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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 399

C. 300-500 AD Roman. An iron spearhead comprising a squat leaf-shaped, lentoid sectioned blade with a raised midrib and a socket for increased control. Weapons of this type were used in the Late Roman period both by Roman soldiers and by their Barbarian adversaies. Its large size suggests it was probably used alongside a shield by heavy infantry fighting in close formation. For more information on Roman weaponry in general see Bishop and Coulston 2005, “Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome.“ Good Condition.Size: L:198mm / W:35mm ; 150g; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 394

C. 300-500 AD Roman. An iron spearhead comprising a slender tapering blade and a long socket for increased control. Weapons of this type were used in the Late Roman period both by Roman soldiers and by their Barbarian adversaies. Its large size suggests it was probably used alongside a shield by heavy infantry fighting in close formation. For more information on Roman weaponry in general see Bishop and Coulston 2005, “Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome.“ Good Condition. Size: L:357mm / W:28mm ; 425g; Provenance: From the private collection of a South London art professional; previously in a collection formed on the UK/European art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 485

100-300 AD. Roman. A stunning marble head of a man. His long and beard are carefully modelled, with individually delineated hairs; the top of his head is covered with a fitted hemispherical skull-cap from below which peaks a widow’s peak. His brows are arched, his eyes wide open and his pupils are picked out with drilled pupils which stare into the distance; his thin, straight nose and pursed lips create an air of otherworldly nobility. His attitude and skullcap suggest that this piece represented as philosopher detached from earthly considerations. Good condition; on a custom stand.Size: L:415mm / W:220mm ; 14.1kg; Provenance: From the collection of a gentleman based in London; formerly in an old British collection; acquired in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 324

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze ring with circular hoop and round, flat bezel with extensive incised decoration in the form of repeating lunette designs; further incised geometric motifs cover the ring’s shoulders. In popular belief the Romans saw the moon as protecting against evil forces, demons and sorcery, but especially against the evil eye. The crescent moon is also associated with the goddess Luna. This well-preserved example may have belonged to a Roman legionary. Good condition.Size: D: 18.19mm / US: 8 / UK: Q; 6.3g; Provenance: From an old British collection, acquired on the UK art market in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 536

100 AD or later. Roman-style. Rectangular Roman-style marble head and torso of a youth with two-tiered curling locks, simple, boyish features, a thick neck and prominent pectoral muscles. The hairstyle is suggestive of the god Apollo, the Graeco-Roman deity of archery, music and dance, truth and prophecy, healing and diseases, poetry, the Sun and light. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and twin brother of Artemis, goddess of the hunt. Commonly depicted in antiquity, he remained an important figure in European art, especially in the renaissance and early modern period. N.B. this piece may be either of Roman, renaissance or later date. Good condition.Size: L:250mm / W:205mm ; 3.8 kg; Provenance: From an old British collection formed in the 1990s;

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 288

100-300 AD. Roman. Rectangular bronze fitting with openwork depiction of a wolf pursuing a rabbit or hare; the scene is surrounded by a border of dots and scalloped edges. Two round perforations along the short ends serve to attach the piece to a piece of clothing or furniture. This hunting motif may have belonged to a Roman aristocrat or military officer. Good condition; beautiful patina. Size: L:27mm / W:60mm ; 24.5g; Provenance: Obtained from a B.C.F; previously in a collection formed in the 1980s on the UK art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 235

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze ring with thick, circular hoop and flattened, disc-shaped bezel bearing an incised stylised thunderbolt formed from intersecting lines. In Roman mythology, the thunderbolt is a symbol of Jupiter, king of the gods and god of the sky and thunder. The thunderbolt is a reminder of his might over all, whether gods and mortals, and this item may once have belonged to a devotee of the thunder god. Good condition.Size: D: 18.8mm / US: 8 7/8 / UK: R1/2; 14.4g; Provenance: From the private collection of a South London art professional; previously in a collection formed on the UK/European art market in the 1970s;

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 374

C. 600 AD. Migration Period. A long iron sword with a long, pointed, bevelled blade, a rectangular guard, and a long, rectangular tang for affixing a handle. The Migration Period of European history during and after the decline of the Western Roman empire saw the widespread migration of and invasions by peoples, notably Germanic tribes and the Huns, within and into the Roman Empire. Many of these warlike peoples were heavily armed and able to carve out their own kingdoms through force of arms. This sword may have belonged to a warrior from a Germanic tribe, who fought for his people’s place in the world during a brutal and savage time when might in battle was prized above all else. Good condition; on a custom stand. Size: L:885mm / W:95mm ; 650g; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 393

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. An iron pilum spear head with a barbed, triangular blade, and a long, narrow neck, and a robust flaring socket. Pila were a key part of Roman military equipment and were used by the empire’s legionaries as throwing weapons preceding a charge which ended in close quarters combat. It is partially thanks to this type of spear that Rome was able to control an empire that reached from north-western Europe to the Near East and encompassed all the lands of the Mediterranean. For more information on Roman weaponry in general see Bishop and Coulston 2005, “Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome.“ Excellent Condition.Size: L:475mm / W:26mm ; 190g; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 311

c. 100-300 AD. Roman. A pair of gold hoop earrings each with a single elongated pendant comprising a spherical bauble attached to an elongated cord of woven gold wire which ends in in a second bauble; a rounded loop attaches this bauble to a smaller pendant made up of a bauble and a pearl. These beautiful pieces would probably have once adorned the ears of a Roman noblewoman. Excellent condition; wearable. Size: L:Set of 2; 83mm / W:22mm ; 5.5g; Provenance: Property of an established London gallery; acquired from a private estate collection formed before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 318

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold ring with circular hoop and raised elliptical bezel with dark red gemstone setting incised with a motif of a naked, winged genius holding a bow. In Roman religion, the genius is the individual divinity present in every individual person, place, or thing. Like a guardian angel, the genius would follow each man from the hour of his birth until the day he died, whereas for women, it was the Juno spirit that would accompany each of them. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 20mm / US: 10 1/4 / UK: U; 6g; Provenance: From the collection of a gentleman based in London; formerly in an old British collection; acquired in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 450

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. A rare, large iron pilum spear head with a barbed, triangular blade, a long, narrow neck, and a spherical protrusion just above a robust flaring socket. Pila were a key part of Roman military equipment and were used by the empire’s legionaries as throwing weapons preceding a charge which ended in close quarters combat. It is partially thanks to this type of spear that Rome was able to control an empire that reached from north-western Europe to the Near East and encompassed all the lands of the Mediterranean. For more information on Roman weaponry in general see M. Bishop and J. Coulston 2005, Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome. Excellent Condition; on a custom stand.Size: L:545mm / W:36mm ; 335g; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 516

100-300 AD. Roman. Magnificent clear glass beaker with a slight greenish tint, comprising a slightly flaring rim, inverted conical body and ring foot. Wheel-ground horizontal lines decorate the lower parts of the body. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:88mm / W:75mm ; 55g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, formerly with the Parthenon gallery, previously in an old English collection formed before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 220

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold medallion comprising a circular suspension loop with ribbed decoration on the exterior and an oval-shaped medallion with several concentric registers of granulated decoration arranged in chevron patterns to create a sunlight motif. The centre of the medallion is set with a garnet cabochon. The back is flat and undecorated. This gorgeous piece would probably have belonged to a Roman noblewoman. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:50mm / W:35mm ; 11.8g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, part of his family collection formed in the 1980s-2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 252

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. Exceptional gold club-shaped pendant comprising circular ribbed suspension loop, conical body with raised circular bosses and rounded end, from which hang a stylised bunch of grapes. Hercules is a Roman hero and demigod, the Roman equivalent of the Greek Herakles. He was famed for his strength and his many adventures, which he undertook while armed with his trusty club. In Roman religion, Hercules’ club became a symbol of his power and the protection he could afford to his followers. The grapes may allude to his well-known prowess as a drinker. This beautiful piece probably belonged to a faithful priest or priestess of the demigod. Excellent condition; wearable; Size: L:37.2mm / W:9mm ; 1.64g; Provenance: Property of a professional Ancient art and jewelry expert; previously with a London gallery; initially from a private British collection formed in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 511

100-300 AD. Roman. Pale blue glass unguentarium with folded, flaring rim, long, slightly flaring neck and bell-shaped body. The piece is now weathered with a beautiful patina. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:147mm / W:70mm ; 45g; Provenance: Property of an established London gallery; acquired from a private estate collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 236

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze snake-shaped ring with carefully modelled head, incised scale details and curling tail. Snakes were associated with the healing god Asclepius in the Roman world, perhaps suggesting that this exceptional item belonged to a doctor. Excellent condition; beautiful patina; Size: D: 20.02mm / US: 10 1/4 / UK: U; 7.8g; Provenance: From the private collection of a Central London gentleman; previously in a collection formed on the UK/European art market before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 205

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung set of earrings and a necklace of Roman beads comprising multiple opaque and transparent sub-spherical, glass, glass-paste and stone beads in a variety of colours. The vibrant colours of the beads make this set a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Size: L:set of 2: 30mm(earings),122mm(necklace) / W:47mm(earings),260mm(necklace); 55.6g; Provenance: Obtained from L.C. ; previously in a collection formed in the 1970s on the UK and European art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 258

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung necklace of Roman beads comprising multiple opaque and transparent sub-spherical, and square glass, glass-paste and stone beads in a variety of colours. The vibrant colours of the beads make this necklace a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Good Condition, wearable; Size: L:70mm / W:mm ; 57g; Provenance: Private London collection, formed since the 1980s on the UK and European art market

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 354

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. Gold ring comprising D-shaped hoop and elliptical bezel with a carnelian setting. The setting bears an engraved male bust with short, curled hair, elegant facial features; he wears a toga, suggesting that he is a senator. This portrait may represent the one-time owner of this elegant piece. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 20.7mm / US: 11 / UK: V 1/2; 3.9g; Provenance: Property of a central London Ancient Art Gallery; previously obtained from a British private collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 355

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. Gold ring comprising D-shaped hoop and elliptical bezel with a black gem setting. The setting bears an engraved gryllos motif, comprising a youthful soldier wearing a plumed helmet and looking left, and a bearded, man in the nape of his neck. The gryllos (from the Greek for a caricature) is elusive figure in Roman mythology, who is often depicted as a conjoined old and young man, as in this example, and is commonly associated with the occult. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 19.84mm / US: 10 / UK: T 1/2; 3.5g; Provenance: Property of a professional Ancient art and jewelry expert; previously with a London gallery; initially from a private British collection formed in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 202

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung necklace of Roman beads comprising cylindrical carnelian beads and spherical metallic spacers. The vibrant red beads make this necklace a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Good Condition, wearable.Size: L: 260mm / W:350mm ; 18.8g; Provenance: Property of a North London gentleman; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1970s;

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 513

100-300 AD. Roman. Yellowish-green glass flask with in-folded, flaring rim, cylindrical neck, mould-blown Janus-head body comprising two male human faces each with long hair looking in opposite directions; the vessel sits on a raised ring foot. In the Roman pantheon, Janus was the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways passages, frames, and endings. His two faces symbolise his ability to look both to the future and to the past. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:95mm / W:55mm ; 75g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, formerly with the Parthenon gallery, previously in an old English collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 207

100-300 AD. Roman period. An elaborate pair of gold earrings each comprising (from top to bottom): a rounded suspension loop connecting to a circular rondel; a sub-rectangular woven panel; and two almond pendants terminating in spiral motifs. The edges of the earrings are decorated with intricate granulation. These beautiful items probably belonged to a Roman noblewoman. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:53mm / W:15mm ; 9.2g; Provenance: Property of a professional Ancient art and jewelry expert; previously with a London gallery; initially from a private British collection formed in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 338

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold pendant with double tubular body and rounded suspension loop. The top and bottom of the tubes are decorated with filigree trails and two rosettes formed of lozenges cover the space in between. This gorgeous item may once have belonged to a Roman noblewoman. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:32mm / W:18mm ; 7.3g; Provenance: From the collection of a gentleman based in London; formerly in an old British collection; acquired in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 216

100-200 AD. Roman. Bronze brooch, depicting a horse with a fine head shown in profile. The catch-plate and pin are both fully preserved. Brooches were an important element of Roman dress, used to fasten clothing but they also served as dress accessories in their own right. Thousands of different types and subtypes of Roman brooches are attested, and they seem to have played an important role in Roman people’s self-expression. For comparable Roman brooches, see Richard Hattatt. 2000. A Visual Catalogue of Richard Hattatt's Ancient Brooches. Oxbow Books, p. 218. Good condition. Size: L:22mm / W:34mm ; 22g; Provenance: From an old British collection, acquired on the UK art market in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 515

100-300 AD. Roman. Light greenish-blue flask with flaring, folded rim, very long neck and small, globular body. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:190mm / W:47mm ; 35g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970-80s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 392

C. 300-500 AD Roman. A large iron spearhead comprising a slender leaf-shaped, lentoid sectioned blade with a slightly raised midrib and a socket for increased control. Weapons of this type were used in the Late Roman period both by Roman soldiers and by their Barbarian adversaies. Its large size suggests it was probably used alongside a shield by heavy infantry fighting in close formation. For more information on Roman weaponry in general see Bishop and Coulston 2005, “Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome.“ Good Condition.Size: L:432mm / W:50mm ; 585g; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 359

1-200 AD. Roman. Bronze ring with round hoop and flattened, hexagonal bezel bearing an incised galloping horse motif. The cavalry played a major role in Rome’s wars of expansion and represented some of the most elite units of the Roman military. This ring may have belonged to a proud member of the Roman calvary, perhaps an officer. For more information on Roman rings, see: Cf. Ruseva-Slokoska, L. Roman Jewellery, Sofia, 1991. Good condition; Size: D: 20.2mm / US: 10 1/2 / UK: U 1/2; 5.6g; Provenance: Private London collection, formed in the 1990s on the UK and European art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 364

100-300 AD. Roman. Silver ring with circular hoop and applied round plate bezel featuring an engraved centaur. In Greek and Roman mythology, centaurs are half-man and half-horse beasts, with a human torso joined at the waist to the body and legs of a horse. They are generally considered to represent barbarism and unbridled chaos, but they made an appropriate subject for signet rings as they allowed the wearer to show off their knowledge of mythology. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 16.92mm / US: 6 1/2 / UK: N; 2.8g; Provenance: From an old British collection, acquired on the UK art market in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 301

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze key pendant with circular suspension loop, ribbed shank and L-shaped bit. Keys and locks were an important way of keeping one’s possessions safe under the Roman Empire, but since most Roman clothing did not feature pockets, it was important to find a way not to lose one’s keys! The usual way that Roman people achieved this was to wear their keys around their necks or as rings, as this well-preserved example demonstrates. Excellent condition; beautiful patina. Wearable; Size: L:60mm / W:20mm ; 16.4g; Provenance: Obtained from L.C. ; previously in a collection formed in the 1980s on the UK and European art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 538

Possibly Grand Tour period. Roman-style greenish-blue glass vessel with an out-turned rim, cylindrical neck, globular body and L-shaped handle. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. This item may be a reproduction made during the Grand Tour period, when travellers from Northern Europe visited the Mediterranean region and local artisans grew the appreciate the fine technical qualities of Roman glass. Excellent condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:160mm / W:140mm ; 1.3kg; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 293

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. A heavy bronze armilla bracelet with rectangular section and sub-elliptical, recurved terminals. Armillae were armband style bracelets awarded as a military decoration. The rank of the soldier in question determined the metal from which the bracelet was made either gold, silver or bronze. These bracelets were not for everyday wear, but were occasion pieces worn at special military and civic events suchs a triumphs, religious ceremonies and games. Superb condition.Size: L:60mm / W:72mm ; 27g; Provenance: Private Kent collection, formed in the 1980-90s on the UK art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 308

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. Gold pendant with circular, ribbed suspension loop and disk-shaped medallion with a white stone cameo setting of a woman enclosed by a starburst motif. The woman is in a frontal pose, with short, flowing hair, prominent eyes, large nose, small mouth and prominent chin. She may depict Medusa, was one of the three monstrous Gorgons, generally described as winged human females with snakes in place of hair. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:37mm / W:30mm ; 6g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 500

900-600 BC. Etruscan. Beautiful bronze bowl with out-turned rim, conical body, and flattened bottom. Rows of horizontal line decoration run around the exterior below the rim. The Etruscans were an Italic people who occupied the area of modern Tuscany and neighbouring regions in Italy in the pre-Roman period, before coming into conflict and eventually being conquered by Rome. Bowls such as this one would have been used by the Etruscans both for serving food in domestic contexts and in making offerings to the gods during ceremonial occasions. Excellent condition; beautiful patina; on a custom stand. Size: L:75mm / W:210mm ; 615g; Provenance: Private collection of an Oxford professional, formed in the 1970s-1990s on the UK art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 295

1000-1500 AD. Medieval Crusaders period. Large bronze Latin cross with rounded suspension loop and moulded decoration showing St George, armed with a sword and dressed in full armour. George is flanked by other haloed saints of unclear identity. St George is a Christian saint who was a soldier in the Roman army who was sentenced to death for refusing to abandon his Christian faith. He later became one of the most important saints in Christianity, and in particular was associated with fighting against God’s enemies. The Cross is the principal symbol of Christianity, recalling the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ and the redeeming benefits of his Passion and death. The Cross is thus a sign both of Christ himself and of the faith of Christians. The Cross that the Crusaders wore on their robes was a symbol of martyrdom, and to die in combat was considered a great honour that assured a place in heaven. This beautiful item may have belonged to a crusader knight, who travelled to the Holy land to defend his faith. Excellent condition.Size: L:75mm / W:38mm ; 21g ; Provenance: Obtained from a B.F; previously in a collection formed in the 1990s on the UK art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 508

100-300 AD. Roman. Pale blue glass vessel with folded rim, elongated, flaring neck and globular body. Now weathered with a gunmetal-coloured patina. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:200mm / W:100mm ; 75g; Provenance: From an old British collection, acquired on the UK art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 339

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold amulet with rounded ribbed suspension loop featuring rosette or star ornament, from which hands a crescent-shaped plate representing the moon. The plate is ornamented with an ornate corded filigree border; the interior is filled with meandering motifs and stars; two large stars mark the cups of the crescent. In popular belief the Romans saw the moon as protecting against evil forces, demons and sorcery, but especially against the evil eye. The crescent moon is also associated with the goddess Luna. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:38mm / W:32mm ; 5.2g; Provenance: From the collection of a gentleman based in London; formerly with a British gallery; acquired in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 535

100 AD or later. Roman-style. Rectangular Roman-style marble plaque framed to the left and right by trees and ranged over two registers. On the upper register two sitting males (left), observe a naked man and woman lying together (centre), as if in a post-coital embrace, while a further sitting male looks on (right); on the lower register, a youth wearing a toga petitions a semi-clothed older male (left), a confronted naked man and a woman lie on their stomachs and share a winecup (centre) while watched by one seated and one standing man. Erotic scenes are common in Roman art, reflecting beliefs in the enjoyment of the good life; such scenes also inspired many later works in a similar style. N.B. this piece may be either of Roman, renaissance or later date. Good condition; on a custom-made stand. Size: L:170mm / W:585mm ; 7.3kg; Provenance: Obtained from a L.F; previously in a collection formed in the 1990s on the UK art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 208

100-300 AD. Roman period. An elaborate pair of gold earrings each comprising (from top to bottom): a circular hoop flanked on each side by two arches formed from baubles from which is suspended a ribbed sphere. The sphere is connected by a further ring of baubles connecting to a hemisphere from which hangs a final spherical bauble. These beautiful items probably belonged to a Roman noblewoman. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:41mm / W:26mm ; 10.6g; Provenance: Property of a professional Ancient art and jewelry expert; previously with a London gallery; initially from a private British collection formed before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 357

c. 323-31 BC. Greek Hellenistic period. A bronze ring with a round loop and flattened elliptical bevel bearing an incised figure of Hercules in the nude, holding his characteristic club in his left hand. Hercules was a Roman hero and demigod, the Roman equivalent of the Greek Herakles. He was famed for his strength and his many adventures, which he undertook while armed with his trusty club. In Graeco-Roman religion, Hercules’ club became a symbol of his power and the protection he could afford to his followers and was particularly popular among soldiers. The Hellenistic period, which runs from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC to the battle of Actium is 31 BC, was an era in which Greek-speaking peoples controlled much of the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia as far as present-day Afghanistan. This period saw many momentous scientific discoveries and artistic developments, including the creation of intricate jewellery, as this gorgeous ring exemplifies. Good condition; beautiful patina.Size: D: 20.2mm / US: 10 1/2 / UK: U 1/2; 5.3g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, formerly with the Parthenon gallery, previously in an old English collection formed before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 250

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. Exceptional gold club-shaped pendant comprising circular ribbed suspension loop, filigree-decorated handle and flaring body terminating in a rounded head. The body of the club is decorated with applied filigree bands, pendants and spirals. Hercules was a Roman hero and demigod, the Roman equivalent of the Greek Herakles. He was famed for his strength and his many adventures, which he undertook while armed with his trusty club. In Roman religion, Hercules’ club became a symbol of his power and the protection he could afford to his followers. This beautiful piece probably belonged to a faithful priest or priestess of the demigod. Excellent condition; wearable; Size: L:48mm / W:7mm ; 6.2g; Provenance: Property of a West London gentleman; previously in a collection formed on the UK/International art market in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 331

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung necklace of Roman beads comprising multiple opaque and transparent sub- spherical, tubular and rectangular glass, glass-paste and stone beads in a variety of colours. The vibrant red beads comprising the centremost portion make this necklace a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Good Condition, wearable. Size: L:250mm / W:mm ; 34.6g; Provenance: Property of a London gallery, previously in old British collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 540

Possibly Grand Tour period. Roman-style greenish-blue glass “claw beaker†with thickened rim, restricted neck, globular body, stem and flaring foot. The body is ornamented with two rows of projecting “claws†(which give this type of vessel its name), ornamented with greenish-blue and dark blue pincered trails. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. This item may be a reproduction made during the Grand Tour period, when travellers from Northern Europe visited the Mediterranean region and local artisans grew the appreciate the fine technical qualities of Roman glass. Excellent condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:190mm / W:140mm ; 855g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 198

300-450 AD. Late Roman. Silver ring with circular hoop and octagonal bezel bearing a rare incised camp gate motif topped by three standards. Camp gates were traditionally symbols of military power in Roman society, suggesting that this beautiful item belonged to a Roman army officer. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 20.02mm / US: 10 1/4 / UK: U; 7.92g; Provenance: From the private collection of a Central London gentleman; previously in a collection formed on the UK/European art market before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 523

100-300 AD, Roman. Beautiful tinned bronze mirror with discoid form, and a flattened, rectangular projecting handle featuring a rounded end. Mirrors such as these were important luxury items in the Roman world. These items were predominately owned by elite women who would have used them in order to aid or check the application of cosmetics. These items are frequently found in graves and sanctuary settings demonstrating their value as both an item of wealth and a possible ritual object. For more on Roman mirrors generally see G. Lloyd-Morgan, 'The antecedents and development of the Roman hand mirror', in H. M. Blake, T. W. Potter and D. B. Whitehouse (eds), Papers in Italian Archaeology I: the Lancaster Seminar. Recent Research in Prehistoric, Classical and Medieval Archaeology, BAR Supplementary Series 41 (Oxford; 1978), 227-35. Excellent condition; beautiful patina; on a custom stand.Size: L:357mm / W:212mm ; 325g; Provenance: From the private collection of a Kent gentleman; previously in an old British collection, formed in the 1980s on the UK /European art markets.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 340

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold sun disk amulet comprising a rounded ribbed suspension loop and disc-shaped pendant with spiral decoration. The sun stands for Sol Invictus (Latin for: "Unconquered Sun"), a major divinity in Late Roman religion. Sol Invictus was a patron of soldier and became part of official state religion in AD 274 under the Emperor Aurelian. The cult continued into the 5th century as St Augustine felt it necessary to preach against Sol to his Christian congregation. The connection between Sol and soldiers means that this item may well have belonged to a Roman legionary, who wore it a in hope of protection during military campaigns. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: L:22mm / W:20mm ; 2.4g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, formerly with the Parthenon gallery, previously in an old English collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 203

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung necklace of Roman beads comprising multiple opaque and transparent sub- spherical, tubular and rectangular glass, glass-paste and stone beads in a variety of colours. The vibrant colours of the beads make this necklace a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Good Condition, wearable.Size: L:275mm / W:mm ; 59g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 434

C. 600 AD. Migration Period. A long iron sword with a long, pointed, bevelled blade, a rectangular guard, and a long, rectangular tang for affixing a handle. The Migration Period of European history during and after the decline of the Western Roman empire saw the widespread migration of and invasions by peoples, notably Germanic and Turkic tribes. Many of these warlike peoples were heavily armed and able to carve out their own kingdoms through force of arms. This sword may have belonged to a warrior from the Khazar tribe, a Turkic-speaking people who lived in the North Black Sea region from the 6th century onwards and who fought for their place in the world during a brutal and savage time when might in battle was prized above all else. Good condition; on a custom stand.Size: L:866mm / W:60mm ; 650g; Provenance: From an old British collection, acquired on the UK art market in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 539

Possibly Grand Tour period. Roman-style yellowish-green glass vessel with a flaring neck, tapering rim, globular body and applied ear-shaped handles. Trailed decoration runs around the neck. Glass was a major manufacturing industry in the Roman Empire, especially after the invention of glassblowing in the middle of the first century BC, when glass became used for a variety of purposes including vessels, jewellery and construction materials such as glass or tiles. Roman glassmaking reached the farthest corners of the Empire and flourished until about 400 AD, when the Roman Empire started to disintegrate, finally falling in the late 5th century AD. Vessels would probably have been used for perfumes, oils (used as soap) and/or medicines in antiquity. This item may be a reproduction made during the Grand Tour period, when travellers from Northern Europe visited the Mediterranean region and local artisans grew the appreciate the fine technical qualities of Roman glass. Excellent condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:210mm / W:130mm ; 380g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 376

100-300 AD. Roman. Iron trident with three long, widely-spaced prongs and twisted tang for insertion into a wooden haft. A trident is a three-pronged spear traditionally associated with the sea god Neptune in the Roman pantheon, perhaps suggesting that this item was used for ritual purposes. Good condition; on a custome-made stand.Size: L:775mm / W:130mm ; 430g ; Provenance: Property of a North London professional; previously acquire on the UK/European art market before 2000.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 276

100-300 AD. Roman. Gold ring with circular hoop and rounded bezel containing a grey gemstone intaglio setting. The intaglio features a hand pinching an ear, surrounding by a Greek formula requesting that the wearer does not forget. In Roman art and literature, the ear-tweaking hand is a common motif, signifying a request for attention. Gems like this one were mementos of love and were probably given to lovers as gifts. Excellent condition; wearable.Size: D: 18.8mm / US: 8 7/8 / UK: R1/2; 7.7g; Provenance: Obtained on the London art market in the early 2000s; formerly from the collection of an English Family, by descents form the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 257

Ca. 100-300 AD. Roman. A restrung necklace of Roman millefiori glass beads of spherical and cylindrical form and made using a wide range of colours. Millefiori (from the Italian for “a thousand flowersâ€) is a glass working technique which produces distinctive decorative patterns by fusing together canes in a variety of different colours to create a mosaic effect. The vibrant colours of the beads make this necklace a unique statement piece. Beads were an important part of Roman women's dress. For more information on Roman bead types, see M. Guido (1978), The glass beads of the prehistoric and Roman periods in Britain and Ireland. London: Society of Antiquaries. Excellent condition; wearable; Size: L:205mm / W:mm ; 47.6g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 526

600-900 BC. Etruscan. Terracotta mask of a male figure with long hair and full beard; the hairs are depicted in a stylised manner with individual tufts detailed by a combed texture. His heavy brows sit above drilled eye sockets, a prominent nose, and fine, pursed lips. This enigmatic figure may represent Tinia, an Etruscan counterpart of the Graeco-Roman thunder god Zeus/Jupiter. Tinia is king of the gods in the Etruscan pantheon and is often depicted as heavily bearded, as in this example. Good condition; on a custom-made stand.Size: L:170mm / W:130mm ; 265g; Provenance: Important London collection of Ancient art; formed in 1970s then passed by descent.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 326

c. 100-300 AD. Roman. A large bronze pendant comprising an upward-pointed phallus at one end, ribbed sides enclosing a suspension hole and at the other end a closed fist motif associated with good luck. Phallic charms, often winged, were ubiquitous in Roman culture and relate to the fascinus or fascinum which was the embodiment of the divine phallus. The word can refer to the deity himself (Fascinus), to phallus effigies and amulets, and to the spells used to invoke his divine protection against evil. Good condition.Size: L:20mm / W:47mm ; 17.8g; Provenance: Property of a London gallery, previously in old British collection formed in the 1980s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 362

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze ring with circular hoop and raised, round bezel featuring an engraved centaur holding a drawn bow. In Greek and Roman mythology, centaurs are half-man and half-horse beasts, with a human torso joined at the waist to the body and legs of a horse. They are generally considered to represent barbarism and unbridled chaos, but they made an appropriate subject for signet rings as they allowed the wearer to show off their knowledge of mythology. Good condition.Size: D: 19.31mm / US: 9 3/8 / UK: S 1/2 ; 4.4g; Provenance: From an old British collection formed in the 1990s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 358

100-200 AD. Roman. Bronze ring with round hoop and flattened, circular bezel bearing an incised eagle motif. An aquila (eagle) was a prominent symbol used in ancient Rome, especially as the standard of a Roman legion. A legionary known as an aquilifer, or eagle-bearer, carried this standard. Each legion carried one eagle. This ring likely belonged to either a legionary officer or standard-bearer. For more information on Roman rings, see: Cf. Ruseva-Slokoska, L. Roman Jewellery, Sofia, 1991. Good condition; Size: D: 16.71mm / US: 6 1/4 / UK: M 1/2; 4.8g; Provenance: Private London collection, formed in the 1990s on the UK and European art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 214

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze brooch comprising two rectangular bars joined by two stylised leaping dolphins, which feature carefully incised fins and tails; the pin and catchplate are preserved on the reverse. Brooches were an important element of Roman dress, used to fasten clothing but they also served as dress accessories in their own right. Thousands of different types and subtypes of Roman brooches are attested and they seem to have played an important role in Roman people’s self-expression. Cf. Richard Hattatt. 2000. A Visual Catalogue of Richard Hattatt's Ancient Brooches. Oxbow Books. Excellent condition.Size: L:17mm / W:30mm ; 8.4g; Provenance: Obtained from L.C. ; previously in a collection formed in the 1980s on the UK and European art market.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 505

100-300 AD. Roman. Bronze wine vessel with flaring rim, truncated conical neck, rounded shoulder, inward-flaring body and flat base. Wine drinking was an important part of Roman culture. This beautiful vessel would have been used for the serving of wine, which was often consumed mixed with spices or honey. Good condition; beautiful patina.Size: L:152mm / W:100mm ; 325g; Provenance: Property of a London gentleman, formerly with the Parthenon gallery, previously in an old English collection formed in the 1970s.

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Pax Romana Auctions
Lot 346

C. 100-300 AD. Roman. A bronze armilla bracelet with rectangular section and sub-elliptical, recurved terminals. Armillae were armband style bracelets awarded as a military decoration. The rank of the soldier in question determined the metal from which the bracelet was made either gold, silver or bronze. These bracelets were not for everyday wear, but were occasion pieces worn at special military and civic events suchs a triumphs, religious ceremonies and games. Superb condition.Size: L:60mm / W:72mm ; 30g; Provenance: Private Kent collection, formed in the 1980-90s on the UK art market.

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