltre and Minister of War under Napoleon.

BATHORY SIGISMUND: (1573-1613) Prince of Transylvania. Rare L.S., `Sigismundus Princeps´, one page, folio, Dena, 18th May 1596, to a to Alphonso, Apostolic Nuncio in Transylvania, in Latin. Sigismund in his capacity as Prince of Transylvania, Moldavia, and of the Holy Roman Empire, sends his good wishes and expects he will be able to maintain in future a good relationship with his correspondent. He concludes expecting a prompt response and expects that all will progress `..under the divine clemency..´ With blank address leaf, bearing a paper seal affixed. Small overall age wear. G £400-600Sigismund Bathory was crowned being a child when his father Christopher Bathory died, after ruling Transylvania as Voivode of the absent Prince Stephen Bathory. He leaded the Kingdom since he was fifteen, and decided to join the Holy League against the Ottoman Empire, purging the noblemen who opposed him. After several abdications and several returning to Transylvania, he returned at the head of a Polish army in 1601, but abdicated again a year later in favour of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolph II, and settled in Bohemia where he would die.