CARVED 'BLINDMAN' TABLE SNUFF BOX 19TH CENTURY depicting Tam O'Shanter fleeing from a witch on his

The Auctioneer carries on business with bidders, Buyers and all those present in the auction room prior to, or in connection with, a sale on the following General Conditions and on such other terms, conditions and notices as may be referred to herein.

UK - CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR BUYERS

The Auctioneer carries on business with bidders, Buyers and all those present in the auction room prior to, or in connection with, a sale on the following General Conditions and on such other terms, conditions and notices as may be referred to herein.

1. DEFINITIONS

In these Conditions of Sale (Buyers):
"Auctioneer" means Lyon & Turnbull Ltd (Registered in Scotland No: 191166 | Registered address: 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EH1 3RR) or its authorised auctioneer, as appropriate;
"Hammer price" means the level of bidding reached (at or above any reserve) when the Auctioneer brings down the hammer;
"Lot" means each Item offered for sale by Lyon & Turnbull;
"Purchase Price" is the Hammer Price and applicable Buyer's Premium;
"Reserve" means the lowest price below which an item cannot be sold;
"Total amount due" means the hammer price in respect of the lot sold together with any premium, Value Added Tax or other taxes chargeable and any additional charges payable by a defaulting Buyer under these Conditions;
“You”, “Your” means the Buyer
“Us”, “Our”, “We” etc. refers to Lyon & Turnbull Ltd
The singular includes the plural and vice versa as appropriate.

2. AGENCY

Lyon & Turnbull acts as agent solely for and in the interests of the Seller.  We do not act for Buyers in this role and does not give advice to Buyers.  When Lyon & Turnbull make a statement about a lot it is doing so on behalf of the Seller of the lot. 

The Auctioneer normally acts as agent only and disclaims any responsibility for default by Sellers or Buyers.

3. BIDDING PROCEDURES AND THE BUYER

(a) Bidders are required to register their particulars before bidding and to satisfy any security and credit references or arrangements before entering the auction room to view or bid;

(b) High Value Lots and High Cumulative Value of Lots: If you wish to bid on any High Value Lot (a lot with a lower estimate of £30,000 or above) or if you are bidding on several lots with a total lower estimate value of £30,000 or above, you are invited to complete the High Value Lot pre-registration. After you have successfully registered as a bidder with Lyon and Turnbull, you should complete the High Value Lot pre-registration before the date of sale by contacting the Office Manager or on the date of sale at the registration area. Unless otherwise agreed by us, you will be permitted to bid for High Value Lots only if Lyon and Turnbull has confirmed your payment of deposit and your completion of the High Value Lot pre-registration before the sale. The Deposit required will be 10% of the lower estimate. Upon pre-registration, you should pay the deposit or such other sum as determined by Lyon and Turnbull dependant on circumstances, by way of bank transfer or credit card(s) acceptable to Lyon and Turnbull. Please note that Lyon and Turnbull does not accept payment from third parties and this also applies to agents.

If you are not successful in any bid and do not owe Lyon and Turnbull any debt, the deposit will be refunded to you by way of wire transfer or such other methods as determined by Lyon and Turnbull. Please make sure that you provide your bank details in the pre-registration form. The exchange rate provided to us by the bank on the date of exchange is final. We will arrange to refund the deposit to you within seven days after the date of sale, however we do not guarantee when you will receive the payment due to the variance in time for banks to process fund transfers.

Upon successful pre-registration, you will be given a numbered High Value Lot paddle for identification purposes. The auctioneer will usually only accept bids made with the High Value Lot paddle or by its High Value Lot registered bidder. This applies to saleroom, telephone and absentee bids. 
Lyon and Turnbull has the right to change the High Value Lot pre-registration procedures and requirements from time to time without notice.

(c) The maker of the highest bid accepted by the Auctioneer conducting the sale shall be the Buyer and any dispute shall be settled at the Auctioneer's absolute discretion.
(d) Once made, no bid may be withdrawn.
(e) Our right to bid on behalf of Sellers is expressly reserved up to the amount of any reserve.
(f) The right to refuse any bid is also reserved.
(g) Commission Bids: While prospective Buyers are strongly advised to attend the auction and are always responsible for any decision to bid for a particular lot and shall be assumed to have carefully inspected and satisfied themselves as to its condition we shall, if so instructed, clearly and in writing execute bids on their behalf. Neither the Auctioneer nor our employees nor agents shall be responsible for any failure to do so. Where two or more commission bids at the same level are recorded we reserve the right in our absolute discretion to prefer the first bid so made.
(h) Telephone Bids: If a prospective Buyer makes arrangements with us prior to the commencement of the sale we will use reasonable efforts to contact them to enable them to participate in bidding by telephone.  We do not accept liability for failure to do so or for errors and omissions in connections. 
(h) Online Bidding: We will use reasonable efforts to carry out online bids and do not accept liability for equipment failure, inability to access the internet or software malfunctions related to execution of online bids/ live bidding. 

4. INCREMENTS

Bidding increments shall be at the Auctioneer's sole discretion.

5. THE PURCHASE PRICE

For each lot purchased a Buyer's Premium of 25% of the hammer price of each lot up to and including £100,000, plus 20% from £100,001 thereafter. VAT at the appropriate rate is charged on the Buyer's Premium. No VAT is payable on the hammer price or premium for printed books or unframed maps bought at auction.

Live online bidding is subject to an additional 4.95% premium (charged by the live bidding service provider Invaluable).  This additional premium is subject to VAT at the appropriate rate as above. 

6. VALUE ADDED TAX

Value Added Tax is charged at the appropriate rate prevailing by law at the date of sale and is payable by Buyers of relevant lots.
(1) Lots affixed with (†):  Value Added Tax on the hammer price is imposed by law on all items affixed with a dagger (†). This imposition of VAT maybe because the Seller is registered for VAT within the European Union and is not operating under a Margin Scheme. 
(2) Lots affixed with (*): A reduced rate of Value Added Tax on the hammer price of 5% is payable.  This indicates that a lot has been imported from outwith the European Union.  This reduced rate is applicable to Antique items. 
(3) Lots affixed with [Ω]: Standard rate of Value Added Tax on the hammer price and premium is payable.  This applies to items that have been imported from outwith the European Union and do not fall within the reduced rate category outlined above. 

7. DROIT de SUITE

This symbol § indicates works which may be subject to the Droit de Suite or Artist's Resale Right, which took effect in the United Kingdom on 14th February 2006. We are required to collect a royalty payment for all qualifying works of art. Under new legislation which came into effect on 1st January 2012 this applies to living artists and artists who have died in the last 70 years. This royalty will be charged to the Buyer on the hammer price and in addition to the Buyer’s premium. It will not apply to works where the hammer price is less than €1,000 (euros). The charge for works of art sold at and above €1,000 (euros) and below €50,000 (euros) is 4%. For items selling above €50,000 (euros), charges are calculated on a sliding scale. All royalty charges are paid to the Design and Artists Copyright Society (‘DACS’) and no handling costs or additional fees are retained by the auctioneer. Resale royalties are not subject to VAT. Please note that the royalty payment is calculated on the rate of exchange at the European Central Bank on the date of the sale. More information on Droit de Suite is available at www.dacs.org.uk.

8. PAYMENT

(1) Within 7 days of a lot being sold you will:  
(a) Pay to us the total amount due in cash or by such other method as is agreed by us. We accept cash, bank transfer (details on request), debit cards and Visa or MasterCard credit cards. We do not accept American Express.
(b)  Please note that we do not accept cash payments over £5,000. 

(2) Any payments by you to us may be applied by us towards any sums owing by you to us howsoever incurred and without agreement by you or your agent, whether express or implied.

9. TITLE AND COLLECTION OF PURCHASES

(1) The ownership of any lots purchased shall not pass to you until you have made payment in full to us of the total amount due.
(2) You shall at your own risk and expense take away any lots that you have purchased and paid for not later than 7 working days following the day of the auction or upon the clearance of any cheque used for payment whichever is later. We can provide you with a list of shippers. However, we will not be responsible for the acts or omissions of carriers or packers whether or not recommended by us. 
(3) No purchase can be claimed or removed until it has been paid for.
(4) It is the Buyer’s responsibility to ascertain collection procedures, particularly if the sale is not being held at our main sale room and the potential storage charges for lots not collected by the appropriate time.
(5) Export of goods: Buyers intending to export goods should ascertain (a) whether an export licence is required and (b) whether there is any specific prohibition on importing goods of that character, e.g. items that may contain prohibited materials such as ivory or rhino horn.   It is the buyer’s sole responsibility to obtain any relevant export or import licence.  The denial of any licence or any delay in obtaining licences shall neither justify the recession of any sale not any delay in making full payment for the lot. 

10. REMEDIES FOR NON·PAYMENT OR FAILURE TO COLLECT PURCHASES

(1) If any lot is not paid for in full and taken away in accordance with these Conditions or if there is any other breach of these Conditions, we, as agent for the Sellers and on their behalf, shall at our absolute discretion and without prejudice to any other rights we may have, be entitled to exercise one or more of the following rights and remedies:
(a) to proceed against you for damages for breach of contract;
(b) to rescind the contract for sale of that lot and/or any other lots sold by us to you;
(c) to resell the lot (by auction or private treaty) in which case you shall be responsible for any resulting deficiency in the total amount due (after crediting any part payment and adding any resale costs).
(d) to remove, store and insure the lot in the case of storage, either at our premises or elsewhere and to recover from you all costs incurred in respect thereof;
(e) to charge interest at a rate not exceeding 1.5% per month above the current base rate on all sums outstanding for more than 7 working days after the sale;
(f) to retain that or any other lot sold to you until you pay the total amount due;
(g) to reject or ignore bids from you or your agent at future auctions or to impose conditions before any such bids shall be accepted;
(h) to apply any proceeds of sale of other lots due or which become due to you towards the settlement of the total amount due by you and to exercise a lien over any of your property in our possession for any purpose until the debt due is satisfied.

11. DESCRIPTIONS AND CONDITION

 (1) Whilst we seek to describe lots accurately, it may be impractical for us to carry out exhaustive due diligence on each lot. Prospective Buyers are given ample opportunities to view and inspect before any sale and they (and any independent experts on their behalf) must satisfy themselves as to the accuracy of any description applied to a lot. Prospective Buyers also bid on the understanding that, inevitably, representations or statements by us as to authorship, genuineness, origin, date, age, provenance, condition or estimated selling price involve matters of opinion. We undertake that any such opinion shall be honestly and reasonably held and only accept liability for opinions given negligently or fraudulently. Subject to the foregoing neither we the auctioneer or our employees or agents accept liability for the correctness of such opinions and no warranties, whether relating to description, condition or quality of lots, express, implied or statutory, are given. Please note that photographs/images provided may not be fully representative of the condition of the lot and should not be relied upon as indicative of the overall condition of the lot. 

(2) Condition reports: Condition reports are provided on our website or upon request.  The absence of a report does not imply that a lot is without imperfections.  Large numbers of such requests are received shortly before each sale and department specialists and administration will endeavor to respond to all requests although we offer no guarantee.  Any statement in relation to the lot is merely an expression of opinion of the Seller or Lyon & Turnbull and should not be relied upon as an inducement to bid on the lot.  Lots are available for inspection prior to the sale and you are strongly advised to examine any lot in which you are interested prior to the sale.  Our condition reports are not prepared by professional conservators, restorers or engineers.  Our condition report does not form any contract between Lyon & Turnbull and the Buyer. The Condition Reports do not affect the Seller’s obligations in any way. 

(3) Estimates: Estimates are placed on each lot to help Buyers gauge the sums involved for the purchase of a particular lot.  Estimates do not include the Buyer’s Premium or VAT.  Estimates are a matter of opinion and prepared in advance.  Estimates may be subject to change and are for guidance only and should not be relied upon.

(4) Catalogue Alterations: Lot descriptions and estimates are prepared in advance of the sale and may be subject to change.  Any alterations will be announced on the catalogue alteration sheet, made available prior to the sale. It is the responsibility of the Buyer to make themselves aware to any alterations which may have occurred.

(5) Electrical Goods: are sold as “works of art” only and if bought for use must be checked over for compliance with safety regulations by a qualified electrician first. Use of such goods is entirely at the risk of the Buyer and no warranties as to safety of the goods are given.

(6) Upholstered items: are sold as “works of art” only and if bought for use must be checked over for compliance with safety regulations (items manufactured prior to 1950 are exempt from any regulations). Use of such goods is entirely at the risk of the Buyer and no warranties as to safety of the goods are given.  Lyon & Turnbull provide no guarantee as to the originality of any wood/material contained within the item. 

(7) Special terms may be used in catalogue descriptions of particular classes of items (Books, Jewellery, Paintings, Guns, Firearms etc.) in which case the descriptions must be interpreted in accordance with any glossary appearing in the catalogue. These notices and terms will also form part of our terms and conditions of sales.

12. BOOKS, CLOCKS & WATCHES

(1) Books-Collation: If on collation any NAMED item in the sale catalogue proves defective, in text or illustration the Buyer may reject the lot provided he returns it within 21 days of the sale stating the defect in writing. This, however, shall not apply in the case of unnamed items, periodicals, autographed letters, music M.M.S., maps, drawings NOR in respect of damage to bindings, stains, foxing, marginal worm holes or other defects not affecting the completeness of the text NOR in respect of Defects mentioned in the catalogue, or at the time of sale, NOR in respect of lots sold for less than £300.

(2) Clocks & Watches: All lots are sold “as seen”, and the absence of any reference to the condition of a clock or watch does not imply the lot is in good condition and without defects, repairs or restorations. Most clocks and watches will have been repaired during their normal lifetime and may now incorporate additional/newer parts. Furthermore, Lyon & Turnbull makes no representation or warranty that any clock or watch is in working order. As clocks and watches often contain fine and complex mechanisms, Buyers should be aware that a general service, change of battery or further repair work, for which the Buyer is solely responsible, may be necessary. Buyers should also be aware that Lyon & Turnbull cannot guarantee a watch will remain waterproof if the back is removed.  Buyers should be aware that the importing watches such as Rolex, Frank Muller and Corum into the United States is highly restricted. These watches cannot be shipped to the USA and only imported personally.

13. CITES

Please be aware that all lots marked with the symbol Y may be subject to CITES regulations when exporting these items outside the EU. These regulations may be found at https://www.defra.gov.uk/ahvla-en/imports-exports/cites

Lyon & Turnbull accepts no liability for any lots which may be subject to CITES but have not be identified as such. 

14. SALE BY PRIVATE TREATY

(a) The same Conditions of Sale (Buyers) shall apply to sales by private treaty.
(b) Private treaty sales made under these Conditions are deemed to be sales by auction and subject to our agreed charges for Sellers and Buyers.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull undertakes to inform the Seller of any offers it receives in relation to an item prior to any Proposed Sale, excluding the normal method of commission bids.
(d) For the purposes of a private treaty sale, if a lot is sold in any other currency than Sterling, the exchange rate is to be taken on the date of sale.

15. THIRD PARTY LIABILITY

All members of the public on our premises are there at their own risk and must note the lay-out of the accommodation, safety and security arrangements. Accordingly, neither the Auctioneer nor our employees or agents shall incur liability for death or personal injury or similarly for the safety of the property of persons visiting prior to, during or after a sale. 

16. GENERAL

(a) We shall have the right at our discretion, to refuse admission to our premises or attendance at our auctions by any person.
(b) Any notice to any Buyer, Seller, bidder or viewer may be given by email if not available then first class mail in which case it shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee 48 hours after posting.
(c) Notices to Lyon & Turnbull should be in writing and addressed to Gavin Strang at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh EH1 3RR, quoting the reference number specified at the beginning of the sale catalogue.
(d) Should any provision of these Conditions of Sale be held unenforceable for any reason, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect.
(e) These Conditions of Sale are not assignable by either party without the other's prior written consent. No act, omission or delay by Lyon & Turnbull shall be deemed a waiver or release of any of its rights.
(f) The contract between the parties may be varied by the parties by agreement and in writing.

17. DATA PROTECTION

In connection with the management and operation of our business and the marketing and supply of Lyon & Turnbull's services, or as required by law, we may ask the Buyer to provide personal information about themselves or obtain information about the Buyer from third parties (e.g. credit information). Lyon & Turnbull will not give out personal information except as may be required by law. 

If you would like further information on Lyon & Turnbull policies on personal data, or to make corrections to your information, please contact us on 0131 557 8844.

18.  FORCE MAJEURE 

Lyon & Turnbull shall be under no liability if they shall be unable to carry out any provision of the Contract of Sale for any reason beyond their control including (without limiting the foregoing) an act of God, legislation, war, fire, flood, drought, failure of power supply, lock-out, strike or other action taken by employees in contemplation or furtherance of a dispute or owing to any inability to procure materials required for the performance of the contract. 

19.  LAW AND JURISDICTION

(a) Governing Law: These Conditions of Sale and all aspects of all matters, transactions or disputes to which they relate or apply shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, Scots law
(b) Jurisdiction: The Buyer agrees that the Courts of Scotland are to have exclusive jurisdiction to settle all disputes arising in connection with all aspects of all matters or transactions to which these Conditions of Sale relate or apply.

UK - CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SELLERS

1. DEFINITIONS

In these Conditions of Sale (Sellers):
"Auctioneer" means Lyon & Turnbull Ltd (Registered in Scotland No: 191166 | Registered address: 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EH1 3RR)  or its authorised auctioneer, as appropriate;
"Buyer" is the person who makes the highest possible bid or offer accepted by the auctioneer, and/or such person's principal where bidding as agent;
"Buyer's Premium" is the commission payable by the Buyer on the Hammer Price at the rates set out in the Sale Catalogue Guide to Prospective Buyers and an amount in respect of applicable VAT;
"Hammer Price" is the highest bid accepted by the auctioneer by the fall of the hammer or in the case of a post-auction sale, the agreed sale price;
"Item" means each and every item consigned for sale following express written agreement between Lyon & Turnbull and the Seller;
"Lot" means each Item offered for sale by Lyon & Turnbull;
"Lower Estimate" means the low estimate provided by Lyon & Turnbull to the Seller in relation to each Item, or in relation to any Item which Lyon & Turnbull holds on behalf of the Seller;
"Lyon & Turnbull" means the company which has its registered office at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EHI 3RR registered in Scotland No. 191166
"Net Sale Proceeds" are the Hammer Price, less commissions and other charges, of the Lot sold, to the extent received by Lyon & Turnbull in cleared funds;
"Proposed Sale" means the intended sale through which the items will be sold on
"Purchase Price" is the Hammer Price and applicable Buyer's Premium;
"Reserve" means the lowest price below which an item cannot be sold;
"Terms of consignment" means the stipulated terms and rates of commission on which the Auctioneer accepts instructions from Sellers or their agents;
"Upper Estimate" means the high estimate provided by Lyon & Turnbull to the Seller in relation to each Item, or in relation to any Item which Lyon & Turnbull holds on behalf of the Seller;
"Without reserve" where there is no minimum price at which a lot may be sold (whether at auction or private treaty);
“You”, “Your” means the seller. The Seller means you are the owner of the lot or, if you are not the owner of the lot (whether or not you have notified us that you are acting as an agent for a principal), you are duly authorised by the owner of the lot to sell it. 
“Us”, “Our”, “We” etc refers to Lyon & Turnbull Ltd
The singular includes the plural and vice versa as appropriate.

2. WARRANTY OF TITLE AND AVAILABILITY

The Seller warrants:-
(a) that you are the true owner of the property consigned or are properly authorised by the true owner to consign it for sale and are able to transfer good and marketable title to the property free from any third party claims.
(b) that all requirements have been complied with, legal or otherwise, relating to any export or import of the property consigned, all duties and taxes in respect of the export or import of the lot have (unless agreed in writing with us) been paid and, so far as you and any principal for whom they are acting in relation to the lot are aware, all third parties have complied with such requirements in the past.
(c) that you have provided  Lyon & Turnbull  with any and all information concerning  the item’s provenance or any concerns  expressed by third  parties  concerning  its ownership, condition, authenticity, attribution, and export or import history; and
(d) Unless the Seller advises Lyon & Turnbull in writing to the contrary on delivery of the item to Lyon & Turnbull, there are no restrictions on Lyon & Turnbull rights to reproduce photographs or other images of the item in connection with the sale or any other marketing which will be done in accordance with good taste and decency.

3. PREPARATION FOR SALE

(a) Lyon & Turnbull  shall decide the way in which a lot may be included  in the sale, how any lot is described and illustrated in the catalogue  or any report, and the marketing, promotion, date, place and conduct of the sale.
(b) Lyon & Turnbull  will instruct, consult  with, and  rely  on, any  outside  experts  or  restorers, agents  or other  third  parties, and  carry  out such other  due diligence, inquiries, research or tests  in relation  to the property or its provenance, either  before  the Proposed Sale as it may deem appropriate in its reasonable discretion.
(c) Any oral or written estimate or evaluation or report provided by Lyon & Turnbull is a genuinely held opinion only.  It may not be relied on as a prediction of the selling price or value of the Item, and may in Lyon & Turnbull’s absolute discretion be revised at any time.
(d) The Seller acknowledges that attribution of Items is a matter of opinion and not of fact, and is dependent upon (amongst other things) information provided  by the Seller, the condition  of the property, the degree of research, examination or testing that is possible or practical  in the circumstances, and the status of generally accepted expert opinion at the time of cataloguing.

4. TERMS OF SALE

The Seller acknowledges that lots are sold subject to these Conditions  and on the Terms of Consignment as notified to the consignor at the time of the entry of the lot.

5. STANDARD SELLER  FEES AND CHARGES (Subject to VAT)

(1) Commission: 15% is charged on the selling price of each lot, (subject to a minimum charge of £45). Loss and damage warranty: 1.5% on value of lots sold. Photography: min charge £30. Online Listing: £10 per lot.

(2) Transport:  Items for sale must be consigned to the sale room by any stated deadline and at your expense. We may be able to assist you with this process.  When organised on the Seller’s behalf the provision of transport will be contracted to third parties.  Fees for transport will be deducted at the initial settlement. 

(3) Illustrations: The cost of any illustrations will be borne by the Seller , unless agreed otherwise prior.  The copyright in respect of such illustrations shall be the property of us, the auctioneers, as is the text of the catalogue.

6. RESERVES

(a) You are entitled to place, prior to the auction, a reserve on any lot consigned, being the minimum hammer price at which that lot may be sold. Reserves must be reasonable and we may decline to offer goods which in our opinion would be subject to an unreasonably high reserve.  A lot will be sold without reserve unless a reserve has been agreed.
(b) Firm reserves may be no greater than lower pre-sale estimate level.
(c) A reserve once set cannot be changed except with our agreement.
(d) You may not bid or instruct or permit any other  person  to bid on your behalf on your own property.   If the Seller breaches this prohibition, Lyon & Turnbull  may treat  the Seller as bound  as  Seller and  as  Buyer  but  without   the  benefit  of Lyon & Turnbull  Authenticity Guarantee or the reserve, and/or pursue  other remedies.
(e) We may sell lots below the reserve provided we account to you for the same sale proceeds as you would have received had the hammer price been the reserve.

7. LOSS & DAMAGE WARRANTY

(a) Subject to condition 7(c) below Lyon & Turnbull will assume liability for loss or damage to an item, commencing at the time that item is taken into physical control and possession by Lyon & Turnbull and ceasing on the earliest date of;
(i) when risk passes to the Buyer of the lot following its sale;
(ii) for unsold lots, when the lot is released to the Seller, or, within 3 months of the sale;or
(iii) 6 months from the date of delivery to Lyon & Turnbull for items still in the possession of Lyon & Turnbull but not consigned for sale (unless part of a long-term storage agreement).
(b) Lyon & Turnbull shall charge a loss and damage warranty fee of 1.5% of the hammer price, plus VAT.
(c) If any loss or damage should occur to the lot during the period identified in paragraphs (a) above, Lyon & Turnbull’s liability to compensate the Seller in respect of that loss shall be restricted to a maximum of the upper estimate,  or actual loss incurred, whichever is lower.  This compensation will be subject to a deduction of a 1.5% loss & warranty fee (subject to VAT).

8. UNSOLD ITEMS

(1) If an item is unsold it may, with your consent, be re-offered at a future sale. Where in our opinion an item is not suitable for a future sale we may either request (a) you collect such items from the saleroom promptly on being so informed. We shall be entitled to charge you for storage costs, charges shall be made at a reasonable daily rate;or (b) suggest that the item be transferred to a secondary saleroom for sale without reserve.  All transferred lots will be sold for the best price on the day, this may not bear any reflection on the item’s original estimate.  Lyon & Turnbull are not liable for any items (whether it be selling price or loss & damage) when transferred. 

(2) Aftersales: We reserve the right to accept an after-auction offer on a lot on behalf of the seller, at the agreed reserve price or above, for up to 48 hours after the original auction.  In which case the same charges will be payable as if such lots had been sold at auction and so far as appropriate these Conditions apply. 

9. LOT WITHDRAWAL

If a Seller wishes to withdraw a lot organised for sale, a withdrawal fee will apply;
(a) if withdrawn over 28 working days prior to the sale, this will be charged at 10% of the mid estimate along with any ancillary charges incurred (such as photography), all subject to VAT at the current rate.
(b) if withdrawn within 28 working days of the sale, this will be charged at 20% of the mid estimate along with any ancillary charges incurred (such as photography), all subject to VAT at the current rate.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull may withdraw a lot from the proposed sale without any liability if:
(i) Lyon & Turnbull reasonably believes that there is any doubt as to the lot's authenticity or attribution; or
(ii) it reasonably doubts the accuracy of any of the Seller's warranties; or
(iii) the Seller breaches any provisions of the Conditions of Sale in any material respect; or
(iv) the lot suffers from loss or damage so that it is not in the state in which it was when Lyon & Turnbull took delivery of it.
(d)  if an item is withdrawn from sale under Condition 9(c) (i), or (iv), the Seller shall not be charged a withdrawal fee and the item shall be returned to the Seller or dealt with pursuant to Clause 8, as the Seller decides.

10. AUTHORITY TO DEDUCT COMMISSION AND EXPENSES AND RETAIN PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

The Seller authorises us to deduct commission at the stated rate, and all expenses incurred for your account from the hammer price, and consents to our right to retain beneficially the premium paid by the Buyer in accordance with these Conditions of Sale and any interest earned on the sale proceeds until the date of settlement.

11. NON-PAYMENT BY THE BUYER

(a) Lyon & Turnbull will, where it considers appropriate, take reasonable steps to investigate the ability of bidders to pay for lots and will use reasonable endeavours, in consultation with the Seller, to enforce payment of the Hammer Price by any Buyer.
(b) Lyon & Turnbull, in consultation with the Seller, will decide whether to pursue any of the remedies available to it, including those set out in Condition 10 of the Condition of Sale (Buyers) including the right to cancel the sale and return the property to the Seller. Lyon & Turnbull will inform the Seller of any action which it contemplates taking against the Buyer.
(c) lf the Seller elects to take action against any Buyer on its own behalf Lyon & Turnbull will provide the Seller with such assistance as may be reasonably necessary to pursue that action.
(d) The Seller hereby agrees to inform Lyon & Turnbull of any action which it chooses to take against the Buyer to enforce payment of the amount due to the Seller.
(e) In the event that a Buyer fails to pay for a lot in accordance with the Conditions of Sale for Buyers, that lot will be treated in the same way as an unsold or collected lot. 

12. SETTLEMENT PAYMENTS

Subject to full payment by the Buyer, payment of the net proceeds of sale due to you will be made over to you 28 working days following a sale. Provided we have received cleared funds.  Payment will be made by cheque or BACS (if requested).

13. SALE BY PRIVATE TREATY

(a) The same Conditions of Sale (Sellers) shall apply to sales by private treaty.
(b) Private treaty sales made under these Conditions are deemed to be sales by auction and subject to our agreed charges for Sellers and Buyers.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull  undertakes to inform the Seller of any offers it receives in relation to an item prior to any Proposed Sale, excluding the normal method of commission bids.
(d) For the purposes of a private treaty sale, if a lot is sold in any other currency than Sterling, the exchange rate is to be taken on the date of sale.

14. THIRD PARTY LIABILITY

All members of the public on our premises are there at their own risk and must note the lay-out of the accommodation and security arrangements. Accordingly, neither the Auctioneer nor our employees or agents shall incur liability for death or personal injury or similarly for the safety of the property of persons visiting prior to, during or after a sale. 

15.  GENERAL

(a)  We shall have the right at our discretion, to refuse admission to our premises or attendance at our auctions by any person.
(b)  Any notice to any Buyer, Seller, bidder or viewer may be given by email, or if not available then first class mail, in which case it shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee 48 hours after posting.
(c) Notices to Lyon & Turnbull should be in writing and addressed to Gavin Strang at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh EH1 3RR, quoting the reference number specified at the beginning of the sale catalogue.
(d) Should any provision of these Conditions of Sale be held unenforceable for any reason, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect.
(e) These Conditions of Sale are not assignable by either party without the other's prior written consent, but are binding on the seller's successor and representatives. No act, omission or delay by Lyon & Turnbull shall be deemed a waiver or release of any of its rights.
(f) The contract between the parties may be varied by the parties by agreement and in writing.

16.  AGENCY

Lyon & Turnbull acts as agent solely for and in the interests of the Seller.  We do not act for Buyers in this role and does not give advice to Buyers.  When Lyon & Turnbull make a statement about a lot it is doing so on behalf of the Seller of the lot. 

The Auctioneer normally acts as agent only and disclaims any responsibility for default by Sellers or Buyers.

17.  DATA PROTECTION

In connection with the management and operation of our business and the marketing and supply of Lyon & Turnbull's services, or as required by law, we may ask the Seller to provide personal information about themselves or obtain information about the Seller from third parties (e.g. credit information). Lyon & Turnbull will not give out personal information except as may be required by law. 

If you would like further information on Lyon & Turnbull policies on personal data, or to make corrections to your information, please contact us on 0131 557 8844.

18.  LAW AND JURISDICTION

(a) Governing Law: These Conditions of Sale and all aspects of all matters, transactions or disputes to which they relate or apply shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, Scots law
(b) Jurisdiction: The Seller agrees that the Courts of Scotland are to have exclusive jurisdiction to settle all disputes arising in connection with all aspects of all matters or transactions to which these Conditions of Sale relate or apply. 

The Auctioneer carries on business with bidders, Buyers and all those present in the auction room prior to, or in connection with, a sale on the following General Conditions and on such other terms, conditions and notices as may be referred to herein.

UK - CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR BUYERS

The Auctioneer carries on business with bidders, Buyers and all those present in the auction room prior to, or in connection with, a sale on the following General Conditions and on such other terms, conditions and notices as may be referred to herein.

1. DEFINITIONS

In these Conditions of Sale (Buyers):
"Auctioneer" means Lyon & Turnbull Ltd (Registered in Scotland No: 191166 | Registered address: 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EH1 3RR) or its authorised auctioneer, as appropriate;
"Hammer price" means the level of bidding reached (at or above any reserve) when the Auctioneer brings down the hammer;
"Lot" means each Item offered for sale by Lyon & Turnbull;
"Purchase Price" is the Hammer Price and applicable Buyer's Premium;
"Reserve" means the lowest price below which an item cannot be sold;
"Total amount due" means the hammer price in respect of the lot sold together with any premium, Value Added Tax or other taxes chargeable and any additional charges payable by a defaulting Buyer under these Conditions;
“You”, “Your” means the Buyer
“Us”, “Our”, “We” etc. refers to Lyon & Turnbull Ltd
The singular includes the plural and vice versa as appropriate.

2. AGENCY

Lyon & Turnbull acts as agent solely for and in the interests of the Seller.  We do not act for Buyers in this role and does not give advice to Buyers.  When Lyon & Turnbull make a statement about a lot it is doing so on behalf of the Seller of the lot. 

The Auctioneer normally acts as agent only and disclaims any responsibility for default by Sellers or Buyers.

3. BIDDING PROCEDURES AND THE BUYER

(a) Bidders are required to register their particulars before bidding and to satisfy any security and credit references or arrangements before entering the auction room to view or bid;

(b) High Value Lots and High Cumulative Value of Lots: If you wish to bid on any High Value Lot (a lot with a lower estimate of £30,000 or above) or if you are bidding on several lots with a total lower estimate value of £30,000 or above, you are invited to complete the High Value Lot pre-registration. After you have successfully registered as a bidder with Lyon and Turnbull, you should complete the High Value Lot pre-registration before the date of sale by contacting the Office Manager or on the date of sale at the registration area. Unless otherwise agreed by us, you will be permitted to bid for High Value Lots only if Lyon and Turnbull has confirmed your payment of deposit and your completion of the High Value Lot pre-registration before the sale. The Deposit required will be 10% of the lower estimate. Upon pre-registration, you should pay the deposit or such other sum as determined by Lyon and Turnbull dependant on circumstances, by way of bank transfer or credit card(s) acceptable to Lyon and Turnbull. Please note that Lyon and Turnbull does not accept payment from third parties and this also applies to agents.

If you are not successful in any bid and do not owe Lyon and Turnbull any debt, the deposit will be refunded to you by way of wire transfer or such other methods as determined by Lyon and Turnbull. Please make sure that you provide your bank details in the pre-registration form. The exchange rate provided to us by the bank on the date of exchange is final. We will arrange to refund the deposit to you within seven days after the date of sale, however we do not guarantee when you will receive the payment due to the variance in time for banks to process fund transfers.

Upon successful pre-registration, you will be given a numbered High Value Lot paddle for identification purposes. The auctioneer will usually only accept bids made with the High Value Lot paddle or by its High Value Lot registered bidder. This applies to saleroom, telephone and absentee bids. 
Lyon and Turnbull has the right to change the High Value Lot pre-registration procedures and requirements from time to time without notice.

(c) The maker of the highest bid accepted by the Auctioneer conducting the sale shall be the Buyer and any dispute shall be settled at the Auctioneer's absolute discretion.
(d) Once made, no bid may be withdrawn.
(e) Our right to bid on behalf of Sellers is expressly reserved up to the amount of any reserve.
(f) The right to refuse any bid is also reserved.
(g) Commission Bids: While prospective Buyers are strongly advised to attend the auction and are always responsible for any decision to bid for a particular lot and shall be assumed to have carefully inspected and satisfied themselves as to its condition we shall, if so instructed, clearly and in writing execute bids on their behalf. Neither the Auctioneer nor our employees nor agents shall be responsible for any failure to do so. Where two or more commission bids at the same level are recorded we reserve the right in our absolute discretion to prefer the first bid so made.
(h) Telephone Bids: If a prospective Buyer makes arrangements with us prior to the commencement of the sale we will use reasonable efforts to contact them to enable them to participate in bidding by telephone.  We do not accept liability for failure to do so or for errors and omissions in connections. 
(h) Online Bidding: We will use reasonable efforts to carry out online bids and do not accept liability for equipment failure, inability to access the internet or software malfunctions related to execution of online bids/ live bidding. 

4. INCREMENTS

Bidding increments shall be at the Auctioneer's sole discretion.

5. THE PURCHASE PRICE

For each lot purchased a Buyer's Premium of 25% of the hammer price of each lot up to and including £100,000, plus 20% from £100,001 thereafter. VAT at the appropriate rate is charged on the Buyer's Premium. No VAT is payable on the hammer price or premium for printed books or unframed maps bought at auction.

Live online bidding is subject to an additional 4.95% premium (charged by the live bidding service provider Invaluable).  This additional premium is subject to VAT at the appropriate rate as above. 

6. VALUE ADDED TAX

Value Added Tax is charged at the appropriate rate prevailing by law at the date of sale and is payable by Buyers of relevant lots.
(1) Lots affixed with (†):  Value Added Tax on the hammer price is imposed by law on all items affixed with a dagger (†). This imposition of VAT maybe because the Seller is registered for VAT within the European Union and is not operating under a Margin Scheme. 
(2) Lots affixed with (*): A reduced rate of Value Added Tax on the hammer price of 5% is payable.  This indicates that a lot has been imported from outwith the European Union.  This reduced rate is applicable to Antique items. 
(3) Lots affixed with [Ω]: Standard rate of Value Added Tax on the hammer price and premium is payable.  This applies to items that have been imported from outwith the European Union and do not fall within the reduced rate category outlined above. 

7. DROIT de SUITE

This symbol § indicates works which may be subject to the Droit de Suite or Artist's Resale Right, which took effect in the United Kingdom on 14th February 2006. We are required to collect a royalty payment for all qualifying works of art. Under new legislation which came into effect on 1st January 2012 this applies to living artists and artists who have died in the last 70 years. This royalty will be charged to the Buyer on the hammer price and in addition to the Buyer’s premium. It will not apply to works where the hammer price is less than €1,000 (euros). The charge for works of art sold at and above €1,000 (euros) and below €50,000 (euros) is 4%. For items selling above €50,000 (euros), charges are calculated on a sliding scale. All royalty charges are paid to the Design and Artists Copyright Society (‘DACS’) and no handling costs or additional fees are retained by the auctioneer. Resale royalties are not subject to VAT. Please note that the royalty payment is calculated on the rate of exchange at the European Central Bank on the date of the sale. More information on Droit de Suite is available at www.dacs.org.uk.

8. PAYMENT

(1) Within 7 days of a lot being sold you will:  
(a) Pay to us the total amount due in cash or by such other method as is agreed by us. We accept cash, bank transfer (details on request), debit cards and Visa or MasterCard credit cards. We do not accept American Express.
(b)  Please note that we do not accept cash payments over £5,000. 

(2) Any payments by you to us may be applied by us towards any sums owing by you to us howsoever incurred and without agreement by you or your agent, whether express or implied.

9. TITLE AND COLLECTION OF PURCHASES

(1) The ownership of any lots purchased shall not pass to you until you have made payment in full to us of the total amount due.
(2) You shall at your own risk and expense take away any lots that you have purchased and paid for not later than 7 working days following the day of the auction or upon the clearance of any cheque used for payment whichever is later. We can provide you with a list of shippers. However, we will not be responsible for the acts or omissions of carriers or packers whether or not recommended by us. 
(3) No purchase can be claimed or removed until it has been paid for.
(4) It is the Buyer’s responsibility to ascertain collection procedures, particularly if the sale is not being held at our main sale room and the potential storage charges for lots not collected by the appropriate time.
(5) Export of goods: Buyers intending to export goods should ascertain (a) whether an export licence is required and (b) whether there is any specific prohibition on importing goods of that character, e.g. items that may contain prohibited materials such as ivory or rhino horn.   It is the buyer’s sole responsibility to obtain any relevant export or import licence.  The denial of any licence or any delay in obtaining licences shall neither justify the recession of any sale not any delay in making full payment for the lot. 

10. REMEDIES FOR NON·PAYMENT OR FAILURE TO COLLECT PURCHASES

(1) If any lot is not paid for in full and taken away in accordance with these Conditions or if there is any other breach of these Conditions, we, as agent for the Sellers and on their behalf, shall at our absolute discretion and without prejudice to any other rights we may have, be entitled to exercise one or more of the following rights and remedies:
(a) to proceed against you for damages for breach of contract;
(b) to rescind the contract for sale of that lot and/or any other lots sold by us to you;
(c) to resell the lot (by auction or private treaty) in which case you shall be responsible for any resulting deficiency in the total amount due (after crediting any part payment and adding any resale costs).
(d) to remove, store and insure the lot in the case of storage, either at our premises or elsewhere and to recover from you all costs incurred in respect thereof;
(e) to charge interest at a rate not exceeding 1.5% per month above the current base rate on all sums outstanding for more than 7 working days after the sale;
(f) to retain that or any other lot sold to you until you pay the total amount due;
(g) to reject or ignore bids from you or your agent at future auctions or to impose conditions before any such bids shall be accepted;
(h) to apply any proceeds of sale of other lots due or which become due to you towards the settlement of the total amount due by you and to exercise a lien over any of your property in our possession for any purpose until the debt due is satisfied.

11. DESCRIPTIONS AND CONDITION

 (1) Whilst we seek to describe lots accurately, it may be impractical for us to carry out exhaustive due diligence on each lot. Prospective Buyers are given ample opportunities to view and inspect before any sale and they (and any independent experts on their behalf) must satisfy themselves as to the accuracy of any description applied to a lot. Prospective Buyers also bid on the understanding that, inevitably, representations or statements by us as to authorship, genuineness, origin, date, age, provenance, condition or estimated selling price involve matters of opinion. We undertake that any such opinion shall be honestly and reasonably held and only accept liability for opinions given negligently or fraudulently. Subject to the foregoing neither we the auctioneer or our employees or agents accept liability for the correctness of such opinions and no warranties, whether relating to description, condition or quality of lots, express, implied or statutory, are given. Please note that photographs/images provided may not be fully representative of the condition of the lot and should not be relied upon as indicative of the overall condition of the lot. 

(2) Condition reports: Condition reports are provided on our website or upon request.  The absence of a report does not imply that a lot is without imperfections.  Large numbers of such requests are received shortly before each sale and department specialists and administration will endeavor to respond to all requests although we offer no guarantee.  Any statement in relation to the lot is merely an expression of opinion of the Seller or Lyon & Turnbull and should not be relied upon as an inducement to bid on the lot.  Lots are available for inspection prior to the sale and you are strongly advised to examine any lot in which you are interested prior to the sale.  Our condition reports are not prepared by professional conservators, restorers or engineers.  Our condition report does not form any contract between Lyon & Turnbull and the Buyer. The Condition Reports do not affect the Seller’s obligations in any way. 

(3) Estimates: Estimates are placed on each lot to help Buyers gauge the sums involved for the purchase of a particular lot.  Estimates do not include the Buyer’s Premium or VAT.  Estimates are a matter of opinion and prepared in advance.  Estimates may be subject to change and are for guidance only and should not be relied upon.

(4) Catalogue Alterations: Lot descriptions and estimates are prepared in advance of the sale and may be subject to change.  Any alterations will be announced on the catalogue alteration sheet, made available prior to the sale. It is the responsibility of the Buyer to make themselves aware to any alterations which may have occurred.

(5) Electrical Goods: are sold as “works of art” only and if bought for use must be checked over for compliance with safety regulations by a qualified electrician first. Use of such goods is entirely at the risk of the Buyer and no warranties as to safety of the goods are given.

(6) Upholstered items: are sold as “works of art” only and if bought for use must be checked over for compliance with safety regulations (items manufactured prior to 1950 are exempt from any regulations). Use of such goods is entirely at the risk of the Buyer and no warranties as to safety of the goods are given.  Lyon & Turnbull provide no guarantee as to the originality of any wood/material contained within the item. 

(7) Special terms may be used in catalogue descriptions of particular classes of items (Books, Jewellery, Paintings, Guns, Firearms etc.) in which case the descriptions must be interpreted in accordance with any glossary appearing in the catalogue. These notices and terms will also form part of our terms and conditions of sales.

12. BOOKS, CLOCKS & WATCHES

(1) Books-Collation: If on collation any NAMED item in the sale catalogue proves defective, in text or illustration the Buyer may reject the lot provided he returns it within 21 days of the sale stating the defect in writing. This, however, shall not apply in the case of unnamed items, periodicals, autographed letters, music M.M.S., maps, drawings NOR in respect of damage to bindings, stains, foxing, marginal worm holes or other defects not affecting the completeness of the text NOR in respect of Defects mentioned in the catalogue, or at the time of sale, NOR in respect of lots sold for less than £300.

(2) Clocks & Watches: All lots are sold “as seen”, and the absence of any reference to the condition of a clock or watch does not imply the lot is in good condition and without defects, repairs or restorations. Most clocks and watches will have been repaired during their normal lifetime and may now incorporate additional/newer parts. Furthermore, Lyon & Turnbull makes no representation or warranty that any clock or watch is in working order. As clocks and watches often contain fine and complex mechanisms, Buyers should be aware that a general service, change of battery or further repair work, for which the Buyer is solely responsible, may be necessary. Buyers should also be aware that Lyon & Turnbull cannot guarantee a watch will remain waterproof if the back is removed.  Buyers should be aware that the importing watches such as Rolex, Frank Muller and Corum into the United States is highly restricted. These watches cannot be shipped to the USA and only imported personally.

13. CITES

Please be aware that all lots marked with the symbol Y may be subject to CITES regulations when exporting these items outside the EU. These regulations may be found at https://www.defra.gov.uk/ahvla-en/imports-exports/cites

Lyon & Turnbull accepts no liability for any lots which may be subject to CITES but have not be identified as such. 

14. SALE BY PRIVATE TREATY

(a) The same Conditions of Sale (Buyers) shall apply to sales by private treaty.
(b) Private treaty sales made under these Conditions are deemed to be sales by auction and subject to our agreed charges for Sellers and Buyers.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull undertakes to inform the Seller of any offers it receives in relation to an item prior to any Proposed Sale, excluding the normal method of commission bids.
(d) For the purposes of a private treaty sale, if a lot is sold in any other currency than Sterling, the exchange rate is to be taken on the date of sale.

15. THIRD PARTY LIABILITY

All members of the public on our premises are there at their own risk and must note the lay-out of the accommodation, safety and security arrangements. Accordingly, neither the Auctioneer nor our employees or agents shall incur liability for death or personal injury or similarly for the safety of the property of persons visiting prior to, during or after a sale. 

16. GENERAL

(a) We shall have the right at our discretion, to refuse admission to our premises or attendance at our auctions by any person.
(b) Any notice to any Buyer, Seller, bidder or viewer may be given by email if not available then first class mail in which case it shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee 48 hours after posting.
(c) Notices to Lyon & Turnbull should be in writing and addressed to Gavin Strang at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh EH1 3RR, quoting the reference number specified at the beginning of the sale catalogue.
(d) Should any provision of these Conditions of Sale be held unenforceable for any reason, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect.
(e) These Conditions of Sale are not assignable by either party without the other's prior written consent. No act, omission or delay by Lyon & Turnbull shall be deemed a waiver or release of any of its rights.
(f) The contract between the parties may be varied by the parties by agreement and in writing.

17. DATA PROTECTION

In connection with the management and operation of our business and the marketing and supply of Lyon & Turnbull's services, or as required by law, we may ask the Buyer to provide personal information about themselves or obtain information about the Buyer from third parties (e.g. credit information). Lyon & Turnbull will not give out personal information except as may be required by law. 

If you would like further information on Lyon & Turnbull policies on personal data, or to make corrections to your information, please contact us on 0131 557 8844.

18.  FORCE MAJEURE 

Lyon & Turnbull shall be under no liability if they shall be unable to carry out any provision of the Contract of Sale for any reason beyond their control including (without limiting the foregoing) an act of God, legislation, war, fire, flood, drought, failure of power supply, lock-out, strike or other action taken by employees in contemplation or furtherance of a dispute or owing to any inability to procure materials required for the performance of the contract. 

19.  LAW AND JURISDICTION

(a) Governing Law: These Conditions of Sale and all aspects of all matters, transactions or disputes to which they relate or apply shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, Scots law
(b) Jurisdiction: The Buyer agrees that the Courts of Scotland are to have exclusive jurisdiction to settle all disputes arising in connection with all aspects of all matters or transactions to which these Conditions of Sale relate or apply.

UK - CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SELLERS

1. DEFINITIONS

In these Conditions of Sale (Sellers):
"Auctioneer" means Lyon & Turnbull Ltd (Registered in Scotland No: 191166 | Registered address: 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EH1 3RR)  or its authorised auctioneer, as appropriate;
"Buyer" is the person who makes the highest possible bid or offer accepted by the auctioneer, and/or such person's principal where bidding as agent;
"Buyer's Premium" is the commission payable by the Buyer on the Hammer Price at the rates set out in the Sale Catalogue Guide to Prospective Buyers and an amount in respect of applicable VAT;
"Hammer Price" is the highest bid accepted by the auctioneer by the fall of the hammer or in the case of a post-auction sale, the agreed sale price;
"Item" means each and every item consigned for sale following express written agreement between Lyon & Turnbull and the Seller;
"Lot" means each Item offered for sale by Lyon & Turnbull;
"Lower Estimate" means the low estimate provided by Lyon & Turnbull to the Seller in relation to each Item, or in relation to any Item which Lyon & Turnbull holds on behalf of the Seller;
"Lyon & Turnbull" means the company which has its registered office at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh, EHI 3RR registered in Scotland No. 191166
"Net Sale Proceeds" are the Hammer Price, less commissions and other charges, of the Lot sold, to the extent received by Lyon & Turnbull in cleared funds;
"Proposed Sale" means the intended sale through which the items will be sold on
"Purchase Price" is the Hammer Price and applicable Buyer's Premium;
"Reserve" means the lowest price below which an item cannot be sold;
"Terms of consignment" means the stipulated terms and rates of commission on which the Auctioneer accepts instructions from Sellers or their agents;
"Upper Estimate" means the high estimate provided by Lyon & Turnbull to the Seller in relation to each Item, or in relation to any Item which Lyon & Turnbull holds on behalf of the Seller;
"Without reserve" where there is no minimum price at which a lot may be sold (whether at auction or private treaty);
“You”, “Your” means the seller. The Seller means you are the owner of the lot or, if you are not the owner of the lot (whether or not you have notified us that you are acting as an agent for a principal), you are duly authorised by the owner of the lot to sell it. 
“Us”, “Our”, “We” etc refers to Lyon & Turnbull Ltd
The singular includes the plural and vice versa as appropriate.

2. WARRANTY OF TITLE AND AVAILABILITY

The Seller warrants:-
(a) that you are the true owner of the property consigned or are properly authorised by the true owner to consign it for sale and are able to transfer good and marketable title to the property free from any third party claims.
(b) that all requirements have been complied with, legal or otherwise, relating to any export or import of the property consigned, all duties and taxes in respect of the export or import of the lot have (unless agreed in writing with us) been paid and, so far as you and any principal for whom they are acting in relation to the lot are aware, all third parties have complied with such requirements in the past.
(c) that you have provided  Lyon & Turnbull  with any and all information concerning  the item’s provenance or any concerns  expressed by third  parties  concerning  its ownership, condition, authenticity, attribution, and export or import history; and
(d) Unless the Seller advises Lyon & Turnbull in writing to the contrary on delivery of the item to Lyon & Turnbull, there are no restrictions on Lyon & Turnbull rights to reproduce photographs or other images of the item in connection with the sale or any other marketing which will be done in accordance with good taste and decency.

3. PREPARATION FOR SALE

(a) Lyon & Turnbull  shall decide the way in which a lot may be included  in the sale, how any lot is described and illustrated in the catalogue  or any report, and the marketing, promotion, date, place and conduct of the sale.
(b) Lyon & Turnbull  will instruct, consult  with, and  rely  on, any  outside  experts  or  restorers, agents  or other  third  parties, and  carry  out such other  due diligence, inquiries, research or tests  in relation  to the property or its provenance, either  before  the Proposed Sale as it may deem appropriate in its reasonable discretion.
(c) Any oral or written estimate or evaluation or report provided by Lyon & Turnbull is a genuinely held opinion only.  It may not be relied on as a prediction of the selling price or value of the Item, and may in Lyon & Turnbull’s absolute discretion be revised at any time.
(d) The Seller acknowledges that attribution of Items is a matter of opinion and not of fact, and is dependent upon (amongst other things) information provided  by the Seller, the condition  of the property, the degree of research, examination or testing that is possible or practical  in the circumstances, and the status of generally accepted expert opinion at the time of cataloguing.

4. TERMS OF SALE

The Seller acknowledges that lots are sold subject to these Conditions  and on the Terms of Consignment as notified to the consignor at the time of the entry of the lot.

5. STANDARD SELLER  FEES AND CHARGES (Subject to VAT)

(1) Commission: 15% is charged on the selling price of each lot, (subject to a minimum charge of £45). Loss and damage warranty: 1.5% on value of lots sold. Photography: min charge £30. Online Listing: £10 per lot.

(2) Transport:  Items for sale must be consigned to the sale room by any stated deadline and at your expense. We may be able to assist you with this process.  When organised on the Seller’s behalf the provision of transport will be contracted to third parties.  Fees for transport will be deducted at the initial settlement. 

(3) Illustrations: The cost of any illustrations will be borne by the Seller , unless agreed otherwise prior.  The copyright in respect of such illustrations shall be the property of us, the auctioneers, as is the text of the catalogue.

6. RESERVES

(a) You are entitled to place, prior to the auction, a reserve on any lot consigned, being the minimum hammer price at which that lot may be sold. Reserves must be reasonable and we may decline to offer goods which in our opinion would be subject to an unreasonably high reserve.  A lot will be sold without reserve unless a reserve has been agreed.
(b) Firm reserves may be no greater than lower pre-sale estimate level.
(c) A reserve once set cannot be changed except with our agreement.
(d) You may not bid or instruct or permit any other  person  to bid on your behalf on your own property.   If the Seller breaches this prohibition, Lyon & Turnbull  may treat  the Seller as bound  as  Seller and  as  Buyer  but  without   the  benefit  of Lyon & Turnbull  Authenticity Guarantee or the reserve, and/or pursue  other remedies.
(e) We may sell lots below the reserve provided we account to you for the same sale proceeds as you would have received had the hammer price been the reserve.

7. LOSS & DAMAGE WARRANTY

(a) Subject to condition 7(c) below Lyon & Turnbull will assume liability for loss or damage to an item, commencing at the time that item is taken into physical control and possession by Lyon & Turnbull and ceasing on the earliest date of;
(i) when risk passes to the Buyer of the lot following its sale;
(ii) for unsold lots, when the lot is released to the Seller, or, within 3 months of the sale;or
(iii) 6 months from the date of delivery to Lyon & Turnbull for items still in the possession of Lyon & Turnbull but not consigned for sale (unless part of a long-term storage agreement).
(b) Lyon & Turnbull shall charge a loss and damage warranty fee of 1.5% of the hammer price, plus VAT.
(c) If any loss or damage should occur to the lot during the period identified in paragraphs (a) above, Lyon & Turnbull’s liability to compensate the Seller in respect of that loss shall be restricted to a maximum of the upper estimate,  or actual loss incurred, whichever is lower.  This compensation will be subject to a deduction of a 1.5% loss & warranty fee (subject to VAT).

8. UNSOLD ITEMS

(1) If an item is unsold it may, with your consent, be re-offered at a future sale. Where in our opinion an item is not suitable for a future sale we may either request (a) you collect such items from the saleroom promptly on being so informed. We shall be entitled to charge you for storage costs, charges shall be made at a reasonable daily rate;or (b) suggest that the item be transferred to a secondary saleroom for sale without reserve.  All transferred lots will be sold for the best price on the day, this may not bear any reflection on the item’s original estimate.  Lyon & Turnbull are not liable for any items (whether it be selling price or loss & damage) when transferred. 

(2) Aftersales: We reserve the right to accept an after-auction offer on a lot on behalf of the seller, at the agreed reserve price or above, for up to 48 hours after the original auction.  In which case the same charges will be payable as if such lots had been sold at auction and so far as appropriate these Conditions apply. 

9. LOT WITHDRAWAL

If a Seller wishes to withdraw a lot organised for sale, a withdrawal fee will apply;
(a) if withdrawn over 28 working days prior to the sale, this will be charged at 10% of the mid estimate along with any ancillary charges incurred (such as photography), all subject to VAT at the current rate.
(b) if withdrawn within 28 working days of the sale, this will be charged at 20% of the mid estimate along with any ancillary charges incurred (such as photography), all subject to VAT at the current rate.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull may withdraw a lot from the proposed sale without any liability if:
(i) Lyon & Turnbull reasonably believes that there is any doubt as to the lot's authenticity or attribution; or
(ii) it reasonably doubts the accuracy of any of the Seller's warranties; or
(iii) the Seller breaches any provisions of the Conditions of Sale in any material respect; or
(iv) the lot suffers from loss or damage so that it is not in the state in which it was when Lyon & Turnbull took delivery of it.
(d)  if an item is withdrawn from sale under Condition 9(c) (i), or (iv), the Seller shall not be charged a withdrawal fee and the item shall be returned to the Seller or dealt with pursuant to Clause 8, as the Seller decides.

10. AUTHORITY TO DEDUCT COMMISSION AND EXPENSES AND RETAIN PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

The Seller authorises us to deduct commission at the stated rate, and all expenses incurred for your account from the hammer price, and consents to our right to retain beneficially the premium paid by the Buyer in accordance with these Conditions of Sale and any interest earned on the sale proceeds until the date of settlement.

11. NON-PAYMENT BY THE BUYER

(a) Lyon & Turnbull will, where it considers appropriate, take reasonable steps to investigate the ability of bidders to pay for lots and will use reasonable endeavours, in consultation with the Seller, to enforce payment of the Hammer Price by any Buyer.
(b) Lyon & Turnbull, in consultation with the Seller, will decide whether to pursue any of the remedies available to it, including those set out in Condition 10 of the Condition of Sale (Buyers) including the right to cancel the sale and return the property to the Seller. Lyon & Turnbull will inform the Seller of any action which it contemplates taking against the Buyer.
(c) lf the Seller elects to take action against any Buyer on its own behalf Lyon & Turnbull will provide the Seller with such assistance as may be reasonably necessary to pursue that action.
(d) The Seller hereby agrees to inform Lyon & Turnbull of any action which it chooses to take against the Buyer to enforce payment of the amount due to the Seller.
(e) In the event that a Buyer fails to pay for a lot in accordance with the Conditions of Sale for Buyers, that lot will be treated in the same way as an unsold or collected lot. 

12. SETTLEMENT PAYMENTS

Subject to full payment by the Buyer, payment of the net proceeds of sale due to you will be made over to you 28 working days following a sale. Provided we have received cleared funds.  Payment will be made by cheque or BACS (if requested).

13. SALE BY PRIVATE TREATY

(a) The same Conditions of Sale (Sellers) shall apply to sales by private treaty.
(b) Private treaty sales made under these Conditions are deemed to be sales by auction and subject to our agreed charges for Sellers and Buyers.
(c) Lyon & Turnbull  undertakes to inform the Seller of any offers it receives in relation to an item prior to any Proposed Sale, excluding the normal method of commission bids.
(d) For the purposes of a private treaty sale, if a lot is sold in any other currency than Sterling, the exchange rate is to be taken on the date of sale.

14. THIRD PARTY LIABILITY

All members of the public on our premises are there at their own risk and must note the lay-out of the accommodation and security arrangements. Accordingly, neither the Auctioneer nor our employees or agents shall incur liability for death or personal injury or similarly for the safety of the property of persons visiting prior to, during or after a sale. 

15.  GENERAL

(a)  We shall have the right at our discretion, to refuse admission to our premises or attendance at our auctions by any person.
(b)  Any notice to any Buyer, Seller, bidder or viewer may be given by email, or if not available then first class mail, in which case it shall be deemed to have been received by the addressee 48 hours after posting.
(c) Notices to Lyon & Turnbull should be in writing and addressed to Gavin Strang at 33 Broughton Place, Edinburgh EH1 3RR, quoting the reference number specified at the beginning of the sale catalogue.
(d) Should any provision of these Conditions of Sale be held unenforceable for any reason, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect.
(e) These Conditions of Sale are not assignable by either party without the other's prior written consent, but are binding on the seller's successor and representatives. No act, omission or delay by Lyon & Turnbull shall be deemed a waiver or release of any of its rights.
(f) The contract between the parties may be varied by the parties by agreement and in writing.

16.  AGENCY

Lyon & Turnbull acts as agent solely for and in the interests of the Seller.  We do not act for Buyers in this role and does not give advice to Buyers.  When Lyon & Turnbull make a statement about a lot it is doing so on behalf of the Seller of the lot. 

The Auctioneer normally acts as agent only and disclaims any responsibility for default by Sellers or Buyers.

17.  DATA PROTECTION

In connection with the management and operation of our business and the marketing and supply of Lyon & Turnbull's services, or as required by law, we may ask the Seller to provide personal information about themselves or obtain information about the Seller from third parties (e.g. credit information). Lyon & Turnbull will not give out personal information except as may be required by law. 

If you would like further information on Lyon & Turnbull policies on personal data, or to make corrections to your information, please contact us on 0131 557 8844.

18.  LAW AND JURISDICTION

(a) Governing Law: These Conditions of Sale and all aspects of all matters, transactions or disputes to which they relate or apply shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, Scots law
(b) Jurisdiction: The Seller agrees that the Courts of Scotland are to have exclusive jurisdiction to settle all disputes arising in connection with all aspects of all matters or transactions to which these Conditions of Sale relate or apply.