162
Serapis; Rome, 1st-3rd century AD.Terracotta.It has material adhesions.It shows wear and tear.
1/5
Description
Serapis; Rome, 1st-3rd century AD.
Terracotta.
It has material adhesions.
It shows wear and tear.
Provenance: private collection (Madrid).
Measurements: 17.5 x 10 x 7 cm; 22 cm (base).
Modelled terracotta sculpture, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The piece represents the god Serapis, with a beard and curly hair, worked with a trephine.Serapis was a Greek-Egyptian syncretic god, named patron saint of Alexandria and official god of Egypt and Greece by Ptolemy I (367-283 BC), with the aim of culturally linking both countries. According to Tacitus, Serapis was the god of Racotis, a town near Alexandria, and according to Strabo he was linked to the sacred Apis bulls (hence the name Serapeum of Saqqara of the necropolis where several of these bulls were buried). In fact, it originates from a combination of Osiris and Apis, the image of the dead Apis, which brings together the elements related to the underworld and fertility, thus allowing the Egyptian and Greek religions to be linked in a single deity. Thus, the earliest mention of Serapis is found in the account of Alexander's death (Arrian, "Anabasis", VII.26), where a temple dedicated to this god in Babylon is mentioned and his importance is emphasised by the fact that the dying king names him alone of all the gods. However, the chief god of Babylon was Zeus Belus (Baal Marduk), and it is difficult to imagine that he would have been assimilated to Serapis on this occasion. However, it is known that Ea, also called Sarapsi, the god of the deep ocean, of learning and magic, had a temple in the city. All doubts aside, the importance of Serapis in Alexander's last days may have determined the choice of the Egyptian Osiris-Apis to give the name and some of the main characteristics to the god of Alexandria. Serapis is thus an exemplary case of a syncretic divinity in which cultural practices of different origins are synthesised in a new image.as for his iconography, it is based on the first statue of Serapis, which was in the Serapeum in Alexandria. Of purely Greek origin, it had the attributes of Hades: the "modius" in the form of a crown (basket or grain meter, emblem of the underworld), a sceptre and, at his feet, the can Cerberus and a serpent. Although the bust presented here bears none of these attributes, it does resemble the original Serapis in his features to a great extent: a mature man with a concentrated face, fixed eyes, a bushy beard and moustache and long wavy hair. Even the way the cloak falls over his shoulders seems to derive directly from that model.
Terracotta.
It has material adhesions.
It shows wear and tear.
Provenance: private collection (Madrid).
Measurements: 17.5 x 10 x 7 cm; 22 cm (base).
Modelled terracotta sculpture, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The piece represents the god Serapis, with a beard and curly hair, worked with a trephine.Serapis was a Greek-Egyptian syncretic god, named patron saint of Alexandria and official god of Egypt and Greece by Ptolemy I (367-283 BC), with the aim of culturally linking both countries. According to Tacitus, Serapis was the god of Racotis, a town near Alexandria, and according to Strabo he was linked to the sacred Apis bulls (hence the name Serapeum of Saqqara of the necropolis where several of these bulls were buried). In fact, it originates from a combination of Osiris and Apis, the image of the dead Apis, which brings together the elements related to the underworld and fertility, thus allowing the Egyptian and Greek religions to be linked in a single deity. Thus, the earliest mention of Serapis is found in the account of Alexander's death (Arrian, "Anabasis", VII.26), where a temple dedicated to this god in Babylon is mentioned and his importance is emphasised by the fact that the dying king names him alone of all the gods. However, the chief god of Babylon was Zeus Belus (Baal Marduk), and it is difficult to imagine that he would have been assimilated to Serapis on this occasion. However, it is known that Ea, also called Sarapsi, the god of the deep ocean, of learning and magic, had a temple in the city. All doubts aside, the importance of Serapis in Alexander's last days may have determined the choice of the Egyptian Osiris-Apis to give the name and some of the main characteristics to the god of Alexandria. Serapis is thus an exemplary case of a syncretic divinity in which cultural practices of different origins are synthesised in a new image.as for his iconography, it is based on the first statue of Serapis, which was in the Serapeum in Alexandria. Of purely Greek origin, it had the attributes of Hades: the "modius" in the form of a crown (basket or grain meter, emblem of the underworld), a sceptre and, at his feet, the can Cerberus and a serpent. Although the bust presented here bears none of these attributes, it does resemble the original Serapis in his features to a great extent: a mature man with a concentrated face, fixed eyes, a bushy beard and moustache and long wavy hair. Even the way the cloak falls over his shoulders seems to derive directly from that model.
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Serapis; Rome, 1st-3rd century AD.
Terracotta.
It has material adhesions.
It shows wear and tear.
Provenance: private collection (Madrid).
Measurements: 17.5 x 10 x 7 cm; 22 cm (base).
Modelled terracotta sculpture, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The piece represents the god Serapis, with a beard and curly hair, worked with a trephine.Serapis was a Greek-Egyptian syncretic god, named patron saint of Alexandria and official god of Egypt and Greece by Ptolemy I (367-283 BC), with the aim of culturally linking both countries. According to Tacitus, Serapis was the god of Racotis, a town near Alexandria, and according to Strabo he was linked to the sacred Apis bulls (hence the name Serapeum of Saqqara of the necropolis where several of these bulls were buried). In fact, it originates from a combination of Osiris and Apis, the image of the dead Apis, which brings together the elements related to the underworld and fertility, thus allowing the Egyptian and Greek religions to be linked in a single deity. Thus, the earliest mention of Serapis is found in the account of Alexander's death (Arrian, "Anabasis", VII.26), where a temple dedicated to this god in Babylon is mentioned and his importance is emphasised by the fact that the dying king names him alone of all the gods. However, the chief god of Babylon was Zeus Belus (Baal Marduk), and it is difficult to imagine that he would have been assimilated to Serapis on this occasion. However, it is known that Ea, also called Sarapsi, the god of the deep ocean, of learning and magic, had a temple in the city. All doubts aside, the importance of Serapis in Alexander's last days may have determined the choice of the Egyptian Osiris-Apis to give the name and some of the main characteristics to the god of Alexandria. Serapis is thus an exemplary case of a syncretic divinity in which cultural practices of different origins are synthesised in a new image.as for his iconography, it is based on the first statue of Serapis, which was in the Serapeum in Alexandria. Of purely Greek origin, it had the attributes of Hades: the "modius" in the form of a crown (basket or grain meter, emblem of the underworld), a sceptre and, at his feet, the can Cerberus and a serpent. Although the bust presented here bears none of these attributes, it does resemble the original Serapis in his features to a great extent: a mature man with a concentrated face, fixed eyes, a bushy beard and moustache and long wavy hair. Even the way the cloak falls over his shoulders seems to derive directly from that model.
Terracotta.
It has material adhesions.
It shows wear and tear.
Provenance: private collection (Madrid).
Measurements: 17.5 x 10 x 7 cm; 22 cm (base).
Modelled terracotta sculpture, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The piece represents the god Serapis, with a beard and curly hair, worked with a trephine.Serapis was a Greek-Egyptian syncretic god, named patron saint of Alexandria and official god of Egypt and Greece by Ptolemy I (367-283 BC), with the aim of culturally linking both countries. According to Tacitus, Serapis was the god of Racotis, a town near Alexandria, and according to Strabo he was linked to the sacred Apis bulls (hence the name Serapeum of Saqqara of the necropolis where several of these bulls were buried). In fact, it originates from a combination of Osiris and Apis, the image of the dead Apis, which brings together the elements related to the underworld and fertility, thus allowing the Egyptian and Greek religions to be linked in a single deity. Thus, the earliest mention of Serapis is found in the account of Alexander's death (Arrian, "Anabasis", VII.26), where a temple dedicated to this god in Babylon is mentioned and his importance is emphasised by the fact that the dying king names him alone of all the gods. However, the chief god of Babylon was Zeus Belus (Baal Marduk), and it is difficult to imagine that he would have been assimilated to Serapis on this occasion. However, it is known that Ea, also called Sarapsi, the god of the deep ocean, of learning and magic, had a temple in the city. All doubts aside, the importance of Serapis in Alexander's last days may have determined the choice of the Egyptian Osiris-Apis to give the name and some of the main characteristics to the god of Alexandria. Serapis is thus an exemplary case of a syncretic divinity in which cultural practices of different origins are synthesised in a new image.as for his iconography, it is based on the first statue of Serapis, which was in the Serapeum in Alexandria. Of purely Greek origin, it had the attributes of Hades: the "modius" in the form of a crown (basket or grain meter, emblem of the underworld), a sceptre and, at his feet, the can Cerberus and a serpent. Although the bust presented here bears none of these attributes, it does resemble the original Serapis in his features to a great extent: a mature man with a concentrated face, fixed eyes, a bushy beard and moustache and long wavy hair. Even the way the cloak falls over his shoulders seems to derive directly from that model.
9th of May - Archaeology
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